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Topic: Auxiliaries (Roman military)

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The Roman Army Page With the spread of Roman citizenship among the population of the conquered territories the auxilia were increasingly recruiting citizens into the ranks, blurring the original division between peregrine auxiliaries and citizen legionaries. Redeployment of units and the Roman practice of local recruitment of replacements meant that the ethnic titles borne by formations did not reflect the actual origins of its soldiers. These men were partly directly recruited from the Roman knights or the city councilmembers, but the greater part of the centurions had previously served as soldiers and NCO's in the legions or the praetorian cohorts. members.tripod.com /~S_van_Dorst/legio.html   (4085 words)

Index Although the main emphasis is on the Roman military, members are encouraged to pursue their own interests within the Society and our displays consequently cover many aspects of Roman life from religion and medicine to food, engineering and naval warfare. The RMRS is a research and re-enactment group specialising in recreating the Roman Army and Roman life during the latter part of the first century A.D. In particular, we represent a detachment of the Fourteenth Legion, Gemina Martia Victrix, one of the most famous units of the Roman army in Britain and its associated auxiliaries. The ' schools' page is now up and running with details of members who are available to visit your school and who provide an unforgettable 'hands on' experience of Roman military life for your pupils from Year 3 to Year 13. www.romanarmy.net   (4085 words)

Index The RMRS is a research and re-enactment group specialising in recreating the Roman Army and Roman life during the latter part of the first century A.D. In particular, we represent a detachment of the Fourteenth Legion, Gemina Martia Victrix, one of the most famous units of the Roman army in Britain and its associated auxiliaries. Although the main emphasis is on the Roman military, members are encouraged to pursue their own interests within the Society and our displays consequently cover many aspects of Roman life from religion and medicine to food, engineering and naval warfare. If you require information as to the history, organisation, equipment and lifestyle of the Roman army please visit our military page which should help you find what you need as it contains links to sections on the Republican army, the army of the Principate and the military of the later Empire. www.romanarmy.net   (538 words)

Rosemary Sutcliff, Roman Britain historical novels Aquila is a Cohort Commander in the Roman Auxiliaries when his formal military service is cut short by a severe wound received during a British uprising at Isca Dumnonorium (modern Exeter). Aquila, a young cavalry officer in the Roman Auxiliaries, is faced with an agonized choice. Their commander is Alexios Flavius Aquila, a disgraced soldier cashiered out of the regular army for abandoning a fort on the Danube in the face of a barbarian attack. www.greenmanreview.com /book/book_sutcliff_romanbritain.html   (538 words)

Imperial Roman Legion Suggested Reading List Roman Military Clothing (1) 100 BC-AD 200 ( Men-at-Arms 374) -- The armour and weapons of Rome's legionaries and auxiliaries have been the subject of intense research and speculation, and much has been published - but almost nothing on the actual clothing of Imperial soldiers. Roman Military Clothing (2) AD 200-400 ( Men-at-Arms 250) -- The armour and weapons of the Roman army have long been the subject of intense research and speculation. Roman Army from Caesar to Trajan -- Although the common Roman fighting men themselves have left no account, much literature has survived from antiquity. ww.reenactor.net /Ancient/roman/rom-readlist.htm   (538 words)

The Roman Army Page With the spread of Roman citizenship among the population of the conquered territories the auxilia were increasingly recruiting citizens into the ranks, blurring the original division between peregrine auxiliaries and citizen legionaries. Under the empire such units became a privilege reserved for the emperor under whose auspicia all military operations were conducted. Redeployment of units and the Roman practice of local recruitment of replacements meant that the ethnic titles borne by formations did not reflect the actual origins of its soldiers. members.tripod.com /~S_van_Dorst/legio.html   (4085 words)

The Roman Army Page With the spread of Roman citizenship among the population of the conquered territories the auxilia were increasingly recruiting citizens into the ranks, blurring the original division between peregrine auxiliaries and citizen legionaries. Redeployment of units and the Roman practice of local recruitment of replacements meant that the ethnic titles borne by formations did not reflect the actual origins of its soldiers. The status of the sailors and marines of the Roman navy is somewhat unclear, though the fleet is generally regarded as the least prestigious branch of service. members.tripod.com /~S_van_Dorst/legio.html   (4085 words)

background In September 9 AD an army of three Roman legions with supporting units of cavalry and auxiliaries, around 20,000 men in all, was annihilated in a running battle which lasted for three days. A combination of Roman military artefacts and coins dating to 9 AD indicate that the Kalkriese site is, at least, one associated with the battle. The loss of the Varian Legions was a massive psychological blow to the Roman Empire and, after 9 AD, the Romans gave up their plans to hold Germania and withdrew to the west bank of the Rhine. www.geocities.com /Paris/Salon/2385/background.html   (1249 words)

