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	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Autonomous oblasts of Russia
		Flag of Astrakhan Oblast Astrakhan Oblast (Russian:, Astrakhanskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), with an area of 44,100 kmÂ², and a population of 1,005,276 (according to the 2002 Census).
		Sakhalin Oblast on the map of Russia Flag of Sakhalin Oblast Sakhalin Oblast (Russian:, Sakhalinskaya Oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).
		Koryak Autonomous Okrug (Russian:), or Koryakia, is a federal subject of Russia (an autonomous okrug of Kamchatka Oblast).
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Autonomous-oblasts-of-Russia (3131 words)

	Autonomous oblasts of Russia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Russian Federation is divided into 88 subjects (administrative units), one of which is an autonomous oblast (autonomous province):
		On January 1, 2007, Evenk and Taymyr Autonomous Okrugs will be merged into Krasnoyarsk Krai.
		On January 1, 2008, Ust-Orda Buryat Autonomous Okrug will be merged into Irkutsk Oblast.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Autonomous_Oblasts_of_Russia (104 words)

	[No title]
		The Gorniy Badakhshan Autonomous Oblast is an integral and indivisible part of the Republic of Tajikistan.
		The president appoints and removes from office the judges of the Military Court, courts of Gorniy Badakhshan Autonomous Oblast, oblasts, the city of Dushanbe, towns, and rayons by proposals of the minister of justice.
		The Constitutional Court consists of seven judges, one of whom is a representative of the Gorniy Badakhshan Autonomous Oblast.
	www.eurasianet.org /departments/election/tajikistan/tajcon.html (5575 words)

	Autonomous Republic of Crimea
		The Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (1921) was created due to the joint Decree of the all union Central Executive Committee and Council of Public Commissars "in borders of the Crimean peninsula" and was part of the structure of the Russian Socialist Federal Soviet Republic.
		By this act, the legislative body of the autonomous Republic of Crimea violated the Constitution of the Ukraine, its legislation in force, including the Law of Ukraine `On the Delimination of Powers between the State Power Authorities of Ukraine and the Republic of Crimea' of 29 April 1992.
		A Constitution of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea was adopted on 01 November 1995.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/ukraine/arc.htm (689 words)

	Russia - Minority Peoples and Their Territories
		The Adygh (or Adygey) Autonomous Oblast was established in 1922 as part of Krasnoyarsk Territory; between 1922 and 1928, it was known as the Cherkess (Adygh) Autonomous Oblast.
		In 1924 North Ossetia became an autonomous region of the Soviet Union; in 1936 it was declared an autonomous republic.
		The autonomous oblast of Mari was established in 1920; an autonomous republic was designated in 1936.
	countrystudies.us /russia/34.htm (6057 words)

	Russia Minority Peoples and Their Territories
		Three Soviet-era autonomous oblasts (Gorno-Altay, Adygea, and Karachayevo-Cherkessia) were granted republic status under the Federation Treaty of 1992, which established the respective powers of the central and republic governments.
		The republic was established in 1920 as an autonomous oblast.
		In 1920 Chuvashia became an autonomous oblast, and in 1925 it was redesignated an autonomous republic.
	www.country-studies.com /russia/minority-peoples-and-their-territories.html (6057 words)

	Ancestral ROLL Family - Villages of our Forefathers
		Autonomous oblast A territorial and administrative subdivision of a union republic or of a krai in the Russian Republic, created to grant a degree of autonomy to a national minority within that krai or union republic.
		Autonomous okrug (pl., okruga) A territorial and administrative subdivision of a krai or oblast in the Russian Republic that granted a degree of administrative autonomy to a nationality; usually found in large, remote areas of sparse population.
		A rural raion was a county-sized district in a krai, oblast, autonomous republic, autonomous okrug, or union republic.
	www.rollintl.com /roll/towns.htm (1514 words)

	HighBeam Encyclopedia â“ Free Online Encyclopedia for Reference, Research, Facts
		Each area with a predominantly Russian population is constituted as a territory (kray) or region (oblast); non-Russian nationalities are constituted, in descending order of importance, as republics, autonomous regions (oblasts), and autonomous areas (okrugs).
		Oblasts and krays are roughly equivalent to provinces.
		After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, all of the former autonomous republics of the RSFSR were raised to full republic status, and four of the autonomous regions (Adygey, Altai, Karachay-Cherkess, and Khakass) were made full republics as well.
	www.encyclopedia.com /printable.aspx?id=1E1:russia (6887 words)

