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Topic: Austrian State Treaty

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	Austrian State Treaty - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The aim of the Treaty was the re-establishment of a free, sovereign and democratic Österreich.
		The basis for the treaty was the Moscow Declaration on 30th October 1943.
		The signators of the treaty were the Foreign Ministers of the time: Vyacheslav Molotov, John Foster Dulles, Harold MacMillan and Antoine Pinay on behalf of the Allies and Leopold Figl, as the Austrian Foreign Minsiter as well as the four High Commissioners of the occupying powers.
	www.eastcleveland.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Austrian_State_Treaty (406 words)

	Austria - The 1955 State Treaty and Austrian Neutrality (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Austria - The 1955 State Treaty and Austrian Neutrality
		The Indian ambassador to Moscow, acting as intermediary for the Austrians, went further and suggested permanent neutrality as the basis for a treaty.
		Austrian neutrality and a ban on foreign military bases in Austria were later incorporated into the Austrian constitution by the Law of October 26, 1955.
	countrystudies.us /austria/47.htm (345 words)

	Bruno Kreisky - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		In March 1938 the Austrian state was incorporated in Germany, and in September Kreisky emigrated to Sweden, where he remained until 1945.
		Kreisky was elected to the Austrian parliament, the Nationalrat, as a Socialist in 1956.
		In the 1970s the Austrian state television introduced TV debates before general elections, and Kreisky, highly intellectual as well as quick at repartee, by general consent easily won against a succession of Conservative party leaders.
	www.eastcleveland.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Bruno_Kreisky (1290 words)

	Boston.com / News / World / Europe / Austria reflects on progress, fetes treaty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Several of the milestones, such as the end of the war and the liberation of Austrian concentration camps, have evoked painful memories of a past the country is not proud of.
		Austrian Chancellor Wolfgang Schuessel acknowledged that Austria was late in accepting that it not only was a victim, but also a perpetrator of Nazism.
		Fifty years ago, thousands of Austrians gathered in the palace garden to await the much-awaited news of the signing of the state treaty.
	www.boston.com /news/world/europe/articles/2005/05/15/austria_reflects_on_progress_fetes_treaty (411 words)

	AUSTRIA FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Known as the Austrian granite plateau, it is located in the central area of the Bohemian Mass, and accounts for 10% of Austria.
		The Austrian portion of the Viennese_basin comprises the remaining 4%.
		The Slovenians in the Austrian state of Styria (estimated at a number between 1,600 and 5,000) are not recognized as a minority and do not enjoy special rights, although the State Treaty of July 27, 1955 states otherwise.
	velocipay.com /Austria (2764 words)

	Austria (02/05)
		The present boundaries of Austria, once the center of the Habsburg Empire that constituted the second-largest state in Europe, were established in accordance with the Treaty of St. Germain in 1919.
		Austrian exports to the United States in 2003 were $4.6 billion, or 5.2% of total Austrian exports.
		U.S. citizens who are long-term visitors or traveling in dangerous areas are encouraged to register their travel via the State Department’s travel registration web site at https://travelregistration.state.gov or at the Consular section of the U.S. embassy upon arrival in a country by filling out a short form and sending in a copy of their passports.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/3165.htm (3017 words)

	olesonhistoriography
		In this new environment, the Austrians approached the Soviets in bilateral treaty talks in 1953, and the Berlin CFM met in early 1954.
		The 1955 State Treaty, which made neutrality possible, could only come about because the key Soviet leaders had changed their mind, and finally approved of a neutral status for Austria." He argues that the Soviets blocked progress on the treaty negotiations because they refused to separate the German and Austrian question.
		Her hypothesis is that "[h]ad Soviet threats concerning the future of Austria succeeded in putting off German rearmament, the Austrian State Treaty would probably not have been signed in May 1955." Cronin thus minimizes the role of the Western powers in favor of the importance of Soviet decisions.
	userpages.wittenberg.edu /alivingstone/411/olesonhistoriography.html (2293 words)

