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Topic: Autonomist Marxism

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	Autonomist Marxism: three themes, three critiques \| Workers' Liberty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		In some autonomist writing, however, the idea of workers' initiatives shaping capitalist development is stretched so far that it buries any close attention to class composition and the development of struggle beneath general enthusiasm for all "autonomous" rebellion.
		The redefinition had the immediate political advantage for the autonomists that they could continue to argue that the working class was still at revolutionary boiling-point even after their setbacks in the big factories.
		Autonomists have reinterpreted autonomy as meaning autonomy from unions and parties, or even autonomy from other sectors of the working class.
	www.workersliberty.org /modules.php?op=modload&name=News&file=article&sid=1576 (2328 words)

	anarchism and Marxism - Anarchopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		However, anarchism and Marxism have strong disagreements on issues including the nature of the state, the class structure of society, and the method of historical materialism.
		Marxism has a unique definition of the state: that the state is an organ of one class's repression of all other classes.
		Marxism uses a form of analysis of human societies called "historical materialism." At the crux of historical materialist analysis is the idea that people find themselves in a predetermined material world, and act to produce changes upon that world within the limits of what changes they can conceive of.
	eng.anarchopedia.org /anarchism_and_marxism (2224 words)

	Autonomist Marxism and the Information Society
		Autonomist Marxism, however, is concerned with the autonomy of humans, not machines.
		Negri’s work, and the larger matrix of autonomist Marxism out of which it grows, is important because it is one of the few surviving strands of Marxism to take the measure of high technology in terms of opportunities, not for capitalist consolidation, but for class struggle.
		This synoptic account of the Italian autonomist Marxism necessarily distorts its subject’s complex history : in particular it scants the relationship of the earlier Italian operaismo or ’workerism’ focussed around factory struggles of the industrial proletariat to the later currents merged in the broad social movement of autonomia.
	multitudes.samizdat.net /article.php3?id_article=1502 (11493 words)

	Harry Cleaver - Autonomist Marxism
		The term "autonomist" is used here to designate a dominant, though by no means the only, characteristic of this particular tradition: the emphasis on the autonomy of the working class in its struggle against capital as well as on the autonomy of various groups of workers vis ˆ vis others of their class.
		He notes how James has been outside the "mainstream" of Western Marxism partly by always insisting on the creativity and revolutionary potential of the working class, partly by his rejection of the Vanguard Party which was one of the reasons for his rupture with Trotskyism.
		The autonomist Marxist position on this issue, which has developed against the background of the social democratic or Marxist- Leninist party as the dominant forms of the party, has generally been highly critical of all such delegation of power to any kind of central organization.
	www.geocities.com /immateriallabour/cleaver-autonomist-marxism.html (14405 words)

	[G_O] more Holloway on Empire
		Autonomist Marxism came on the scene with a furious energy, which can be seen in the oft-quoted passage by Tronti: ‘We too have worked with a concept that puts capitalist development first, and workers second.
		Hardt and Negri insist that Empire is to be understood as a reaction to the struggles of the multitude.
		The relation between the two sides of the capitalist antagonism is treated as an external one, as is indicated, indeed, by the authors’ choice of the word ‘multitude’ to describe the opposition to capital, a term which has the grave disadvantage of losing all trace of the relation of dependence of capital upon labour.
	mail.kein.org /pipermail/generation_online/2002-October/000614.html (3928 words)

	[No title]
		It is this depth of analysis, coupled with other aspects of their theory, which along with their direct influence on the tradition of autonomist marxism which justifies the space they are accorded below.
		Marxism's tragic flaw, it is concluded, is its unwillingness to recognize the distinctiveness and independence of the individual.
		Since then, radical Marxism or Communism has generally ceased to be a prominent political force in global politics, and has largely been replaced by more moderate versions of democratic socialism—or, more commonly, by aggressively neoliberal capitalism.
	www.lycos.com /info/marxism--soviet-union.html (681 words)

	Texas Archives of Autonomist Marxism
		As a byproduct of a long term research project, these archives include whatever materials I have found to be of interest in exploring both the history of thinking about workers autonomy and possible ways of elaborating such theory and pratice.
		The various elements of the Marxist tradition that I am calling "autonomist" have been largely outside the mainstreams of Marxism, alien and critical of both orthodox Marxism (Leninist, Trotskyist, Maoist) and Critical theory (Frankfurt School, etc) for neglecting the self-activity of workers in favor of the study of capitalist power.
		In the course of my research on these traditions of "autonomist" Marxism I have written a few things which have dealth with various aspects of this approach to Marxist theory and politics and compiled an annotated reading list for teaching purposes.
	www.eco.utexas.edu /faculty/Cleaver/txarchintro.html (639 words)