The Roman Army Page With the spread of Roman citizenship among the population of the conquered territories the auxilia were increasingly recruiting citizens into the ranks, blurring the original division between peregrine auxiliaries and citizen legionaries. The status of the sailors and marines of the Roman navy is somewhat unclear, though the fleet is generally regarded as the least prestigious branch of service. The total strength of the Roman navy is not known with any exactitude, though it was reportedly some 40.000 strong during the reign of Diocletian. members.tripod.com /~S_van_Dorst/legio.html   (4085 words)

The Roman Army Page With the spread of Roman citizenship among the population of the conquered territories the auxilia were increasingly recruiting citizens into the ranks, blurring the original division between peregrine auxiliaries and citizen legionaries. Under the empire such units became a privilege reserved for the emperor under whose auspicia all military operations were conducted. In the imperial army the total numerical strength of the various auxiliary formations was roughly comparable to that of the legionary troops. members.tripod.com /~S_van_Dorst/legio.html   (4085 words)

The Roman Army Page With the spread of Roman citizenship among the population of the conquered territories the auxilia were increasingly recruiting citizens into the ranks, blurring the original division between peregrine auxiliaries and citizen legionaries. These men were partly directly recruited from the Roman knights or the city councilmembers, but the greater part of the centurions had previously served as soldiers and NCO's in the legions or the praetorian cohorts. Redeployment of units and the Roman practice of local recruitment of replacements meant that the ethnic titles borne by formations did not reflect the actual origins of its soldiers. members.tripod.com /~S_van_Dorst/legio.html   (4085 words)

Roman Military Diploma Museum: Introduction Roman soldiers (legionaries and auxiliaries) could not get married during their military service, and mostly they were too young when enlisted to already be married. Roman Military Diplomas (or better citizenship diplomas, diplomata) are in some way the "greencards" of Roman times (green also being the dominating color of their bronze patina). During the 1st and 2nd centuries - before the wider impact of citizenship grants to veterans created a sufficient supply of women with Roman citizenship even in the remotest limes areas - a soldier was likely to marry a non-citizen woman. www.romancoins.info /MilitaryDiploma1a.html   (3112 words)

The Roman Army Page With the spread of Roman citizenship among the population of the conquered territories the auxilia were increasingly recruiting citizens into the ranks, blurring the original division between peregrine auxiliaries and citizen legionaries. Redeployment of units and the Roman practice of local recruitment of replacements meant that the ethnic titles borne by formations did not reflect the actual origins of its soldiers. The power of the Roman emperors rested on their control of massive armed forces, paid for out of the emperor's privy purse and bound to him by an oath of personal allegiance. members.tripod.com /~S_van_Dorst/legio.html   (4085 words)

PROVINCIAE BRITANNIAE The Welsh tribes fared very badly under Rome, however, and aside from the Silures, who had their civitas capital at Caerwent, joined perhaps by the Demetae who were possibly represented by the vicus at Carmarthen, the majority of Wales seems to have been under military rule. The revolt of Civilis had been quickly smashed by the Flavian general Petillius Cerialis, who was immediately shipped out to Britain to replace Bolanus and suppress the revolt, aided by a huge contingent of auxiliaries and a new legion, the Second Adiutrix which he stationed at Lincoln. The newly-formed province was surrounded on three sides by 'client kingdoms'; the Iceni in Norfolk, the Regni in Sussex, and the Brigantes in the North of England. www.roman-britain.org /province.htm   (4085 words)

Roman Emperors - DIR Trajan The war was one which required all his military abilities and all the engineering and discipline for which the Roman army was renowned. In the late fourth century, when the Roman Empire had dramatically changed in character from what it had been in Trajan's time, each new emperor was hailed with the prayer, felicior Augusto, melior Traiano, "may he be luckier than Augustus and better than Trajan." [[32]] That reputation has essentially survived into the present day. Preparations for a great campaign were under way, particularly with transfers of legions and their attendant auxiliaries from Germany and Britain and other provinces and the establishment of two new ones, II Traiana and XXX Ulpia, which brought the total muster to 30, the highest number yet reached in the empire's history. www.roman-emperors.org /trajan.htm   (4312 words)