	Russia Adoption Blog - The Regions, Altai, Arkhangelsk, Astrakhan, Chelyabinsk, Ivanovo, Jewish Autonomous Region ...
		Chelyabinsk Oblast is at the crossroads of the European and Asian sides of Russia, at the foot of the Urals mountains.
		It borders the Komi Republic, and the Bashkortostan, Udmurtia, Kirovskaya and Sverdlovskaya Oblasts.
		It is bordered by Omsk and Tomsk oblasts, Kemerovo Oblast and Altai Krai.
	russia.adoptionblogs.com /index.php?cat=646 (1687 words)

	Barentsinfo : Ulapland.fi/Kotisivut/Barents portal/Barents region/Administration/Administration in Russia
		The Federation comprises 21 Autonomous Republics, 1 Autonomous Oblast, 49 Oblasts, 6 Krays, and 10 Autonomous Okrugs.
		The Nenets Autonomous Okrug belongs formally to Arkhangelsk Oblast, but is, at the same time, one of the 87 administrative units of the Russian Federation.
		The Autonomous Region of Komi was founded in 1921, and in 1936 it was changed into the Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic of Komi.
	www.barentsinfo.org /?deptid=14889 (1747 words)

	Law on the Judicial System of the RSFSR
		Krai, oblast and city courts, courts of the autonomous oblast and courts of the autonomous okrug shall be elected by the corresponding Council of People's Deputies, consisting of the chairman, deputy chairmen, members of the court and lay judges, for a period of five years.
		Court collegia for civil cases and court collegia for criminal cases of krai, oblast and city courts and courts of autonomous oblasts and courts of autonomous okrugs shall be approved by the presidium of the court from among the judges of the corresponding court.
		The structure and number of staff of the administration of a krai, oblast or city court, court of an autonomous oblast or court of an autonomous okrug shall be approved by the Minister of Justice of the RSFSR upon a submission from the chairman of the relevant court.
	www.therussiasite.org /legal/laws/rsfsrcourtsystemlaw.html (10367 words)

	Russian Far East Fisheries Management (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Initially, the main difference between krais and oblasts was in the presence of one or more political subdivisions based on nationality groups in the form of autonomous oblasts, autonomous okrugs or both, which were located within the territory of krais.
		All autonomous okrugs are assigned to large areas of sparse population in Siberia, the Far East, and the northern regions of Russia.
		Third was Sevryba representing Murmansk and Arkhangelsk oblast, and the Republic of Karelia (Stokke 1995) with fisheries in the northeast Atlantic and Barents Sea.
	russia.shaps.hawaii.edu /fishing/country/russia/fish-rfe-all.html (18930 words)

	Russia - Local and Regional Government
		Under the 1993 constitution, the republics, territories, oblasts, autonomous oblast, autonomous regions, and cities of federal designation are held to be "equal in their relations with the federal agencies of state power"; this language represents an attempt to end the complaints of the nonrepublic jurisdictions about their inferior status.
		Despite constitutional language equalizing the regional jurisdictions in their relations with the center, vestiges of Soviet-era multitiered federalism remain in a number of provisions, including those allowing for the use of non-Russian languages in the republics but not in other jurisdictions, and in the definitions of the five categories of subunit.
		Under the power given him in 1991 to appoint the chief executives of territories, oblasts, autonomous regions, and the autonomous oblast, Yeltsin had appointed virtually all of the sixty-six leaders of those jurisdictions.
	countrystudies.us /russia/72.htm (2242 words)

	Local Government - Government - Russia - Europe
		The autonomous region is the Jewish Autonomous Region.
		The republics, okrugs, and autonomous region are direct successors to ethnic units established during the Soviet period, with the exception of Chechnya and Ingushetia, which were combined as a single Chechen-Ingush autonomous republic.
		In late 1990 the term autonomous was dropped from the names of the republics, and in July 1991 four of the five autonomous oblasts became republics.
	www.countriesquest.com /europe/russia/government/local_government.htm (691 words)

	The Constitution of the Russian Federation adopted on December 12, 1993 referendum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		On a submission from legislative and executive bodies of an autonomous oblast or autonomous okrug, a federal law concerning an autonomous oblast or autonomous okrug may be adopted.
		Relations among autonomous okrugs within krays and oblasts may be regulated by federal law or by a treaty between State government bodies of the autonomous okrug and, accordingly, State government bodies of the kray or oblast.
		In the event of a change in the name of a republic, kray, oblast, city of federal significance, autonomous oblast or autonomous okrug the new name of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation shall be included in Article 65 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
	www.eng.yabloko.ru /Programme/constitution.html (11457 words)

