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Topic: Avar language

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Bats language

Northeast Caucasian languages

ISO 639

Ingush language

Languages of the Caucasus

Alarodian languages

Mari language

Caucasian Avars

North Caucasian languages

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	Avar language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The modern Avar language (self-designation магӀарул мацӀ [ma'arul mats] "language of the mountains" or Авар МацӀ "Avar language") belongs to the Avar-Andi-Tsez subgroup of the Alarodian Northeast-Caucasian (or Nakh-Dagestani) language family.
		Avar belongs to the Avar-Andi-Tsez subgroup of the Alarodian Northeast-Caucasian (or Nakh-Dagestani) language family.
		As part of Soviet language planning policies the Ajam was replaced by a Latin alphabet in 1928, which was in turn replaced by the current Cyrillic alphabet in 1938.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Avar_language (445 words)

	Encyclopedia: ISO 639
		The Buriat language is a mongolian language spoken by the Buryats.
		Iban is the spoken language of ethnic Dayak Iban in Borneo.
		The Mirandese language (LhÃ©ngua Mirandesa in Mirandese; LÃngua Mirandesa or MirandÃªs in Portuguese) is spoken in northeastern Portugal.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/ISO-639 (7883 words)

	MSN Encarta - Language
		A pidgin is an auxiliary language (a language used for communication by groups that have different native tongues) that develops when people speaking different languages are brought together and forced to develop a common means of communication without sufficient time to learn each other's native languages properly.
		A creole language, on the other hand, arises in a contact situation similar to that which produces pidgin languages and perhaps goes through a stage in which it is a pidgin, but a creole becomes the native language of its community.
		The family consists of a number of subfamilies or branches (groups of languages that descended from a common ancestor, which in turn is a member of a larger group of languages that descended from a common ancestor).
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761570647_4/Language.html (1280 words)

	EURASIAN AVARS FACTS AND INFORMATION
		Avars were driven westward when the Gokturks defeated the Hephthalites in the 550s and the 560s.
		The Avar state persisted in Pannonia throughout the 7th and 8th century, and the Avars are presumed to have mostly controlled the Slavs who had lived in the area since a few decades before the Avar arrival.
		The Avars are also likely to have merged with Slavs, who had formed new states in the region: the principality of Nitra in the north (later Great_Moravia), and the Balaton_Principality in the central parts of Pannonia.
	www.palfacts.com /Eurasian_Avars (1092 words)

	Origins of the Serb People (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-07-20)
		Avar decline began in the late 7th century and culminated in the destruction of their capital by Charlemagne in 796.
		Avars were once equated with the Juan Juan resulting in much confusion as the latter have become frequently referred to as Avars.
		Therefore, the Avar government led them to undertake the agricultural works in order to yield the harvest and crops that were needed by the Avar Khanate and the performance of border forefront services at the same time.
	www.geocities.com /protoillyrian/serb (8696 words)

	Caucasus Foundation
		Along with the consonants that occur in all the Caucasian languages, the Abkhazo-Adyghian languages are characterized by different sets of labialized consonants (formed by rounding the lips), strong (hard or tense) consonants, half-hushing consonants, and velarized consonants (formed with the back of the tongue approaching the soft palate).
		The consonant systems of the Nakh languages are relatively simple, coinciding, on the whole, with those of the South Caucasian languages (apart from a number of pharyngeal consonants characteristic of all the Nakh languages and a lateral sound peculiar to Bats).
		All the Caucasian languages have a series of stops of three types--voiced, voiceless aspirated, and glottalized (i.e., pronounced, respectively, with vibrating vocal cords; with vocal cords not vibrating but with an accompanying audible puff of breath; and with accompanying closure of the glottis [space between the vocal cords]).
	www.kafkas.org.tr /english/kultur/diledebiyat.html (2513 words)

