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Topic: Autocrine agent

Related Topics

Autocrine

Paracrine agent

Paracrine signalling

Leukotriene

Thromboxane

Histamine

Prostaglandin

Somatostatin

Smooth muscle

Myocardial infarction

Paracrine

Autocrine signalling

	Autocrine signalling - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Autocrine signalling is a form of signalling in which a cell secretes a chemical messenger (called the autocrine agent) that signals the same cell.
		An example of an autocrine agent is the cytokine interleukin-1 in monocytes.
		When this is produced in response to external stimuli, it can bind to cell-surface receptors on the same cell that produced it.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Autocrine_agent (84 words)

	Paracrine signalling - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Paracrine signalling is a form of signalling in which the target cell is close to the signal releasing cell, and the signal chemical is broken down too quickly to be carried to other parts of the body.
		The signal chemical is called the paracrine agent.
		Other examples of paracrine agents are somatostatin and histamine.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Paracrine_signalling (137 words)

	Le Magazine, April 2004 - Abstracts: Perilla Oil, Resvertrol, Hydroderm, Testosterone, Sonograms
		Taking into consideration that the identification of resveratrol as a cancer preventive agent is largely owed to its high abundance in nature (e.g., it accounts for 5-10% of the grapeskin biomass), it is logical to expect that naturally occurring stilbenes that are superior to resveratrol in their cancer preventive properties await identification.
		Our results indicate the potential of developing GSE as an effective cancer therapeutic agent, both alone and in combination with TNFalpha-based chemotherapy of advanced human prostate carcinoma that might prove to be a more effective and less toxic alternative in clinical therapy of PCA.
		It is appreciated that an effective and acceptable chemopreventive agent should have certain properties: (a), little or no toxic effects in normal and healthy cells; (b), high efficacy against multiple sites; (c), capability of oral consumption; (d), known mechanism of action; (e), low cost; and (f), acceptance by human population.
	www.lef.org /magazine/mag2004/abstracts/apr2004_abs_02.htm (4197 words)

	United States Patent Application: 0040137066
		In this regard, it is envisioned that the implant could be coated with the desired agent or agents at the site of the procedure, or a pre-coated implant having the desired therapeutic agent or agents may be selected from an inventory of pre-coated implants.
		In some situations, when the agents are loaded on to the implant, there is a risk of quick erosion of the therapeutic agents either during the expansion process or during the phase during with the blood flow is at high shear rates at the time of implantation.
		The therapeutic agent or agents of the stent preform 10 may include a macrolide immunosuppressant, anti-inflammatory agent, non-proliferative agent, anti-coagulant, anti-platelet agent, Tyrosine Kinase inhibitor, anti-infective agent, anti-tumor agent, anti-leukemic agent and a combination thereof.
	appft1.uspto.gov /netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/srchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1="20040137066".PGNR.&OS=DN/20040137066&RS=DN/20040137066 (10384 words)

	Research Projects - Neuro-Oncology Lab (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Chin and researchers in his laboratory have identified an agent that causes apoptosis in human malignant glioma cells: K252a, a microbial alkaloid structurally similar to staurosporine, which is known to cause cell cycle arrest.
		The autocrine model affords the cell a self-perpetuating loop because growth factors both initiate and benefit from cell growth, leading to unregulated cell proliferation.
		But in the discovery of agents that work with the cell cycle to disrupt the growth of highly malignant tumor cells, we can find hope for that cure.
	www.umm.edu /neurosurgery/nsurg7c.html (932 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		However, the authors were unable to purify, isolate or characterise the autocrine factor from conditioned medium and do not provide any definite suggestions as to the structure or activity of their autocrine factor.
		The fractional occupancy of the binding sites of the binding agent can then be determined either by directly or indirectly labelling the analyte or by using a developing agent or agents to arrive at an indication of the presence or amount of the analyte in the sample.
		The sample is generally contacted with the binding agent under appropriate conditions which allow the analyte in the sample to bind to the binding agent.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=00/39589.000706&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (6366 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		What is needed are agents which may be used to enhance cardiac contractility without causing the toxicity associated with digitalis preparations.
		Preferably, at least one agent is selected from the group consisting of a P2X4 purinoceptor agonist and a P2X6 purinoceptor agonist.
		Known binding agents inclue, but are not limited to, gelatin, acacia, pre- gelatinized maize starch, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=99/23214.990514&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (10257 words)

