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Topic: Avars

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	Eurasian Avars - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Avars were driven westward when the Gokturks defeated the Hephthalites in the 550s and the 560s.
		The Avar state persisted in Pannonia throughout the 7th and 8th century, and the Avars are presumed to have mostly controlled the Slavs who had lived in the area since a few decades before the Avar arrival.
		The Avars are also likely to have merged with Slavs, who had formed new states in the region: the principality of Nitra in the north (later Great Moravia), and the Balaton Principality in the central parts of Pannonia.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Avarian (1129 words)

	Caucasian Avars - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Eurasian Avars were a nomadic people who established a state in the Volga River area in the early 6th century.
		Avars or Caucasian Avars are a modern people of Caucasus, mainly of Dagestan, in which they are the predominant group.
		The Caucasian Avar language is said to show some affinity with ancient Mesopotamian agglutinative languages like Hurrian, Sino-Tibetan and also Ket (Yenisey Ostyak) of which there are now less than 500 speakers left in Siberia.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Caucasian_Avars (185 words)

	Avars (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The so-called Avar Ring was defeated by Franks led by Charlemagne in the 9th century whereupon the three major tribes invited the Magyar seven-tribe confederacy to liberate them.
		A connection between the European Avars and the Caucasian Avar & Kabard is severely questioned, but evidence is mounting in favour of the theory that the Avars who settled in Transylvania were only a "pseudo" (Kabar?) portion of other "true" Avars who remained in the Caucasus region under Khazar control.
		The word "Avar" in the native Avar language means messiah, prophet, angel or archangel, and is always used any time Avars mention the names of Abraham, Noah, Moses, Jesus or Mohammed.
	www.theezine.net /a/avars.html (1133 words)

	AllRefer.com - Avars (Peoples (except New World)) - Encyclopedia
		Dislodged by stronger tribes, the Avars pushed west, increasing their formidable army by incorporating conquered peoples into it.
		The Avars were not mentioned after the 9th cent.
		It is doubtful that the modern Avars, a pastoral, Muslim people of the Dagestan Republic, are descended from the original Avars.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/A/Avars.html (213 words)

	Origins of the Serb People (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Avar decline began in the late 7th century and culminated in the destruction of their capital by Charlemagne in 796.
		Avars were once equated with the Juan Juan resulting in much confusion as the latter have become frequently referred to as Avars.
		Therefore, the Avar government led them to undertake the agricultural works in order to yield the harvest and crops that were needed by the Avar Khanate and the performance of border forefront services at the same time.
	www.geocities.com /protoillyrian/serb (8696 words)

	Avars - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Eurasian Avars were a nomadic people of Eurasia who established a state in the Danube River area of Europe in the early 6th century.
		Caucasian Avars a modern people of Caucasus, mainly of Dagestan, in which they are the predominant group.
		Imam Shamil, a political and religious leader, was a Caucasian Avar.
	www.peekskill.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Avars (161 words)

	Wikinfo \| Avars (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Avars (Magyar: Kavar, Kievian Letter: Kybr, Persian: Uar, Chinese: Hua) are a nomadic people of Eurasia who established a state in the Volga River area of Europe in the early 6th century.
		Substancial evidence that the European Avars were once a member of the Juan Juan confederacy has led to the erroneous equating of Avars with the Juan Juan resulting in the latter being frequently referred to as Avars.
		In the east, the inhabitants of Khwarezmia, recognised as being under the Avars by 410CE, were said to observe a form of Mosaic law (see Sabians) which might explain the apparent Hebrew artefacts found in excavations of their Carpathian basin graves.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Avar (1456 words)

	Avars (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Avars— a nomadic tribe from central Asia identified with the Juan-Juan or Heftolet tribes of the Hunnic federation.
		By the end of the eighth century, the Avars were pushed out of the Balkans and the Byzantine Empire by the Bulgars and their expanding *Bulgarian Khanate.
		The expansion of Avar rule encouraged the Slavic peoples in the Danubian Basin and Carpathian regions to form states, the most important of which was the *Greater Moravian Empire.
	www.rusyn.org /pop_avars.htm (328 words)

	Caucasian Avars (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In the Caucasian Avar language the word "Avar" is always used any time Avars mention the names of Abraham, Noah, Moses, Jesus or Mohammed.
		One of the prominent figures in the modern Avar history is Imam Shamil.
		Shamil successfully led the liberation movement of highland peoples of Caucasus against the Russian invasion in the 19th century.
	www.ceca.de /encyclopedia/c/ca/caucasian_avars.html (170 words)

	The Avars
		In 568, in pursuit of this tribute, the Avars invaded Dalmatia and indulged in a frenzy of destruction.
		Such was the drain on Imperial resources that when, in 599, the Avars captured 12,000 Byzantine prisoners, Maurice had to refuse to pay their ransom and every one of them was put to death.
		Maurice's successor, Phocas, preoccupied with wars against the Persians, was forced to agree a truce with the Avars at the expense of inevitably huge tribute.
	www.fernweb.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk /mf/avars.htm (780 words)