	Constitution of Russia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		The status of a kray, oblast, city of federal significance, autonomous oblast, and autonomous okrug is determined by the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the charter of the kray, oblast, city of federal significance, autonomous oblast, and autonomous okrug adopted by the legislative (representative) organ of the relevant component of the Russian Federation.
		A federal law on the autonomous oblast or an autonomous okrug can be adopted upon submission by the legislative and executive organs of the autonomous oblast or autonomous okrug.
		The relations of the autonomous okrugs forming part of a kray or oblast can be regulated by a federal law and treaty between the organs of state power of an autonomous okrug and, accordingly, by the organs of state power of a kray or oblast.
	www.uta.edu /cpsees/RUSCON.htm (10102 words)

	TacVol1:6_1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		For example, 40% of republican centres were allocated to the first group, while this figure for oblast's (kray's) centres and cities of oblast's (kray's, republican) jurisdiction was 16% and 11%, respectively.
		Analysis of tendencies in the dynamics of banking centres number in 1993-95 shows that there is decrease of their number both in the country in general and in majority of regions.
		In some regions (for example, Karelia, Ryazan, Tula oblasts) the number of banking centres declined down to 1, so that all banking system of oblast is controlled by either the banks of oblast's (republican) centre, or by external (as a rule, Moscow-based) banks.
	www.exin.ru /tacis/vol1_en/chap6_1.html (1887 words)

	Foreign mass media: The Dog That Didn't Bark: Tatarstan and Asymmetrical Federalism ...
		The Republic of Tatarstan (or the Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, as it was officially designated in the Soviet period) is located some 450 miles east of Moscow and west of the Ural mountains in the Volga-Urals region of central Russia.
		Autonomous republics and autonomous formations are a part of union republics on the basis of the free self-determination of peoples, and they possess all state power on their territory, with the exception of the powers they have transferred to the jurisdiction of the USSR and union republics.[32]
		Gorbachev, Yeltsin, and the leaders of the RSFSR's autonomous republics then met again and reaffirmed the latters' "sovereignty," and in a compromise formulation, they agreed that the avtonomii would be parties to the Union Treaty as constituent units of both the USSR and the RSFSR.
	www.kcn.ru /tat_en/politics/dfa/f_media/tatar.htm (18271 words)

	Ukraine: Report: Part II: Analytic Section: cont. 1
		The oblasts are consolidated in regions upon their territorial attribute, that enables to emphasize their certain educational and cultural differences generated as a result of historical social and economic development.
		In the rest of regions and oblasts of Ukraine the reduction of children scope by pre-school education is less, except for Autonomous Republic of Crimea (45,6 per cent), Odessa and Kirovograd oblasts (more than 40 per cent).
		In Chernivtsi oblast most parents choose a three-year course, that's why the parameter of 6-9 year old' age group is smaller, than in Khmel'nyts'kyi oblast.
	www2.unesco.org /wef/countryreports/ukraine/rapport_2_0.htm (5547 words)

	Caucasus Foundation
		The Karachai Autonomous Okrug was established in 1920.
		The Karachai and Cherkess Autonomous Oblasts were merged to form the Karachai-Cherkess Autonomous Oblast in accordance with Stalin's strategy of joining unrelated ethnic groups into administrative units to divide and conquer any resistance.
		The Oblasts repeatedly changed name and status during the frequent reshuffling of the peoples of the North Caucasus region.
	www.kafkas.org.tr /english/bgkafkas/bukaf_karcer.html (552 words)

	ArcheoBiblioBase: Archives in Russia: Table of contents
		[Division of Cultural Heritage and Archives of the Ministry of Culture of Kaliningrad Oblast]
		[Commitee for Archival Affairs of the Administration of Governor of Nizhnii Novgorod Oblast]
		[Division for Archival Affairs of the Administration of Koriak Autonomous Okrug]
	www.iisg.nl /~abb/rusfed.html (2515 words)