	Avar language -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-07-20)
		The Avar language has been written since the (Click link for more info and facts about 15th century) 15th century, in the old Georgian alphabet.
		As part of Soviet language planning policies the Ajam was replaced by a Latin alphabet in 1928, which was in turn replaced by the current (An alphabet drived from the Greek alphabet and used for writing Slavic languages) Cyrillic alphabet in 1938.
		The literary language is based on the болмацӀ [bolmats] - the common language used between speakers of different dialects and languages.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/a/av/avar_language.htm (471 words)

	The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire
		The Bezhta language is spoken by the inhabitants of the three villages (Bezhita or Bezhta, Tljadali and Hochar-Hota or Hoshal-Hota) in the Tsunta district in Dagestan.
		The Bezhta language is a Caucasian language and it belongs to the Dido subgroup of the northwestern group (Avar-Ando-Dido) of the Dagestan languages.
		The Avar language is used as a lingua franca in Bezhta society with the mother tongue relegated to domestic use.
	www.eki.ee /books/redbook/bezhtas.shtml (1301 words)

	Bayan (Avar Khagan) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Bayan was an Avar khagan between 562 and 602.
		The Avar name Bayan in Caucasian Avar language mean Victor "Behun" it also could be translated as "Bo"=Army-Country of Huns.
		The Hun word for leader or king "Kagan" in Caucasian Avar language pronounced "QuaKhun" means "To Whom The Power Belongs" or "The Power Holder".
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bayan_(Avar_Khagan) (101 words)

	Wikinfo \| Avars (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-07-20)
		Substancial evidence that the European Avars were once a member of the Juan Juan confederacy has led to the erroneous equating of Avars with the Juan Juan resulting in the latter being frequently referred to as Avars.
		The Caucasian Avar language is said to show some affinity with ancient messopotamian agglutinive languages like Hurrian, Sino-Tibetan and also Ket (Yenisey Ostyak) of which there are now less than 500 speakers left in Siberia.
		In the east, the inhabitants of Khwarezmia, recognised as being under the Avars by 410CE, were said to observe a form of Mosaic law (see Sabians) which might explain the apparent Hebrew artefacts found in excavations of their Carpathian basin graves.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Avar (1456 words)

	Languages of the Caucasus - Biocrawler definition:Languages of the Caucasus - Biocrawler
		The term Caucasian languages is loosely used to refer to a large and extremely varied array of languages spoken by more than seven million people in the Caucasus region of Eastern Europe and Western Asia, between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea.
		Urartian was the language of Urartu, a powerful state centered in the area of Lake Van in Turkey, that existed between 1000 BC or earlier and 585 BC.
		The fact that Basque, an isolated language spoken in the Pyrenees, also has an ergative case system has led many scholars to propose it as a displaced member of some Caucasian family.
	www.biocrawler.com /biowiki/Languages_of_the_Caucasus (882 words)

	Ethnologue: Russia, Europe
		Avar is used as the literary language; bilingual proficiency undetermined.
		Their language has diverged from other Mongolian languages and they are called 'Kalmyk' in Russia; 'Oirat' in China and Mongolia.
		Komi is used in the Institute for Language and Literature of the Komi branch of the Adademy of Science.
	www.christusrex.org /www1/pater/ethno/RusE.html (2754 words)

	ipedia.com: Caucasian Avars Article
		Avars or Caucasian Avars are a modern people of Caucasus, mainly of Dagestan, in which they are the predominant group.
		The Caucasian Avar language is said to show some affinity with ancient Mesopotamian agglutinative languages like Hurrian, Sino-Tibetan and also Ket (Yenisey Ostyak) of which there are now less than 500 speakers left in Siberia.
		In the Caucasian Avar language the word "Avar" is always used any time Avars mention the names of Abraham, Noah, Moses, Jesus or Mohammed.
	www.ipedia.com /caucasian_avars.html (223 words)