	Gastrin, gastrin receptors and colorectal carcinoma -- BALDWIN and SHULKES 42 (4): 581 -- Gut (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		an autocrine loop is the observation that expression of antisense
		The possibility of an alternative autocrine loop which utilises non-amidated gastrins (fig 2B) should also be considered.
		Autocrine stimulation of growth of AR4-2J rat pancreatic tumour cells by gastrin.
	gut.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/42/4/581 (3208 words)

	Sandostatin.com Global for Healthcare Professionals - Causes of GEP NE Tumors
		Endocrine-the agent is produced in one cell type and released into the bloodstream.
		Paracrine-the agent is produced in one cell and acts on a nearby cell.
		Autocrine-the cell produces a substance that is secreted and directly stimulates the same cell through a surface receptor
	www.sandostatin.com /treating_gep_ne_tumors/causes (452 words)

	Projects (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Autocrine signaling is important in embryogenesis, adult tissue maintenance, and tumorigenesis.
		In this research, we propose to use microfabrication techniques to modulate autocrine levels to investigate how in vitro tumor colony morphology and autocrine signaling are related.
		Hence, we hypothesize that autocrine level is a potential modulator of tumor morphology, which typifies the malignancy.
	www.bme.jhu.edu /labs/levchenko/projects.htm (1510 words)

	Mesothelioma news for mesothelioma patients (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		To date, single-agent regimens utilizing commercially available cytotoxic agents such as cisplatin, doxorubicin, trimetrexate, or the taxanes docetaxel or paclitaxel have yielded modest results with average response rates no higher than 10% to 20% (Table 2).
		While its activity as a single agent is limited, response rates generally have been higher when used in combination with cisplatin.
		In vitro data demonstrate that VEGF is one of the various autocrine growth factors that play an important role in the aggressive growth and metastasis of mesothelioma, such that VEGF, VEGF-C, and its receptors are expressed by mesothelioma cell lines.
	www.mesotheliomamedicine.com /mesotheliomanews.shtml (3231 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Conclusion: We conclude that suramin is an active agent in hormonerefractory prostate carcinoma.
		DISCUSSION The results of this trial indicate that suramin is an active agent in the treatment of patients with prostate carcinoma who have failed hormonal therapy, and that the drug is tolerated by an elderly patient population, with a range of chronic medical illnesses.
		The evidence that suramin is an active agent in hormonerefractory prostate cancer rests on three observations: (1) the druginduced shrinkage of measurable soft tissue masses; (2) it caused dramatic decreases in the PSA with considerable frequency; and (3) it caused pain relief in a high percentage of patients.
	www.prostatepointers.org /library/clin1.txt (5460 words)

	CancerNetwork.com:Cancer Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Two different clinical trials using biological agents directed against an autocrine growth factor and a surface marker of neuroendocrine differentiation have been used for patients with relapsed small-cell lung cancer.
		Therefore, it appears that an antibody directed against an autocrine growth factor and an immunotoxin directed against a surface marker of neuroendocrine differentiation can inhibit the growth of small-cell lung cancer in vitro and in vivo; both produced some evidence of antitumor activity in patients.
		Cisplatin (Platinol) is an active chemotherapeutic agent used to treat small-cell lung cancer, but its toxicity, including nausea and vomiting, nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and ototoxicity, has led to the investigation of combination regimens with different toxicity profiles.
	www.cancernetwork.com /contents/o9801supp2.htm (3550 words)

	A cancer chemopreventive agent silibinin, targets,.. Prostate Cancer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		A cancer chemopreventive agent silibinin, targets mitogenic and survival signaling in prostate cancer.
		There are many epigenetic variables that affect the biological responses of autocrine, paracrine and endocrine regulatory molecules, which determine the growth and development of different cancers including prostate cancer (PCA).
		One of the focuses of the current cancer chemoprevention studies is the search for non-toxic chemopreventive agents that inhibit mitogenic and cell survival signaling in cancer cells.
	www.skyeherbals.com /forum/index.php?topic=64.0 (421 words)

	Citebase - Simulating the Impact of a Molecular 'Decision-Process' on Cellular Phenotype and Multicellular Patterns in ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		This network is activated by autocrine TGFa secretion, and the EGFR-dependent downstream signaling this step triggers, as well as modulated by an extrinsic nutritive glucose gradient.
		Cell scattering and migration induced by autocrine transforming growth factor alpha in human glioma cells in vitro.
		Autocrine loops with positive feedback enable context-dependent cell signaling.
	www.citebase.org /cgi-bin/citations?id=oai:arXiv.org:q-bio/0408001 (2018 words)