	Comparative Criminology \| Europe - Austria
		Austrian exports to the United States in 2001 were $3.7 billion or 5.3% of total Austrian exports.
		The Austrian criminal code and code of criminal procedure were riddled with Nazi amendments between 1938 and 1945 after the Anschluss, but each code was restored to its 1938 status when the country regained independence.
		Monetary claims against the state, provinces, administrative districts, or local communities that cannot be settled by a regular court or an administrative agency are brought to the Constitutional Court, as are claims regarding disputed elections.
	www-rohan.sdsu.edu /faculty/rwinslow/europe/austria.html (8320 words)

	Staatsvertrag (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		State Treaty: Foreign Minister L. Figl presenting the signed Treaty from the balcony of the Belvedere in Vienna.
		The State Treaty consists of a preamble and nine parts: 1) political and territorial provisions, 2) military and aviation provisions, 3) withdrawal of the allied armed forces, 4) claims resulting from the war, 5) property, rights and interests, 6) general economic relations, 7) settlement of disputes, 8) various economic provisions, 9) final clause.
		Along with the commitment to the protection of democratic institutions, the Treaty enjoins Austria to dissolve Nazi and Fascist organisations and prevent the resurgence of National Socialist agitation.
	www.aeiou.at /aeiou.encyclop.s/s739842.htm;internal&action=_setlanguage.action?LANGUAGE=en (365 words)

	Saint-Germain, Treaty of on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Austria assumed the responsibility of the imperial Austrian government for its share in bringing about the war, but its reparations payments to the Allies actually were never exacted because of the obvious insolvency of the Austrian state.
		An important article of the treaty required Austria to refrain from directly or indirectly compromising its independence, which meant that Austria could not enter into political or economic union (see Anschluss) with Germany without the agreement of the council of the League of Nations.
		A destiny of guilt: the crisis of postimperial Austrian identity and the Anschluss in Alexander Lernet-Holenia's 'Der Graf von Saint Germain.'
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/S/StG1ermT1r.asp (596 words)

	Background Note: Austria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The present boundaries of Austria--once the center of the empire which was the second largest state in Europe--were established in accordance with the Treaty of St. Germain in 1919.
		Austrian exports to the United States in 1991 were $1.2 billion or 3% of total Austrian exports.
		Published by the United States Department of State -- Bureau of Public Affairs Office of Public Communication Washington, DC -- October 1992 Department of State Publication 7955 Background Notes Series -- This material is in the public domain and may be reprinted without permission; citation of this source is appreciated.
	dosfan.lib.uic.edu /erc/bgnotes/eur/austria9210.html (2776 words)

	The Budapest Sun Online - Story page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		THE new Austrian Ambassador to Hungary, Ferdinand Mayrhoffer-Grünbühel and his wife Ruth, celebrated the 50th anniversary of the Austrian State Treaty, the Staatsvertrag, recently in their residence, the beautifully restored Semsey Palace on Városmajor utca.
		The May 15, 1955 State Treaty reestablished an independent and democratic Austria, and was concluded between the Allied powers of France, the USSR, the UK and the USA on the one hand, and Austria on the other.
		The most important political provisions of the treaty referred to the reestablishment of Austria as a free and independent state, the preservation of Austria's independence and its territorial integrity by the Allies and the recognition of Austria's independence by Germany.
	www.budapestsun.com /full_story.asp?ArticleId={BC2090BA4AE74ADCA197B86C85846258}&From= (377 words)

	Articles - Austria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		After Duke Frederick II died in 1246 and left no successor, the German King Rudolf I of Habsburg gave the lands to his sons marking the beginning of the line of the Habsburgs, who continued to govern Austria until the 20th century.
		With the short exception of Charles VII Albert of Bavaria, Austrian Habsburgs held the position of German Emperor beginning in 1438 with Albert II of Habsburg until the end of the Holy Roman Empire.
		The chairman of the Federal Government is the Federal Chancellor, who is appointed by the president and voted into office by the majority of the Nationalrat, the National Council of Austria.
	www.worldhammock.com /articles/Austria (2816 words)