Rome total war - A fan site by Matt Walker The changes introduced by Gaius Marius meant that professional auxiliaries were recruited to serve alongside the now-professional legionaries; a wholesale shake-up of the Roman military machine saw the whole army being put on a full time, service-for-life footing, with auxiliaries being rewarded with Roman citizenship at the end of their military careers. Historically, Marius put the Roman army on a professional footing, and abandoned all property and age requirements in the process. Velites are recruited from younger citizens, who lack the experience (or the money for their own gear) to fight as hastati or other heavy infantry. www.freewebs.com /rome-totalwar/theromanfaction.htm   (4115 words)

redump.emubase.de - LSD Docs To give you a military advantage, you have at your disposal the incomparable Roman Citizen LEGIONARIES, reinforced by mobile AUXILIARIES and static Garrison troops (LIMITANEI). AUXILIARIES and LIMITANEI play no role in CIVIL WAR. On such a scale, both invaders and defenders would be fighting more or less on equal terms, apart from the advantages of superior military technology. redump.emubase.de /lsd_view.php?id=3   (4115 words)

Arminius Lodge - Who was Arminius? Arminius used his leadership skills and military prowess to gather allies and in the late summer of 9 AD led the Cherusci in an ambush of Roman forces that Varus had led across the Rhine and into the Teutoburger Wald. The Maori of New Zealand were masters of the art.) In three days of fighting, the Cherusci decimated a Roman force of three legions, three squadrons of cavalry, and six cohorts of auxiliaries--about 20,000 men in all. Arminius organized a rebellion of the Cherusci, annihilating three Roman legions in the Varus Battle or Battle of Teutoburg Forest in AD 9 and forcing the Romans back to the Rhine. www.bessel.org /armihist.htm   (1991 words)

THE DECLINE OF THE REPUBLIC, PART II: THE ERA OF MILITARY COMMANDERS, 122-60 B He had employed the last few years in forming a powerful army, armed and disciplined in the Roman manner; and he now took the field with one hundred and twenty thousand foot soldiers, sixteen thousand horse, and a vast number of barbarian auxiliaries. That monarch left his dominions by will to the Roman people; and Bithynia was accordingly declared a Roman province; but Mithridates asserted that the late king had left a legitimate son by his wife, Nysa, whose pretensions he immediately prepared to support by his arms. Next, in one of the most sensationally efficient campaigns in Roman history, Pompeius terminated the very grave and long-standing pirate menace in the Mediterranean (67)." [Grant in Selected Political Speeches of Cicero (Penguin, 1989), pp. www.portergaud.edu /cmcarver/dotr.html   (1991 words)

Brigantes Nation Research Guide A permanent Roman fort enclosed by a number of ditches and ramparts, used to house a garrison of auxiliaries. A flat bottomed ditch flanked by mounds running to the south of Hadrian's Wall for much of its length, marking the boundary of the military zone. A town founded as an act of government by charter to house Roman or Latin citizens, usually retired legionaires who had been granted land within a territorium. www.brigantesnation.com /Guide/Features/FeaturesGlossary.htm   (1991 words)

= Sandridge Village History: Roman Sandridge = With the help, enforced or otherwise, of the Vermalions the auxiliaries erected a fort which is now under St. Michael's village close by the river, and which the Romans named Verulamium. A garrison of possibly 500 auxiliaries was established here while the bulk of the invaders made their way to Camulodunum (Colchester) which was now the capital of the Catuvellauni who had beaten the Trinovante tribe in battle about a century previously and had annexed their chief township and most of their land. This time, however, the Romans launched a full scale invasion using 50,000 legionnaires and auxiliary troops as well as cavalry. www.sandridgevillage.com /history/history5.cfm   (2970 words)

North Africa during the Classical Period - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Roman military presence in North Africa was relatively small, consisting of about 28,000 troops and auxiliaries in Numidia and the two Mauretanian provinces. Aside from Carthage, urbanization in North Africa came in part with the establishment of settlements of veterans under the Roman emperors Claudius, Nerva, and Trajan. Some Jews had been deported from Judea or Palestine in the first and second centuries AD for rebelling against Roman rule; others had come earlier with Punic settlers. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/North_Africa_during_the_Classical_Period   (1260 words)

North Africa during the Classical Period - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Roman military presence in North Africa was relatively small, consisting of about 28,000 troops and auxiliaries in Numidia and the two Mauretanian provinces. Aside from Carthage, urbanization in North Africa came in part with the establishment of settlements of veterans under the Roman emperors Claudius, Nerva, and Trajan. The Carthaginian state declined because of successive defeats by the Romans in the Punic Wars ; in 146 BC the city of Carthage was destroyed. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/North_Africa_during_the_Classical_Period   (1260 words)