	Nerve Growth Factor Induces the Expression of Certain Cytokine Genes and bcl-2 in Mast Cells. POTENTIAL ROLE IN ...
		This induction was NGF dose-dependent, was blocked by NGF-neutralizing antibodies, and was not observed in the non-mast peritoneal cell population.
		The immunosuppressive agent cyclosporin A (CsA) blocked both NGF cytokine gene induction and survival promotion but did not block survival activated by IL-3, or stem cell factor (SCF), two other well characterized mast cell growth and survival-promoting factors (26, 27).
		These results are consistent with previous data indicating that NGF mediates survival promotion of RPMC by up-regulation of autocrine factors (1) and support the hypothesis that NGF maintains mast cell survival indirectly through increased expression of cytokines.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/271/44/27500 (7067 words)

	Autocrine Regulation and Experimental Modulation of Interleukin-6 Expression by Human Pulmonary Epithelial Cells ...
		Autocrine Regulation and Experimental Modulation of Interleukin-6 Expression by Human Pulmonary Epithelial Cells Infected with Respiratory Syncytial Virus -- Jiang et al.
		Autocrine Regulation and Experimental Modulation of Interleukin-6 Expression by Human Pulmonary Epithelial Cells Infected with Respiratory Syncytial Virus
		in an autocrine manner in the epithelial cells.
	jvi.asm.org /cgi/content/full/72/3/2496 (2224 words)

	Autocrine signalling - TheBestLinks.com - Paracrine signalling, Paracrine agent, Stub, ...
		Autocrine signalling - TheBestLinks.com - Paracrine signalling, Paracrine agent, Stub,...
		Autocrine, Autocrine signalling, Paracrine signalling, Paracrine agent, Stub
		Autocrine signalling is a form of signalling in which the target cell is the secretory cell itself.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Autocrine.html (89 words)

	The Body: Etiology and Pathogenesis
		As the epidemiology suggests, many researchers have tested the hypothesis of several different etiologic agents with the hopes of finding one that is associated with KS.
		As sexually transmitted agents have been associated with other malignancies, it has been hypothesized that a sexually transmitted agent may be associated with KS.
		However, some feel that there is no one agent responsible for KS and that KS is the end result of a cascade of events resulting from hyperactivation of the immune system.
	www.thebody.com /tag/ksproj/etiology.html (2030 words)

	Autocrine Growth of Epstein-Barr Virus-Positive Gastric Carcinoma Cells Mediated by an Epstein-Barr Virus-Encoded Small ...
		Autocrine Growth of Epstein-Barr Virus-Positive Gastric Carcinoma Cells Mediated by an Epstein-Barr Virus-Encoded Small RNA.
		EBV is a ubiquitous virus, which infects the majority of the human population and is the causative agent of infectious mononucleosis (1).
		Although it is not known whether IGF-I is the sole determinant of GC development, what we have shown here is that EBER-induced IGF-I acts as an autocrine growth factor in GC cells, and EBV-positive GC biopsies consistently express IGF-I. In previous articles, we reported that EBER contributes oncogenically to Burkitt’s lymphoma (16, 17, 23).
	www.euchromatin.org /Iwakiri01.htm (3527 words)

	Resistance to Chemotherapy Mediated by TrkB in Neuroblastomas -- Ho et al. 62 (22): 6462 -- Cancer Research
		agent divided by the absorbance of the untreated cells).
		agent, the percentage of surviving cells was significantly decreased
		PI3K Pathway Is Activated by Autocrine TrkB-BDNF Pathway in TrkB Transfectants.
	cancerres.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/62/22/6462 (3467 words)

	Expression of the Angiogenic Factor Thymidine Phosphorylase in THP-1 Monocytes: Induction by Autocrine Tumor Necrosis ...
		Lopez S, Peiretti F, Bonardo B, Juhan-Vague I, Nalbone G (2000) Tumor necrosis factor alpha up-regulates in an autocrine manner the synthesis of plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 during induction of monocytic differentiation of human HL-60 leukemia cells.
		Muro H, Waguri-Nagaya Y, Mukofujiwara Y, Iwahashi T, Otsuka T, Matsui N, Moriyama A, Asai K, and Kato T (1999) Autocrine induction of gliostatin/platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor and GLS-induced expression of metalloproteinases in rheumatoid arthritis synoviocytes.
		Yin M-J, Yamamoto Y, and Gaynor RB (1998) The anti-inflammatory agents aspirin and salicylate inhibit the activity of I
	molpharm.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/64/5/1251 (6082 words)

