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Topic: Autolysis

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	In vitro Simulation of Gastric and Pancreatic Phase Digestion of Meat and Bone Meal: Studies of Enzyme Autolysis
		It was demonstrated that the deactivation of pepsin took the form of autolysis.
		The higher the concentration, the slower the autolysis was.
		This negligence of autolysis should result in overestimation of digestible amino acids, particularly when relatively a large quantity of enzymes is used.
	mark.asci.ncsu.edu /swinereports/2001/03nutneil.htm (1191 words)

	Shelton: Fasting; Chapter V
		By autolysis old structures are torn down, stored materials are digested and prepared for new use, the materials are shifted from one part of the organism to another.
		The fact that autolysis is a rigidly controlled and not a haphazard process, is our guarantee that the vital tissues of the body will not be sacrificed during even prolonged abstinence from food.
		Fasting, by which autolysis of tumors is accelerated, normalizes nutrition and permits the elimination of accumulated toxins, thus helping to remove the cause of the tumor.
	www.soilandhealth.org /02/0201hyglibcat/020127shelton.III/020127.ch5.htm (4979 words)

	Full Text - Effect of the production or use of mixtures of bakers’ or brewers’ yeast extracts on their ...
		Autolysis yield was calculated as the fraction of solids recovered in the centrifugation supernatants, from the initial yeast solids.
		Autolysis yields of the two types of yeasts at 45, 48 and 51ºC were not significantly different, so a range of 45 to 51ºC could be used for the autolysis procedure (Table 4).
		Mixing the two yeasts was beneficial for subsequent autolysis yields, and the maximum yield was obtained with the co-autolysis of a combination of 60% bakers' yeasts and 40% brewers' yeasts (Table 6).
	www.ejbiotechnology.info /content/vol6/issue3/full/3 (3986 words)

	In vitro Simulation of Gastric and Pancreatic Phase Digestion of Meat and Bone Meal: Studies of Enzyme Autolysis
		Without MBM protein, the higher the concentration, the slower the autolysis of trypsin was, and the rate of breakdown of peptide bonds was inversely correlated to the concentration of PT.
		With the presence of MBM protein, the higher the concentration, the faster the autolysis of trypsin was.
		The average of degree of autolysis was 20.3%.
	mark.asci.ncsu.edu /SwineReports/2001/04nutneil.htm (1309 words)

	BoDD (Botanical Dermatology Database) - CRUCIFERAE
		Cole (1976) observed that autolysis of the glucosinolates of this plant resulted in the release principally of an oxazolidinthione and cyano compounds.
		Cole (1976) observed that autolysis of the glucosinolates of the plant resulted in the release of mainly isopropyl and sec-butyl isothiocyanates.
		Autolysis of the glucosinolates of this species resulted in the release of a small amount of 2-phenylethyl glucosinolate (Cole 1976).
	bodd.cf.ac.uk /BotDermFolder/BotDermC/CRUC.html (5558 words)

	How to Brew - By John Palmer - Autolysis
		Luckily, the propensity of yeast to autolyze is decreased by a decrease in activity and a decrease in total yeast mass.
		At a minimum, a beer that has experienced autolysis will have a burnt rubber taste and smell and will probably be undrinkable.
		Autolysis is not inevitable, but it is lurking.
	www.howtobrew.com /section1/chapter10-3.html (398 words)

	Catecholamines in the Vitreous Fluid and Urine of Guinea Pigs Dying of Cold and the Effect of Postmortem Freezing and ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Catecholamines in the Vitreous Fluid and Urine of Guinea Pigs Dying of Cold and the Effect of Postmortem Freezing and Autolysis.
		Autolysis alone caused an increase to 33.5 ± 7.7 ng/mL, and freezing alone to 13.4 ± 5.3 ng/mL.
		Concerning the values of noradrenaline in the vitreous, the increase as a result of autolysis must be taken in account when interpreting the results.
	journalsip.astm.org /jofs/PAGES/770.htm (319 words)

	Zymo Research - Autolysis
		The XJb Autolysis™ strain is particularly suitable for protein expression.
		Compared to XJa, the autolysis of XJb is about 20% less efficient (see Figure 4), but this difference can be easily compensated by a more careful selection of lysis conditions (see instruction protocol).
		Autolysis of the XJa, XJb, and parent strains.
	www.zymoresearch.com /products/protein/autolysis.asp (1316 words)

	Calpain (Ca(2+)-dependent thiol protease) in erythrocytes of young and old individuals.
		Increasing the erythrocyte Ca2+ induced translocation of calpain to the cell membrane and autolysis of the enzyme.
		The enhanced calpain autolysis was accompanied by enhanced degradation of band 3 protein in the old.
		The results suggest that calpain in old individuals is translocated to the cell membrane and is activated by autolysis, resulting in degradation of certain membrane proteins and loss of calpain.
	www.arclab.org /medlineupdates/abstract_8058728.html (309 words)