	From Operaismo to 'Autonomist Marxism'
		The 'autonomist Marxist' argument seems to be that, in conditions of the 'social factory', the middle classes are just a sector of the working class.
		The 'autonomist Marxism' of Cleaver and those close to his perspective argues that we need to acknowledge the validity of diverse and 'hidden' struggles (absenteeism, theft at work, various forms of work to rule etc.) which are alive and well, despite the decline of the older forms of overt collective resistance.
		Cleaver's identification of a thing with the label 'autonomist Marxism' is ideological in that it is partial and attempts to close off rather than open up a pathway to its own self-critique.
	www.geocities.com /aufheben2/auf_11_operaismo.html (14254 words)

	Marxism-Leninism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It involves subscribing to the teachings and legacy of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels (Marxism), and that of Lenin.
		After Lenin's death, his ideology and contributions to Marxist theory were termed "Marxism-Leninism," or sometimes only "Leninism." Marxism-Leninism soon became the official name for the ideology of the Comintern and of communist parties around the world.
		Trotskyists in particular believe that Stalinism contradicted authentic Marxism and Leninism, and they intitially used the term "Bolshevik-Leninism" to describe their own ideology of anti-Stalinist and anti-Maoist communism.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Marxism-Leninism (809 words)

	Libertarian Marxism's relation to anarchism - by Wayne Price \| NEFAC (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Mainstream Marxism sees the historical process rolling on in an automatic way, stage following stage, antithesis following thesis, until capitalism has reached its final stage (optimistically referred to as "late capitalism" or "the last stage of capitalism"), to be inexorably followed by socialism and then communism.
		In particular, Marxism shows the connection between the functioning of capitalism and the development of a working class capable of self-activity, moving toward the creation of a revolutionary socialist society.
		But Marxism, as Marxism, is not just a collection of concepts, which can be taken or left in bits.
	www.nefac.net /node/1156 (3155 words)

	Autonomist Marxism \| Workers' Liberty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		An interview with Beverly Silver about her book Forces Of Labor, which we studied in the Brisbane Workers' Liberty study group of 2005, and which we will be studying at the AWL day schools in London and Sheffield on 1 October 2005.
		"Autonomist" Marxism is influential in the new anti-capitalist generation.
		Marx, Negri and working-class autonomy: a discussion of "autonomist" Marxism and its relevance in the new anti-capitalist movements of today.
	www.workersliberty.org /taxonomy/term/308 (274 words)

	An Interview with Harry Cleaver (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		What gives meaning to the concept of "autonomist Marxism" as a particular tradition is the fact that we can identify, within the larger Marxist tradition, a variety of movements, politics and thinkers who have emphasized the autonomous power of workers--autonomous from capital, from their official organizations (e.g.
		An autonomist Marxist analysis, by contrast, which began with an assessment of the current crisis of capitalism in terms of the failure of previous capitalist strategies to contain and instrumentalize workers' power would provide such a point of departure.
		In Italy, the omnipresence of the Left and its ideological and organizational influence meant that the development and influence of autonomist theory was much more integral to the development of the class struggles of the 1960s and 1970s, and many more activists who thought of themselves and conceptualized their struggles in explicitly Marxist terms.
	www.phillyraan.net /cleaverinterview.html (8130 words)

	Libertarian socialism - Article from FactBug.org - the fast Wikipedia mirror site (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Nonetheless, libertarian Marxist tendencies such as autonomist Marxism and council communism have historically been intertwined with the anarchist movement.
		Autonomist Marxism and situationism are also regarded as being anti-authoritarian variants of Marxism that are firmly within the libertarian socialist tradition.
		The central argument of council communism, in contrast to those of Social democracy and Leninist communism, is that workers' councils arising in the factories and municipalities are the natural form of working class organisation and state power.
	www.factbug.org /cgi-bin/a.cgi?a=18048 (4899 words)

	Communism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Whereas for Hegel the unfolding of this ethical life in history is mainly driven by the realm of ideas, for Marx, communism emerged from material, especially the development of the means of production.
		Marxism holds that a process of class conflict and revolutionary struggle will result in victory for the proletariat and the establishment of a communist society in which private ownership is abolished over time and the means of production and subsistence belong to the community.
		There have also been more direct criticisms of Marxism, such as criticisms of the labor theory of value or Marx's predictions.
	www.knowledgehunter.info /wiki/Communism (4180 words)

	Autonomist Marxism
		Autonomist theory and practice is an exceptionally varied antagonistic tradition that emerges out of a conflict between not only the working class and capital, but between the working class and its “official” representatives, the communist party and the labour movement.
		Beginning in the post-war Italy under the name operaismo (literally, “workerism”, but later known primarily in English as “autonomist” thought), the tradition focuses on the ability of the working class to be potentially autonomous, that is, to self-organize outside of the logic of capitalist command.
		For this reason rather than beginning (as many forms of Marxism have) from the analysis of capital itself, the defining feature of the autonomist tradition is that it begins with the social composition and unmediated struggles of the working class itself in order to better understand how it can better achieve this self-organization.
	www.affinityproject.org /traditions/autonomousmarxism.html (607 words)