	Center for Uterine Fibroids: Pirfenidone (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Since leiomyomas are also characterized by increased cell proliferation and tissue fibrosis, we examined the effects of pirfenidone on cell proliferation and collagen expression in cultured myometrial and leiomyoma smooth muscle cells.
		Pirfenidone is an antifibrotic agent which is being investigated for use in patients with pulmonary fibrosis.
		The results of a number of recent studies have led to the hypothesis that the effects of the ovarian steroid hormones on cell proliferation may be mediated indirectly through the activation of autocrine and paracrine peptide growth factors including epidermal growth factor(EGF), insulin-like growth factor I and II (IGF-I and IGF-II) (20-22).
	www.fibroids.net /html/article3.html (3171 words)

	Antitumor Effect and Potentiation of Cytotoxic Drugs Activity in Human Cancer Cells by ZD-1839 (Iressa), an Epidermal ...
		Data are expressed as the percentage of growth inhibition as compared with the growth of untreated control cells.
		For each pair of columns, the height of the columns on the left represents the sum of the effect of each agent and, therefore, the expected growth inhibition if their effect is additive when used in combination.
		The total height of the columns on the right indicates the observed growth inhibition when the agents are used in combination.
	clincancerres.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/6/5/2053 (6566 words)

	Purinergic Mechanisms in Nervous System Function and Disease States
		However, the short half life of ADO (2- 10 s) precluded further interest in the utility of the purine as a potential drug although this shortcoming proved to be an advantage in the subsequently approved use of ADO for the treatment supraventricular tachycardia some 60 years later (19).
		The concept that ADO and ATP could function as neuromodulator agents via their presence in the synaptic cleft has been the subject of considerable debate focusing on why such a “uniquely valuable small molecule to the cell” (10) would be released to the extracellular milieu.
		In many instances single, somewhat high, concentrations of a limited number of compounds were used to draw conclusions related to a complete class of psychotherapeutic agent, often with no negative control data thus representing a somewhat reductionistic approach to delineating the role of the purine in drug actions.
	www.acnp.org /g4/GN401000063/CH.HTML (7479 words)

	Transforming Growth Factor {beta}1 Is a Paracrine Inhibitor of Prolactin Gene Expression -- Abraham et al. 139 (12): ...
		TGFß1 as the paracrine agent that exerts a tonic inhibitory
		agent and is secreted from normal as well as tumorous anterior
		agents are delivered to mammotropes may provide some insight
	endo.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/139/12/5174 (4757 words)

	Interleukin-6 Modulated Conditionally Replicative Adenovirus as an Antitumor/Cytotoxic Agent for Cancer Therapy -- ...
		In the context of tumor cells exhibiting an IL-6 autocrine arc-like human ovarian cancer cells, Ad5dl312 can selectively replicate in, produce new virus progeny, and kill the infected tumor cells by virus-mediated oncolysis without requiring the addition of exogenous IL-6.
		Southam C. M., Moore A. Clinical studies of viruses as antineoplastic agents, with particular reference to Egypt 101 virus.
		Okamoto M., Lee C., Oyasu R. Interleukin-6 as a paracrine and autocrine growth factor in human prostatic carcinoma cells in vitro.
	clincancerres.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/5/1/43 (5711 words)

	Bone and prostate-derived protein factors affecting prostate cancer growth, differentiation, and metastasis (US5728815)
		A human growth factor polypeptide of 157 kD was identified, in human bone marrow aspirates and from bone stromal cells, by immunoblotting with the mAb MS 329, and by affinity isolation using a MS 329 antibody column.
		A PSA stimulating autocrine factor, PSAF, that is precipitable in ammonium sulfate at between 60-80% saturation is able to induce PSA expression and secretion, and serves as an indicator of androgen independent prostate cell growth.
		J.T. Hsieh et al., "Characterization of Non-Androgenic Prostate-Specific Autocrine Factor(s) with Stimulatory Effect on PSA Gene Expression in Androgen-Independent Human Prostate Cancer Cells," J. of Urol., 149:222A, 1993.
	www.delphion.com /details?pn=US05728815__&language=en (760 words)

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