	Mutant Rat Trypsin
		Autolysis is important for the regulation of trypsin levels within living organisms.
		The rate of autolysis is dependent upon Ca concentration; the mechanism by which Ca binding affects autolysis is still unknown.
		As the mutant trypsin was resistant to autolysis and does not need Ca to protect it from autolysis, the protein was found to be almost completely insensitive to the presense of Ca Finally, the loss of activity of wild-type trypsin can be explaned by the disruption of this
	biology.kenyon.edu /courses/biol63/chime2002/trypsin/FRAMES/captxt.htm (875 words)

	Autolysis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In chemistry, autolysis is the production of a substance which catalyses the reaction it was made in, or catalyzes its own transformation into another compound.
		In cell biology, autolysis is the destruction (or lysis) of a cell by its own enzymes.
		This is a disambiguation page, a list of pages that otherwise might share the same title.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Autolysis (108 words)

	pathology
		Our examination of gross pathology records showed that 98 of the 196 animals that died during the study were fixed in toto and autopsied at some later date, in some cases more than one year later.
		This tissue mass was first observed on 8/24/73 according to the pathology sheet (Exhibit #79), the observation records (Exhibit #70), and the palpation record in the "Tissue Masses and Deaths" book (Exhibit #65).
		The submission to FDA (Exhibit #8) reported no tissue mass and the animal was excluded from the study due to marked autolysis.
	www.presidiotex.com /bressler/pathology/pathology.html (1331 words)

	`Oxidation Inhibits Substrate Proteolysis by Calpain I but Not Autolysis -- Guttmann et al. 272 (3): 2005 -- Journal of ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In this study, the effects of oxidation on calpain I autolysis and calpain-mediated proteolysis were examined.
		In the absence of peroxide calpain undergoes rapid autolysis to
		A decrease in calpain I autolysis was observed with increasing
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/272/3/2005 (5354 words)

	Autolysis and Autoaggregation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Colony Morphology Mutants -- D'Argenio et al. 184 (23): 6481 -- ...
		Autolysis and Autoaggregation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Colony Morphology Mutants
		Autolysis visible as plaque-like clearings (darker zones) in areas of dense growth on LB agar after 18 h at 37°C (top row) or in toothpick-generated streaks after 18 h at 37°C followed by 6 days at 23°C (bottom row).
		In double-mutant strains, autolysis caused by an insertion in pqsL is suppressed by an insertion in PA0999 or PA2587.
	jb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/184/23/6481 (6880 words)

	Ch10
		At the point of death, the supply of oxygen to the muscle tissue is interrupted because the blood is no longer pumped by the heart and is not circulated through the gills where, in the living fish, it becomes enriched with oxygen.
		(1992) found that autolysis of the visceral cavity (belly-bursting) of herring was related more to physical handling practices than to biological factors such as fish size, amount of red feed in the gut or roe content.
		It is likely that this enzyme contributes more to autolysis of fish muscle than cathepsin D since it is far more active at neutral pH, and has been shown to digest both myofibrillar proteins (actomyosin) as well as connective tissue.
	www.fao.org /docrep/v7180e/V7180E0a.htm (3616 words)

	Opposing Roles of the Staphylococcus aureus Virulence Regulators, Agr and Sar, in Triton X-100- and Penicillin-Induced ...
		Triton X-100-induced autolysis was measured as the decline of optical density versus time and is expressed as the percent of the initial optical density.
		Autolysis was measured as the decline in culture turbidity versus time and is expressed as the percent of the initial Klett reading when penicillin was added.
		It should be noted that a previous study of factors affecting autolysis and murein hydrolase activity in S.
	jb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/180/14/3724 (2079 words)

	Proteolytic Digestion
		The presence of autolysis peptides can interfere in the MS analysis.
		Autolysis of trypsin can be prevented by addition of calcium; however, excess calcium in the reaction is normally not desired.
		There are no signals that correspond to autolysis peaks of trypsin in any of the spectra.
	www.chemistry.wustl.edu /~msf/damon/proteolytic_digest.html (607 words)

	World Intellectual Property Organization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Cell autolysis is a well- known process wherein the yeast cell is subjected to digestion by its own enzymes.
		A further drawback with autolysis is that the autolysis process is amenable only for use with living cells.
		Nonetheless, in some embodiments of the invention, autolysis or hydrolysis procedures may be employed in conjunction with the procedures heretofore described.
	www.wipo.int /ipdl/IPDL-CIMAGES/view/pct/getbykey5?KEY=05/16024.050224&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (5515 words)

	Auto-inactivation by cleavage within the dimer interface of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus protease.
		An autolysis site of functional and structural significance has been mapped within the dimer interface of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus protease.
		Cleavage 27 residues from the C terminus of the 230 amino acid residue, 25 kDa protein was observed to cause a loss of dimerization and proteolytic activity, even though no active site moieties were lost.
		Gel-filtration chromatography and analytical ultracentrifugation were used to analyze the changes in oligomerization upon autolysis.
	www.aegis.com /aidsline/1999/sep/A9990588.html (512 words)

	Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism - Calpain Mediates Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 4G Degradation During ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Immunoblots with antibodies against calpain I and eIF-4G were prepared from rat brain postmitochondrial supernatant incubated at 37°C with and without the addition of calcium and the calpain inhibitors calpastatin or MDL-28,170.
		To measure calpain I autolysis in rats, an affinity-purified polyclonal antibody was prepared against a 15-amino acid peptide corresponding to the N-terminal sequence of the rat calpain I catalytic subunit (Sorimachi et al., 1996).
		In vitro calpain I autolysis and eIF-4G degradation
	www.nature.com /jcbfm/journal/v18/n8/full/9590430a.html (3955 words)

	FIXATION and FIXATIVES © Woods and Ellis 2000
		Once tissues are removed from the body, they undergo a process of self-destruction or autolysis which is initiated soon after cell death by the action of intracellular enzymes causing the breakdown of protein and eventual liquefaction of the cell.
		Autolysis is independent of any bacterial action, retarded by cold, greatly accelerated at temperatures of about 30°C and almost inhibited by heating to 50°C. Autolysis is more severe in tissues which are rich in enzymes, such as the liver, brain and kidney, and is less rapid in tissues such as elastic fibre and collagen.
		Such bacteria may normally be present in the body during life such as the non-pathogenetic organisms present in the bowel, or may be present in diseased tissues at the time of death such as in septicaemia.
	home.primus.com.au /royellis/fix.htm (9964 words)

	Bioline International Official Site (site up-dated regularly)
		Effect of temperature on the autolysis yields of brewers’ and bakers’ yeasts.
		Effect of yeast concentration on the autolysis of bakers’ yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
		Autolysis yields, turbidity and nitrogen content of bakers’-brewers’ YE obtained by co-autolysis process.
	www.bioline.org.br /request?ej03023 (4177 words)

	Molecular analysis of the feline immunodeficiency virus protease: generation of a novel form of the protease by ...
		Four primary PR autolysis sites were blocked via substitution of either the P1 amino acid with a beta-branched amino acid or the P1' amino acid with lysine.
		An autolysis time course determined that blocking all four primary autolysis sites yielded a cleavage-resistant PR which was enzymatically stable.
		Concomitant with autolysis is the generation of an N-terminally truncated form of the PR (Thr6/PR) which has enhanced stability with respect to that of FIV PR.
	www.aegis.com /aidsline/1997/sep/M9791042.html (468 words)

	Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations
		Methods used in the investigation of the autolysis of DNA are described, and results obtained in the investigation of the effect of irradiation on the process in the bone marrow of rabbits are given.
		The DNA freed after irradiation because of loosening of its firm bond with protein is apparently subjected to increased autolysis.
		The incomplete autolysis of DNA is increased by a factor of more than 3 immediately after local irradiation with a dose of 2000 r, whereas the autolysis of RNA does not change.
	www.osti.gov /energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=4763315 (221 words)

	hist-brewing: mead ferment times, temperature, nutrients, pH, and more (long)
		To me the byproducts of autolysis tend to overwhelm the honey aroma and flavors.
		However, there are those that enjoy what they describe as the "toasty/yeasty" flavors associated with autolysis.
		To avoid autolysis I will often rack into a secondary while the mead is still vigorously fermenting if I think too large a yeast bed is forming and I get worried about autolysis.
	www.pbm.com /pipermail/hist-brewing/1999/001135.html (882 words)

	The energetic cost of induced fit catalysis: Crystal structures of trypsinogen mutants with enhanced activity and ...
		The autolysis loop is disordered in both structures, with electron density observed only for Trp141-Gly142 and Asp153.
		Nevertheless, it is clear that the autolysis loop has different conformations in the two structures as seen by the position of Gly142.
		The entire autolysis loop is observed in the trypsin structure.
	www.proteinscience.org /cgi/content/full/10/7/1331 (5227 words)

	Programmed Death in Bacteria -- Lewis 64 (3): 503 -- Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews
		Autolysis is a self-digestion of the cell wall by
		The obvious function of mother cell autolysis is to eliminate a barrier that could interfere with the outgrowth of a germinating
		Autolysis is activated by a decrease in proton
	mmbr.asm.org /cgi/content/full/64/3/503 (8494 words)

	Heparin-activated antithrombin interacts with the autolysis loop of target coagulation proteases -- Yang et al. 104 ...
		Heparin-activated antithrombin interacts with the autolysis loop of target coagulation proteases -- Yang et al.
		Role of basic residues of the autolysis loop in the catalytic function of factor Xa.
		Contribution of basic residues of the autolysis loop to the substrate and inhibitor specificity of factor IXa.
	www.bloodjournal.org /cgi/content/full/104/6/1753 (5100 words)

	Autolysis - Homedistiller (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The favorable process can occur in wines that are aged sur lie ("on the lees").
		Certain wines such as chardonnay or sauvignon blanc benefit from autolysis because they gain complexity during the process that enhances their structure and mouthfeel, give them extra body, and increase their aromatic complexity.
		Aging sur lie is usually done with an accompanying regime of periodic lees stirring that can result in a creamy, viscous mouthfeel.
	homedistiller.org /wiki/index.php/Autolysis (101 words)

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