PARAMETERS, US Army War College Quarterly - Winter 2000-01 He convinced Varus that the "loyal" Cherusci and, no doubt, the economic potential of the region, were being threatened by anti-Roman tribes in the area and in need of military protection. He was surely familiar with the weapons and tactics of this "technologically superior" force and must also have known that Varus had at his disposal three legions of infantry, three troops of equitati (cavalry), and six cohorts of auxiliaries.[2] As the underdog must, Arminius sought an innovative means to defeat this impressive force. A.D., the Roman legate Publius Quinctilius Varus led his XVII, XVIII, and XIX Legions into modern north Germany between the Rhine and Elbe rivers on what we would today call a peace enforcement mission. carlisle-www.army.mil /usawc/Parameters/00winter/goulding.htm   (4447 words)

Battle of Pharsalus (48 BCE) In the Battle of Pharsalus, on 9 August 48 BCE, the Roman general Julius Caesar defeated the troops of the Roman Senate, commanded by his rival Pompey the Great. For the soldiers who had fled for refuge to it from the field of battle, affrighted and exhausted by fatigue, having thrown away their arms and military standards, had their thoughts more engaged on their further escape than on the defense of the camp. Having used this diligence, he ordered the legions in his camp to come and meet him, and those which were with him to take their turn of rest, and go back to the camp. www.livius.org /pha-phd/pharsalus/battle.html   (1910 words)

ROMAN ARMY - LoveToKnow Article on ROMAN ARMY So unbroken, indeed, is the growth that many of the military technical terms survived in use from epoch to epoch, unchanged in form though deeply modified in meaning, and ordinary readers often miss the diversity which underlies this unchanged-seeming system. Auxiliaries (as is said above) had served occasionally in the Republican armies since about 250 B.c., and in the latest Republic large bodies of them had been enlisted in the armies of contending generals. In the third or Imperial age there were many legions (indeed, a fixed number) quartered in fixed fortresses; there were also other troops, numerous and important, if not yet so formidable as the legionaries. 9.1911encyclopedia.org /R/RO/ROMAN_ARMY.htm   (4657 words)

Destinations UK - Hadrians Wall - World Heritage Site Legionaries (who were Roman citizens) constructed the Wall and its structures but the garrisons that manned it were Auxiliaries - units recruited from areas occupied by the army and usually despatched to serve in another province. In operation, Hadrian's Wall itself was the centre of an in-depth military zone, with legionary forts at York and Chester, hinterland forts between these and the Wall and outpost forts to the north of the Wall. The Roman advance through Britain, which by AD86 had reached the highlands of Scotland could not be sustained and by the early second century they had withdrawn back to the Tyne Solway isthmus. www.historic-uk.com /DestinationsUK/HadriansWall-PStaff.htm   (1056 words)

Re: orion-list The outer form of the shield in 1QM CE As I argued in my "The War Scroll and Roman Weaponry Reconsidered", the military data in the War Scroll conforms to the Roman republican legions of the second century BCE and the War Scroll shield was modeled on that also described in Polybius. BC > Auxiliaries[2]: 90(-120) x 50(-70)cm, 5-9 kg flat-(blunt)oval; > hexagonal, 1st c. BC > Fayum: 128 x 64/80 cm, 9.50 kg, bent-oval, 1st c. orion.mscc.huji.ac.il /orion/archives/2000a/msg00159.html   (1056 words)

Roman Emperors - DIR Domitian Eager for military glory himself, Domitian soon led reinforcements to Germany, where the Batavian auxiliaries of the Rhine legions had revolted. [[6]] Guided by Gaius Licinius Mucianus, Vespasian's chief advisor, Domitian represented the family in the senate and suggested that other issues be postponed until Vespasian's arrival from the East. Little is known about Domitian in the turbulent 18 months of the three emperors, but in the aftermath of the downfall of Vitellius in A.D. 69 he presented himself to the invading Flavian forces, was hailed as Caesar, and moved into the imperial residence. www.roman-emperors.org /domitian.htm   (1056 words)

Roman Emperors - DIR Trajan The war was one which required all his military abilities and all the engineering and discipline for which the Roman army was renowned. Preparations for a great campaign were under way, particularly with transfers of legions and their attendant auxiliaries from Germany and Britain and other provinces and the establishment of two new ones, II Traiana and XXX Ulpia, which brought the total muster to 30, the highest number yet reached in the empire's history. It was a brutal struggle, with some of the characteristics of a war of extirpation, until the Dacian king, driven from his capital of Sarmizegethusa and hunted like an animal, chose to commit suicide rather than to be paraded in a Roman triumph and then be put to death. www.roman-emperors.org /trajan.htm   (1056 words)

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