	Russia - Search View - ninemsn Encarta
		The Russian Federation today comprises 89 territorial units: 21 republics, 9 autonomous okrugs (areas), 7 krays (territories), 49 oblasts (regions), 1 autonomous oblast, and 2 federal cities (Moscow and St Petersburg) with oblast status.
		The Kaliningrad oblast (formerly Königsberg in East Prussia) is separated from the rest of Russia by Belarus and Lithuania.
		The principal natural-gas deposits are in the Tyumen oblast of western Siberia, on the border with Kazakhstan; in the Orenburg oblast of south-western Russia; in the Komi republic of north-eastern European Russia; and the Yakutia (Sakha) republic in the Siberian north-east.
	au.encarta.msn.com /text_761569000__1/Russia.html (20643 words)

	AllRefer.com - Russia - The Russians - Minority Peoples and Their Territories \| Russian Information Resource
		The Buryats of southern Siberia, for example, were divided among the Buryat Autonomous Republic a nd Chita and Irkutsk oblasts, which were created to the east and west of the republic, respectively; that population division remains in the post-Soviet era.
		Of the sixteen autonomous republics that existed in Russia at the time of the Soviet Union's breakup, one (the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Republic) split into two in 1992, with Chechnya subsequently declaring full independence as the Republic of Chechny a and with Ingushetia gaining recognition as a separate republic of the Russian Federation.
		Three Soviet-era autonomous oblasts (Gorno-Altay, Adygea, and Karachayevo-Cherkessia) were granted republic status under the Federation Treaty of 1992, which estab lished the respective powers of the central and republic governments.
	reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/russia/russia70.html (1018 words)

	Sovereignty after Empire: Peaceworks: Publications: U.S. Institute of Peace
		Autonomous oblasts (provinces) and okrugs (districts) were created in the 1920s and 1930s to give political recognition to most important ethnic minority groups.
		Holding a status below the union republics in the Soviet hierarchical system, the autonomous territories had a relatively limited set of rights that constrained their freedom of action, especially since they found themselves under the control of another ethnic group, despite a long struggle for a change in their status.
		Even if this aspect of the self-determination debate were settled, established principles of international law pose a much more fundamental problem in the realization of the concept: the contradiction between the principle of self-determination and the principle of inviolable borders of sovereign states (i.e., the maintenance of a state's territorial integrity).
	www.usip.org /pubs/peaceworks/pwks19/chap2_19.html (3387 words)

	Soviet Union (former) Administrative-Political-Territorial Divisions - Flags, Maps, Economy, History, Climate, Natural ...
		Fourteen other major nationalities also have their own republics: in the European part are the Lithuanian, Latvian, Estonian, Belorussian, Ukrainian, and Moldavian republics; the Georgian, Azerbaydzhan, and Armenian republics occupy the Caucasus; and Soviet Central Asia is home to the Kazakh, Uzbek, Turkmen, Kirgiz, and Tadzhik republics (see Nationalities of the Soviet Union, ch.
		In terms of political and administrative authority, the more than 130 oblasts and autonomous oblasts resemble to a limited degree counties in the United States.
		For example, Tyumenskaya Oblast, the storehouse of Soviet fuels, is only slightly smaller than Alaska (see Fuels, ch.
	www.photius.com /countries/soviet_union_former/geography/soviet_union_former_geography_administrative_polit~11122.html (368 words)

	Preamble
		To appoint and dismiss the judges of the military courts, courts of Gornyy Badakhshan Autonomous Oblast, oblasts, city of Dushanbe, towns, and rayons at the proposal of the justice minister;
		The president is to appoint and dismiss chairmen of the Gornyy Badakhshan Autonomous Oblast, oblasts, city of Dushanbe, towns, and rayons and to propose them for approval to the relevant assemblies of people's deputies.
		Article 86 The president appoints and removes from office the judges of the Military Court, courts of Gornyy Badakhshan Autonomous Oblast, oblasts, the city of Dushanbe, towns, and rayons by proposals of the minister of justice.
	www.cmseducation.org /wconsts/tajikistan.html (5781 words)

	Wikinfo \| Russia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Main articles: Subdivisions of Russia, Federal districts of Russia, Federal subjects of Russia, Republics of Russia, Oblasts of Russia, Krais of Russia, Autonomous Oblasts of Russia, Autonomous Districts of Russia, Federal cities of Russia.
		The remaining territory consists of 49 oblasts (provinces) and 6 krais (territories), in which are found 10 autonomous okrugs (autonomous districts) and 1 autonomous oblast.
		Via the straits that lie within Denmark, and between it and Sweden, the Baltic connects to the North Sea and the oceans to its west and north.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Russia (2208 words)

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