	The Avar-Andi-Dido languages (from Caucasian languages) -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		The member languages are the Avar language; the Andi subgroup of languages, including Andi, Botlikh, Godoberi, Chamalal, Bagvalal, Tindi, Karata, and Akhvakh; and the Dido subgroup, including Dido (Tsez), Khvarshi, Hinukh, Bezhta, and Hunzib.
		The group includes the Avar language, the Andi languages (Andi, Botlikh, Godoberi, Chamalal, Bagvalal, Tindi, Karata, and Akhvakh), and the Dido languages (Dido or Tsez, Khvarshi, Hinukh, Bezhta, and Hunzib or Kapucha).
		The Nakh division consists of the languages of the Chechen, Ingush, and Bats.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-75106?tocId=75106 (803 words)

	U.S.ENGLISH Foundation Official Language Research - Russia: Legislation
		Avar 5) 3 villages in the western center of the Dagestan Republic near the border of the Republic of Georgia 6) Agraphic language, literature in Avar 7) It is often included as a variant of Avar.
		Avar 5) West central zone of the Dagestan Republic near the Georgian border 6) Agraphic language; literature in Avar 7) It is often referred to as a variant of Avar.
		Avar 5) Mountain zones in the west center of the Dagestan Republic close to the Chechen and Georgian borders 6) Agraphic language, literature in Avar 7) It is often included as a variant of Avar.
	www.us-english.org /foundation/research/olp/viewLegislation.asp?CID=36&LID=151 (3943 words)

	NUPI - Centre for Russian Studies
		The Avar Khanate grew strong and reached the peak of its power in the 17th and 18th centuries, although it was ridden by internal tribal feuds.
		Avars, together with other non-Arabic speaking peoples of the region, resisted the government, and in 1921 the state created the Dagestan ASSR as an ethnic sub-division of the larger republic.
		Avar language was latinized, and then switched to the Cyrillic alphabet in 1938.
	www.nupi.no /cgi-win/Russland/etnisk_b.exe?Avarian (371 words)

	The Unreached Peoples Prayer Profiles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-07-20)
		Avar is a collective term that is often used to describe fifteen distinct ethnic groups living in the Russia's Dagestan Republic.
		The Avar are involved in a variety of occupations such as farming, raising livestock, working in domestic industries, and trading.
		The Avar grow several types of cereal crops, such as wheat, corn, and rice; fruit crops are also raised on the coastal plain and in the Terek River delta region.
	www.ksafe.com /profiles/p_code3/75.html (780 words)

	The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire
		The Botlikh language belongs to the Andi subgroup of the northwestern (the Avar-Dido) group of the Dagestan languages.
		Their closest neighbours are the Avars to the north, the Andis to the east, the Godoberis to the south and the Chechens to the west.
		The situation is made worse by the fact that the Botlikh language, the main basis of their identity, has retreated to the homes, to be replaced in all other realms of society by Avar.
	www.eki.ee /books/redbook/botlikhs.shtml (1152 words)

	AL: Language Ref: Animation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-07-20)
		Avars which are unbound or have no keys have an implied value of zero.
		This form is useful when the avar keys are fixed or it is convenient to specify their values procedurally.
		Avars are actually functions, not variables, and have two usages within the models in which they are declared.
	accad.osu.edu /~smay/AL/LangRef/animation.html (480 words)

	AL: the animation language
		In Chant, avars can be displayed and manipulated using two different formats: as graphical splines and as numerical entries in spreadsheet form.
		Chant is implemented in the AL language and is started directly from the ox interpreter.
		If more than one avar is loaded, the current avar can be set by picking anywhere on the desired curve with the mouse button 1 (usually the left mouse button).
	accad.osu.edu /~smay/AL/tools/chant.html (707 words)

	Complete list of language Wikibooks available - Meta
		The following is a list of the various established and proposed wikibooks for various languages.
		See ISO 639 Language Codes to see what languages the abbreviations stand for, and where the codes below originated.
		Languages in Wikibooks -- Recently seperated into different domains, however several languages are still located at what has become the English Wikibooks
	meta.wikimedia.org /wiki/Complete_list_of_language_Wikibooks_available (266 words)