	Austrian Cultural Forum (Fivestars Zagreb - Only Recommended)
		The Austrian Cultural Forum is located in Zagreb in the Gundulićeva street No. 3, five minutes away from the main place in Zagreb, the Trg bana Jelačića.
		One of its aims is in revising the long-standing cliché of Austria as the country of classical music and the waltz by presenting the accomplishments of contemporary Austrian visual artists, authors and scientists, and in creating an image of our country, which largely corresponds to current reality.
		The Austrian Cultural Forum is an open meeting place between Austrians and Croats and acts as a forum for discussions and cooperation with cultural organisations, bearing in mind Austria’s cultural position in the heart of Europe and Austria’s traditional links and cultural role in this area.
	fivestars.hr /directory/entity/119 (290 words)

	Description General Settlement Fund - Joint Statement Exchange of notes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The Department of State refers the Embassy of Austria to the Preamble and to Articles 1(4), 2(2), 2(3), and 3(3) of the Agreement between the Government of the United States of America and the Austrian Federal Government concerning the Austrian Fund "Reconciliation, Peace and Cooperation" (Reconciliation Fund)("Agreement"), signed October 24, 2000.
		The United States agrees that this exchange of notes and the establishment of the GSF shall not affect unilateral decisions or bilateral or multilateral agreements that dealt with the consequences of the National Socialist era or World War II.
		The Austrian Federal Government agrees that this exchange of notes and the establishment of the GSF shall not affect unilateral decisions or bilateral or multilateral agreements that dealt with the consequences of the National Socialist era or World War II.
	www.nationalfonds.org /aef/english/aufgNotenW.htm (526 words)

	Interview: Defending Austria - (United Press International) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The historic significance of the Austrian State Treaty, signed on May 15, 1955, in Belvedere Castle by Austria and by the governments of the major allies that fought the Nazi Regime, is the restoration of Austria as an independent and sovereign state.
		A. In 1955, Austria freely declared its neutrality as a sovereign state.
		Austrian soldiers are, for instance, currently serving with NATO-led KFOR in Kosovo.
	washingtontimes.com /upi-breaking/20050527-114338-5485r.htm (1603 words)

	Background Notes: Austria 12/97
		Austrian exports to the United States in 1994 were $1.8 billion, or 3.5% of total Austrian exports.
		Austrian leaders emphasize the unique role the country plays as a link between East and West and as a moderator between industrialized and developing countries.
		Austrian companies are active in investing and trading with the countries of central and eastern Europe.
	www.umsl.edu /services/govdocs/backgroundnotes/55.htm (3099 words)

	Slovenia Business Week
		Austrian Foreign Minister Benita Ferrero-Waldner on Wednesday, 17 March paid an official visit to Slovenia in order to assess the relations between the two neighbour countries ahead of Slovenia's upcoming EU entry, the minister said following her meeting with FM Dimitrij Rupel.
		Recently, the Austrian Institute has opened in Ljubljana, while "Austrian Week" was held in the city last February.
		The Austrian minister also underscored good military cooperation; Slovenian peace-keepers are to work together with their Austrian counterparts in Bosnia-Herzegovina.
	www.gzs.si /SBW/head.asp?idc=15514 (608 words)

	Positions of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs on Slovenia's relations with Austria and Italy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The Ministry considers the recent statements of Austrian politicians concerning the entitlement of the Republic of Slovenia to succeed to the status of Yugoslavia as a signatory to the Austrian State Treaty to be the result of a misunderstanding.
		The Republic of Slovenia succeeded, on the territory of the Republic of Slovenia, the international treaties concluded by the former Yugoslavia, i.e.
		The Austrian State Treaty as a multilateral treaty categorically binds Austria under international law in accordance with the pacta sunt servanda principle.
	www.sigov.si /cgi-bin/spl/mzz/eng/news_room/news/05021103.html (613 words)