	[No title]
		In this sense autonomist Marxism is a philosophy of pragmatics.
		Autonomists have interpreted them as the development of needs and desires that went beyond those that could be provided by the post war settlement.
		What autonomist Marxism can do is identify the scars that projects of self-valorisation bear from their birth within capitalism.
	www.uncarved.org /music/apunk/autonomia.html (6194 words)

	Green Left - Resistance!: Three flaws in autonomist Marxism
		The debate between Marxists and autonomist Marxists has revolved around three points: labour and the role of the working class in struggle, how revolutionaries should approach the state and whether we need a revolutionary party.
		Cleaver argues that Resistance suffers from a “stubborn refusal to recognize students and women and their struggles as moments of the working class” and that “the insistence on limiting the application of that August title to waged workers not only reeks of Marxist orthodoxy but blinds one to actual class dynamics”.
		Autonomist Marxism falls into the anarchism camp by its rejection of state power” as a key goal for the revolutionary movement.
	www.greenleft.org.au /1999/387/17966 (1146 words)

	Red & Black Forum on Anti-Capitalist Currents - Sydney 2001
		Sergio Fiedler presented the fundamentals of the autonomist perspective (which I hope I represent here with some degree of accuracy): Autonomism stresses that the class struggle between worker and capitalist is central to the history of capitalism, and that workers develop forms of organisation that parallel technical and managerial developments in the forces of production.
		Autonomist analysis thus seeks to emphasise the development of class composition which it sees as taking place through seemingly ever-recurring cycles of composition, decomposition, recomposition, etc., in response to technical change brought about by the bosses.
		Post-industrialism and post-fordism are ideological devices that bourgeois management experts have harnessed to con workers into participating in their own exploitation via the use of 'associative democracy' in decentralised 'self-managed teams', etc. The concept of mass organisation amongst workers is also scoffed at by proponents of post-industrialism and post-fordism as belonging to a bygone age.
	www.takver.com /history/meetings/c2001syd.htm (2886 words)

	[No title]
		We are critical of some of the conclusions which the Midnight Notes collective have drawn from their autonomist Marxism, but have learnt a lot from their method.
		Up til now, the autonomists were the Brian Cohens of the revolutionary movement -- they always looked on the bright side of life.
		Indeed it is; it is also plain Marxism, as they seem to recognize when they write of "a deeper categorical failure of Marxist understanding of the Enclosures that remains central to Marxism to this day".
	www.againstsleepandnightmare.com /wildcat/w17-autonomists.html (2089 words)

	Autonomism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Those who describe themselves as autonomists now vary from workerist Marxists to post-structuralists and (some) anarchists.
		The Italian autonomist movement engaged itself in various direct action operations, including riots and sometimes bank robberies, along with more peaceful activities such as self reduction, in which individuals refused to pay for such services and goods as public transport, electricity, gas, rent, and food.
		The Autonomist Marxist and Autonomen movements provided inspiration to some on the revolutionary left in English speaking countries, particularly among anarchists, many of whom have have adopted autonomist tactics.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Autonomist_Marxism (2357 words)

	book title
		Autonomist marxism was a political tendency which privileged themes - self-organization, construction of identity, grassroots politics, subjects in struggle - which in many ways can be seen as the precursor of today's debates around social movements and popular direct action protest.
		Emphasizing the dynamic nature of class struggle as the distinguishing feature of autonomist thought, Wright explores the manner in which its understanding of class politics developed alongside emerging social movements.
		Offering a critical and historical exploration of the tendency's emergence in post-war Italy, "Storming Heaven" moves beyond the crisis of traditional analytical frameworks on the left, and assesses the strengths and limitations of autonomist Marxism as first developed by Antonio Negri, Mario Tronti, Sergio Bologna and others.
	www.lib.monash.edu.au /collections/monash-authors/2002/0745316069.html (243 words)

	Una Faq Anarchica :: Domande e Risposte sull'Anarchia : Afaq - A 44 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		For an Autonomist whose ideas are closer to anarchism, we need to turn to the US thinker and activist who has written the one of the best summaries of Kropotkin's ideas in which he usefully indicates the similarities between anarcho-communism and Autonomist Marxism ("Kropotkin, Self-valorisation and the Crisis of Marxism," Anarchist Studies, vol.
		For Cleaver, "autonomist Marxism" as generic name for a variety of movements, politics and thinkers who have emphasized the autonomous power of workers -- autonomous from capital, obviously, but also from their official organisations (e.g.
		For Autonomists, the creation of communism is not something that comes later but is something which is repeatedly created by current developments of new forms of working class self-activity.
	afaq.revolt.org /pmwiki.php/Afaq/A44 (2230 words)

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