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Topic: Austro Hungarian North Pole Expedition

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	Julius von Payer - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In 1868 he was invited by the German geographer August Petermann to participate in the 1869-1870 2nd German Northpolar Expedition ("Germania" under Koldewey).
		In 1912 he planned (at the age of seventy) an expedition in a submarine to the North Pole.
		Julius von Payer, "Die Österreich-Ungarische Nordpol Expedition in den Jahren 1869-1874" (Wien 1876) (The Austro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition of 1869 to 1874", Vienna, 1876)
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Julius_von_Payer (385 words)

	Austro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Austro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition was an expedition from 1872-74 and discovered Franz-Josef Land.
		According to Julius von Payer, one of the leaders, the journey was to find the north-eastern passage.
		According to the other leader, Karl Weyprecht, the north pole was a secondary target.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Austro-Hungarian_North_Pole_Expedition (148 words)

	TRANS Nr. 15: Johan Schimanski (University of Tromsø) & Ulrike Spring (Bergen): Austro-Hungarian and other ...
		For the expedition, land - and not mountains - is often the central topos.
		As we have established, the ascension of mountains during the expedition is clearly secondary to its horizontal project.
		Thus crewmembers participating in the land expedition are given prizes for reaching the 81st parallel and again on reaching the 82nd (Payer 1876, 282).
	www.inst.at /trans/15Nr/05_10/schimanski15.htm (2982 words)

	Istria on the Internet - Naval History - Mariners on the Arctic in 1872-1874 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The main goal of the expedition intended to last for 2.5 years was the discovery of the North-East Passage from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean.
		The immediate goal of the expedition, however, was to explore lands and waters of the Arctic Ocean located to the North-East of Novaya Zemlya Island.
		The expedition led to the discovery of Franz Josef's Land in the Arctic.
	www.istrianet.org /istria/navigation/sea/tegetthoff1.htm (2794 words)

	Press Releases
		Barrett juxtaposed several arctic expeditions with differing goals but similar successes, suggesting that the adventures we take on, whatever they might be, sometimes are very different in scope but equally important in what they accomplish.
		She contrasted the "long dark middle" of two arctic journeys she had studied -- the Imperial Austro-Hungarian North Pole expedition and the Norwegian explorer Nansen's expedition into the Arctic.
		When beginning the creative process, Barrett explained, "two poles, two approaches hang in the air." Yet the approach we choose is not important.
	www.union.edu /N/DS/s.php?s=2024 (672 words)

	Karl Weyprecht biography .ms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In 1868 he had to hand over the leadership of the first German polar expedition to Karl Holdeway due to ill-health.
		He made a preliminary expedition with Julius von Payer to Novaya Zemlya in 1871.
		He co-led with Julius von Payer the 1872-1874 Austro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition on the ship Admiral Tegetthoff which discovered Franz Josef Land in the arctic.
	karl-weyprecht.biography.ms (272 words)

	Amazon.ca: Editorial Reviews Books: The Terrors of Ice & Darkness (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Members of the 19th-century expedition, pursuing honor, glory and other vanities, endure two frigid winters when their ship is trapped in ice: their beards freeze, they are blinded by snow and ill with scurvy, but the Bible is read every Sunday.
		An impressive debut, it tells the gripping tale of the Austro-Hungarian polar expedition of 1872-74, describes a young Italian's ultimately fatal obsession with reconstructing this expedition in 1981, and traces the narrator's growing fascination with this man's fate.
		In a novel as crystalline as the polar ice, as penetrating as the arctic cold, Christopher Ransmayr spins an adventure tale both spellbinding and paradoxical in its subversive undermining of conventional notions of heroism and exploration.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/books/0802134599/reviews (1174 words)

	franz josef land
		The archipelago is only 550 miles from the North Pole, closer than all land masses except for Canada's Ellesmere Island and Greenland.
		The island is the most accessible location in the island group and formed the main base for polar expeditions in the late 19th and early 20th century.
		The archipelago was discovered in 1873 by Austro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition explorers Karl Weyprecht and Julius von Payer while their ship was locked in ice trying to find a "northeast passage".
	www.fact-library.com /franz_josef_land.html (1013 words)

	Virtual Vienna Net - Duncan Smith - From Austria to the Arctic
		The ship was under the command of Captain Karl Weyprecht and was named after the much-celebrated Austrian admiral who had beaten the Italians at the Battle of Lissa (Tegethoff's monument still stands at the end of Praterstrasse in the 2nd district of Leopoldstadt).
		The expedition's stated aim was to discover a navigable North East passage through Arctic waters north of Russia and to eventually reach the Pacific.
		Nansen was not on board however, having made a bold but unsuccessful attempt on the North Pole, over-wintering on Franz-Josefs-Land on his return.
	www.virtualvienna.net /columns/duncan/austria_to_artic.html (1230 words)

	north pole - OneLook Dictionary Search
		North Pole : The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language [home, info]
		North Pole : Construction Term Glossary [home, info]
		Phrases that include north pole: austro-hungarian north pole expedition, austro hungarian north pole expedition, geographic north pole, geomagnetic north pole
	www.onelook.com /?w=north+pole&ls=a (244 words)

	History
		1912 - plans (at the age of seventy) an expedition in a submarine to the North Pole
		- the expedition generally is said to have been a failure, because it could not fulfill
		task: exploration of the region north of 74° at the eastern coast of Greenland
	www.arctic.at /castaway/history/history.html (3484 words)

	Mount Payer
		He explored several remote regions in the alps.
		In 1871 he participated in the preliminary Austro-Hungarian expedition to Novaya Zemlya, with Karl Weyprecht and later led the Austro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition.
		In 1895 he planned a trip for painting to Franz-Josef-Fjord (Greenland) and in 1912 planned (at the age of seventy) an expedition in a submarine to the North Pole.
	www.bivouac.com /MtnPg.asp?MtnId=3700 (148 words)

	Virtual Vienna Net - Duncan Smith - The Forgotten Inventor of the Motor Car
		The city has also prompted him to attempt painting, something he has wanted to try for many years, and to indulge his interest in the world of classical music.
		, which will be devoted to the hidden corners of the Hungarian capital.
		For reprints and usage permission of his articles he can be contacted through his website:
	www.virtualvienna.net /columns/duncan/forgotten_inventor.html (1115 words)

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