	AL: the animation language
		The value of an avar at times between key frames is computed using linear interpolation or splines based on the neighboring key frames.
		Also note that before the first key frame, the value of the avar is equal to the first key frame; and at any time after the last key frame, the value of the avar is equal to the last key frame.
		Avars are show with a square toggle button to the left of each avar name.
	accad.osu.edu /~smay/AL/tut2 (1306 words)

	Avars 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Avars moved to the Russian steppes, where the Byzantine emperor Justinian paid them to subjugate the Huns and Slavs who had been raiding Roman provinces in the Balkans.
		The empire of the Avars peaked at the end of the 6th century when it reached from the Volga to the Danube.
		The Avar state, weakened by internal dissent, was destroyed by a combined Frankish and Bulgarian attack in 796.
	www.hyperhistory.com /online_n2/connections_n2/avars1.html (118 words)

	Avars (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		River the Avars and their allies invaded the territory of the
		The Avars conquered and brought into their alliance a number of
		The rise of the Bulgarian Kingdom in 680 and the victory of Charlemagne in 797 put an end to the Avar empire.
	www.encyclopediaofukraine.com /pages/A/V/Avars.htm (200 words)

	Avars (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In southern Russia, the Avars assimilated the remnants of Attila's Huns, driven back from the Hungarian plain by the Gepids and the Ostrogoths (5th century).
		Allied to the Lombards, the Avars dispersed the Gepids and occupied the former territories of the Huns rampaging as far south as the central Balkans.
		The invention of the stirrup is often attributed to the Avars.
	www.worldhistoryplus.com /a/avars.html (193 words)

	Minorities At Risk (MAR) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		To date the Avar leaders have not pressed their advantages and have yielded considerably to the other groups, and have even disbanded the Avar national movement, Imam Shamil, as a demonstration of their commitment to ethnic harmony.
		This is a fairly good indicator that at present the Avars are committed to maintaining the status quo and overall ethnic harmony in Dagestan.
		Historically, the Avars and, to a somewhat lesser extent, the Kumyks have been the socially, economically and politically privileged groups of Dagestan.
	www.cidcm.umd.edu /inscr/mar/data/rusavar.htm (1904 words)

	Avars (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Avars are a nomadic people who were established in the Volga River area about the 6th century.
		Avar people were a combination of Mongols and Uighurs (Uygurs) (a Turkic people also called as pseudo-Avars), who were conquered by Mongols in the 5th century.
		The so-called Avar Ring[?] was defeated by Franks led by Charlemagne in the 9th century.
	www.city-search.org /av/avars.html (409 words)

	WRITENET Country Papers - The Russian Federation: Dagestan (Nov 95)
		On several occasions since 1991, local Avar leaders have expressed their hope that the Avar villages in the north-west of the district could be joined with Dagestan.
		Relations between Cossacks and Avars are often tense, and were especially so in 1990-1991, when Cossacks vehemently opposed proposals for the loosening of Dagestan's ties with the Russian Federation, an idea that the Avars in general supported.
		The Russians are overrepresented in industry, a sector currently in steep decline, and the Avars and Dargins that dominate the state structures allegedly favour their own ethnic groups when it comes to investment, privatization and the issuing of concessions and licenses.
	www.turkiye.net /sota/dagestan.html (10632 words)

	Middle Ages - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		As the authority of the Roman Empire dwindled in Western Europe, its territories were entered and settled by succeeding waves of "barbarian" peoples, some of whom distrusted and rejected the classical culture of Rome, while others, like the Goths admired it and considered themselves the legates and heirs of Rome.
		Warrior peoples such as the Avars and the Vikings were still capable of causing major disruption to the newly emerging societies of Western Europe.
		The Christian Church, the only centralised institution to survive the fall of the western Roman Empire intact, was the sole unifying cultural influence, preserving its selection from Latin learning, maintaining the art of writing, and a centralised administration through its network of bishops.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Middle_Ages (2118 words)

	Roman Emperors - DIR Phocas
		In addition, by spring 583 the Avars were demanding an increase in the subsidy that the Byzantines had paid them during the reign of Tiberius.
		Unfortunately, this only prompted the Avars to invade the empire and after losing a few cities to them Maurice agreed to increase the subsidy by the amount that the Avars had demanded.
		Having temporarily bought off the Avars, Maurice was able to transfer enough soldiers to the east to swing the war against the Persians in his favor.
	www.roman-emperors.org /phocas.htm (5264 words)