	Grammatical description of Avar
		The Avar project gives a group of 9 Daghestanian authors the possibility of preparing a grammar of Avar; the project will be supervised by Helma van den Berg, who will also edit the grammar.
		Avar is a written language of Dagestan, which has somewhat more than half a million speakers.
		A considerable number of Avar native speaker-specialists work at the Institute for Language, Literature and Art of the Daghestanian Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, and at the Daghestanian State University in Makhachkala, the capital of the Daghestan Republic.
	email.eva.mpg.de /~vandenbe/Avar.html (651 words)

	The Unreached Peoples Prayer Profiles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-07-20)
		Most of the Avar live in the mountains, plains, and foothills of Dagestan (a region in southwestern Russia).
		The Avar of Azerbaijan live primarily in the northern Belokansky and Zakatal'sky districts.
		The Avar language is composed of five main dialects that are not mutually intelligible.
	www.ksafe.com /profiles/p_code3/1598.html (782 words)

	Avar Fonts, Avar OCR, Avar Reference, Avar Software - Mac, Avar Software - Windows, Avar System,
		Avar is spoken in the Russian Republic of Dagestan (capital: Makhachkala), situated in the Caucasus on the west bank of the Caspian Sea.
		In this single republic, smaller than West Virginia, some thirty different languages are spoken, most of them falling within a single subdivision of the Caucasian family known as the Dagestan languages.
		Avar, spoken in the southwestern part of the republic, ranks first in number of speakers with about 600,000.
	www.worldlanguage.com /Languages/Avar.htm (190 words)

	BEZHTA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-07-20)
		Note:The Bezhta language is one of the 20 languages in Dagestan which has not had a written form of its own.
		The Bezhta language is related to Avar, but the two languages are so totally different that people must learn each other's language, in order to understand one another.
		Previously forced to accept the Avar culture, the Bezhta had no choice but to use the Avar written language as their own.
	www.christusrex.org /www1/pater/JPN-bezhta.html (186 words)

	Institute for War and Peace Reporting (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-07-20)
		Other Avars interviewed praised the news broadcasts for provoking more interest in a language that is gradually being edged out by Russian, especially amongst young people.
		The issues chosen so far by the Avar producers were not of great urgency for ordinary Dagestanis: the station made its debut with a report about the lack of proper Avar-language textbooks in Dagestan's schools.
		He thought it likely that the current crop of Avar journalists, who are constrained by Soviet-style self-censorship, will gradually be replaced by staff willing to criticize the local authorities, such as, for example, the exiled Avar poet Adallo Aliev, who was at one time a contender for a post at Radio Liberty.
	www.iwpr.net /index.pl?archive/cau/cau_200204_124_3_eng.txt (1088 words)

	[No title]
		The chief remains of the language are a paternoster, a few phrases and a short vocabulary written down by Pastor Chr.
		The remains of it are most corrupt, having been written down when the language was full of Low German by people who did not know Slavonic.
		The best criterion would be linguistic, since there is certainly a language or group of languages, that can be called Slav; but it was not written down until the ninth century, and even after that, documents are meager.
	wanclik.free.fr /hrvati.htm (4623 words)

	[No title]
		This led subsequently in the 1990s to the appearance of numerous shaikhs, and to one sheikh accusing another of not obtaining the idhn (ijazah) in the correct way, and in the fact the Shaikh who supposedly gave the permission is no longer alive to comment.
		The Mufti of Daghestan the Avar Ahmad Hajji Abdullayev, is of course also a murid of Said Efendi.
		He appointed Shaikh Abdulwahid (Abdullayev) from Khabshchi, an Avar with a good command of the Kumyk language,as his caliph (deputy) in the North Caucasus.The ceremony of appointing the caliph was recorded on video.
	www.uksufi.co.uk /Mureeds/TheSufi/mikhail_roshchin.htm (4424 words)

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