	Document relatifs aux relations extérieures du Canada
		Now that the Soviet Union has agreed to drop Article 17 from the Treaty, Austria will be relieved of the obligation to restrict her armed forces to the very limited levels (53,000 men for the army) which would have been permitted under this article.
		The reason for this is partly to make it harder for the Russians to seek excuses later for undue intervention in Austrian affairs on trumped up allegations that Austria is not maintaining her neutrality and partly because the U.S. would have conventional difficulties on guaranteeing Austrian territorial integrity.
		The Treaty is drafted for signature by the Four Powers and by Austria but provides in Article 58 for any member of the United Nations to accede, and upon accession to be deemed an Associated Power for the purposes of the Treaty.
	www.dfait-maeci.gc.ca /department/history/dcer/details-fr.asp?intRefId=1560 (1542 words)

	Special Reports
		In 1955, when the Austrian State Treaty was signed, these objects were handed over to Austria with the obligation to return them to their owners.
		On September 2nd of the same year, the list of the remaining 8,422 objects in Austrian care, together with the text of the restitution law, "Bundesgesetz" (Federal Law) 294 of June 27th, was published in the "Amtsblatt" of the "Wiener Zeitung".
		The rest remained as Austrian state property deposited in the 14th-century monastery in Mauerbach near Vienna.
	www.dhh-3.de /biblio/bremen/sow3/mcp1.htm (860 words)

	Austria is Free!
		Collectors of Austrian philately are not always aware of the history of the people portrayed on this country's postage stamps (unless, of course, they belong to the APS).
		It's an interesting comment on the Austrian Constitution that Körner remained President until 1957, but it was the State Secretary in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs who wrote his speech and the Chancellor who signed the State Treaty.
		Whenever the conferees could not agree on a particular paragraph of the proposed state treaty, the ambassadors and the Austrian Foreign Minister and Dr. Kreisky would withdraw to another room, along with the translators, and there, off the record, matters would be resolved.
	www.kitzbuhel.demon.co.uk /austamps/sjr01 (2029 words)

	Untitled Document
		The Exhibition to Commemorate the 50th Anniversary of the State Treaty 1955/2005
		At the heart of the show are the years of Allied occupation from 1945 to 1955 and the signing of the Austrian State Treaty on 15 May 1955.
		Committee for the 2005 State Treaty Exhibition in Vienna
	www.belvedere.at /ausstellungen_en/aktuelles.php (1230 words)

	General Assembly
		Moreover whether Turkey and/or Greece are parties to such a treaty is irrelevant in terms of the application of Articles I and II of the Treaty of Guarantee.
		The context of the Treaty of Guarantee and related instruments show that, although there were to be controls on Cyprus becoming a member of international organizations including free trade areas, Article I was intended to address the separate and much narrower issue of a union with another State.
		In other words, his view is that Austrian membership of the EU would have been a breach of the Article 4 of the Austrian State Treaty but for the consent of all the other parties to it.
	www.kypros.org /UN/mendel.htm (3824 words)

	Foreign Ministry's position on the Austrian State Treaty (AST) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The Austrian State Treaty is very important for Slovenia as it defines the common state border (Article 5), and regulates the protection of the Slovenian minority in Carinthia and Styria (Article 7) and indemnification issues (Article 27, Paragraph 2).
		Furthermore the Austrian State Treaty defines the state border (Article 5) and is as such a dispositive treaty entitling the Republic of Slovenia to automatic succession; such treaties cannot be cancelled on the grounds of a changed situation.
		The AST as a multilateral treaty binds Austria under international law in accordance with the pacta sunt servanda principle.
	www.sigov.si /mzz/eng/news_room/news/05020903.html (492 words)

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