	The Evidence of Theophylaktos Simokatta - Transoxiana Eran ud Aneran (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		A new branch of pastoral nomads settled in the Carpathian Basin at the Easter of 568.
		And we are informed that the Avars are not the same barbarians living in Europe in and around the area of Pannonia, who arrived here before the era of the emperor Maurikios.
		According to these works part of the confusion is due to the fact that a century before the appearance of the European Avars, they had already left their original habitation, moved to the west and became constituents of the empire mentioned by the Hephtalite dynastic name.
	www.transoxiana.com.ar /Eran/Articles/dobrovits.html (3193 words)

	Avars history - History Forum
		Avars, Mongolian people, who about 461 conquered the Uighurs, a Turkic tribe sometimes called the pseudo-Avars, and with the Uighurs formed a confederation on the Volga steppes (now in Russia).
		Of the Avars who remained in eastern Europe little is known; the available evidence indicates that they are the ancestors of the modern Avars of the Caucasus, one of the 27 Lezghian tribes of Dagestan, Russia.
		The Avars didn't conquer the Uygnurs; the Juan-Juan conquered the Gao-Ch'e.
	www.simaqianstudio.com /forum/index.php?showtopic=1058 (1307 words)

	[No title]
		795: The main leader of the Avars â“ the kaghan â“ is assassinated because of the bad course of the war against the Frankish Empire since 791 and the resulting internal feuds of Avar commanders.
		From now on, the Avar territory splits in 2 parts â“ the western (christianized) one will be under Frankish influence and the eastern one under the influence of Bulgaria.
		In this connection the Avars reveal that the cause of the end of the Avar Empire were internal quarrels, corruption and hard drinking of wine.
	www.angelfire.com /sk3/quality/Slav_states.html (12359 words)

	MAR \| Data \| Assessment for Avars in Russia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		To date, Avar leaders have not pressed their advantages and have yielded considerably to the other groups; they have even disbanded the Avar National Movement, Imam Shamil, apparently as a demonstration of their commitment to ethnic harmony.
		The Avars, always among the privileged, have benefited from the Russian military largesse, for example, while the Laks have not.
		The formation of the Imam Shamil movement (Avar National Movement) was in large part a reaction to the creation of Tenglik, a movement representing Kumyk national interests.
	www.cidcm.umd.edu /inscr/mar/assessment.asp?groupId=36524 (2100 words)

	Origin of Croats: Avars? Huns? Hu-ur-vaths? - Stormfront White Nationalist Community (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The presence of Avars in Panonia at that time offers a possibility to remove doubts when it comes to the fact that the “Frankish Chronicles” do not mention either Croats or Croatian lands at the Assembly of Heristal in 818.
		It is possible that Avars were invited to the Assembly of Frankfurt (822) as representatives of that mixture of peoples, who will later adopt a common name — Croats.
		Avars, Huns, Ugars, Bulgars and Croats have arrived from some place to settle the Slavic lands.
	www.stormfront.org /forum/showthread.php?t=179422 (4814 words)

	AVARS [I:755a] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		At the beginning of the 19th century, the Avar country became the field of activity of the initiates of the
		Avar literature was born at the same period with
		The Avars of Azerbaijan are losing the use of their mother tongue, which is being replaced by
	www.encislam.brill.nl /data/EncIslam/S0/SIM-0860.html (930 words)

	Christian History Handbook: Medieval: Lecture Six (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Among the subjects to the Avars, the Bulgars rose to be the heirs to the leadership along the lower Danube and eventually came to control the eastern half of the former Avar Empire.
		Southwest of the Avars' enclave in eastern Hungary the Slavs in Croatia and the Avars' southern neighbors, the Serbs, were gradually converted to Christianity, beginning about 635 among the Serbs and extending to the Croatians by 680.
		Wars against the Avars in the Balkans and the Persians in the East continued and were complicated by the collapse of the military morale and command discipline in the Roman army that eventually led to Maurice's overthrow.
	www.sbuniv.edu /~hgallatin/ht34632e06.html (6022 words)

	Khan Krum and the Avars
		There it bordered on the land of the Avars, a Turkic tribe, which had established a volatile state in the basin of the Middle Danube.
		The Avars launched repeated rapacious forays causing a lot of trouble to their neighbors.
		Thus an alliance was forged, and at the end of 804 the Franconian troops and the Slovenes defeated the Avar tribes driving them to the east of the Danube.
	ultimate-bulgaria.com /khan_krum_and_the_avars.htm (372 words)

	Avars - Wikipédia
		Les Avars sont un peuple proto-mongol de cavaliers nomades dirigé par un Khâgan, et connu dans l'Antiquité par les Chinois sous le nom de la confédération des Jouan Jouan qui menaçait leur empire au III
		Leur camp retranché, le Ring avar, est pris en 795 avec un trésor considérable, fruit de plusieurs siècles de pillage pur et simple (voir Prise du Ring Avar).
		Les Avars sont exterminés, ceux qui se soumettent sont convertis de gré mais bien souvent de force, et les derniers rebelles sont vaincus en 805.
	fr.wikipedia.org /wiki/Avars (612 words)

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