
	Where results make sense

Topic: Avestan alphabet

	Britain.tv Wikipedia - Avestan
		Avestan is an Eastern Old Iranian language that was used to compose the sacred hymns and canon of the Zoroastrian Avesta.
		The Avestan language should not be confused with the Avestan alphabet, which is a significantly later invention.
		Gathic Avestan is an archaic language with a complicated grammar which consists of eight case forms and a highly inflected noun system.
	www.britain.tv /wikipedia.php?title=Avestan (726 words)

	Avestan Alphabet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Avestan alphabet, the native name for which is din dabireh or din dabiri, is a writing system developed during the Sassanid era (226-651) to render the Avestan language.
		By the early period of Sassanid epoch, the languages of the Avesta had almost ceased to be a understood by the general public, and had been supplanted by Middle Persian as the language of the laity.
		Alternatively, the need for such an alphabet may have become apparent during the reconstruction of the royal library by Ardashir I (226-241) and Shapur II (309-379), that was said to have been destroyed by the Alexander's troops in 330 BCE (see below).
	www.infoforyou.org /input.php?title=Avestan_alphabet (699 words)

	MavicaNET - Avestan Language
		Avestan was an Iranian language with which the earliest Zoroastrian hymns were orally transmitted.
		The alphabet was modelled on the Pahlavi script which recorded Middle Persian (3rd century BCE to 9th century CE), and which in turn was derived from Aramaic.
		The Avestan languages is traditionally divided into two dialects different in phonetics: in the language of the Gata (a part of the Avesta) groups of consonants tend to sound voiced, while in Late Avestan they become unvoiced.
	www.mavicanet.com /lite/fra/18410.html (544 words)

	Ancient Scripts: Avestan
		Avestan was an Iranian language in which the earliest Zoroastrian hymns were orally transmitted since 1500 BCE.
		Due to lingusitic change, fluency in Avestan as spoken a thousand years earlier was deteorating, and hence the need to write the language became increasingly apparent.
		The Avestan alphabet was modelled on the Pahlavi script, which in turn was derived from Aramaic.
	www.ancientscripts.com /avestan.html (266 words)

	Pahlavi - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The word originally refered to the language spoken by the Parthians, and later came to be applied to the script used to write Middle Persian, which was derived from the Aramaic alphabet.
		In its later forms, attempts were made to improve the alphabet by adding diacritics and signs to the letters.
		The alphabet was actively used by the Zoroastrian community well unto the 10th century AD.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Pahlavi (647 words)

	Avestan info here at en.after-gasoline-alley.info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Avestan is an Eastern Old Iranian vernacular that was used to compose the sacred hymns 'n canon of the Zoroastrian Avesta.
		The Avestan vernacular be stumped with the Avestan alphabet, which is a significantly succeeding invention.
		For example, Avestan jwa "live" is cited as closer to Sogdian Å¾w, Khotanian juv- than to Old Persian jÄ«va, but phonological Eastern characteristics of Avestan such as that unique have back cipher suspected of due to a chapter of the historical tradition of the texts so-so than an introductory view of Avestan itself.
	en.after-gasoline-alley.info /Avestan (903 words)

	Avestan info here at en.along-gasoline-alley.info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Avestan is an Eastern Old Iranian that was used to compose the sacred hymns und canon of the Zoroastrian Avesta.
		The Avestan be snafu with the Avestan alphabet, which is a significantly succeeding invention.
		For example, Avestan jwa "live" is cited as closer to Sogdian Å¾w, Khotanian juv- than to Old Persian jÄ«va, but phonological Eastern characteristics of Avestan such as that peculiar have archaic suspected of patrol due to a of the historical tradition of the texts comparatively than an aboriginal integrant of Avestan itself.
	en.along-gasoline-alley.info /Avestan (902 words)

	Avestan_language info here at en.album-gasoline-alley.info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Avestan is an Eastern Old Iranian lingua franca that was used to compose the sacred hymns und canon of the Zoroastrian Avesta.
		The Avestan lingua franca shouldn't be flustered with the Avestan alphabet, which is a significantly posterior invention.
		For example, Avestan jwa "live" is cited as closer to Sogdian Å¾w, Khotanian juv- than to Old Persian jÄ«va, but phonological Eastern characteristics of Avestan such as that sole have antediluvian suspected of subsistence due to a juncture of the historical tradition of the texts a little than an archetypal major of Avestan itself.
	en.album-gasoline-alley.info /Avestan_language (922 words)

	Iranian Scripts: Avestan Alphabet
		Avestan is an extinct Indo-Iranian language related to Old Persian and Sanskrit.
		Many of the letters are derived from the old Pahlavi alphabet of Persia, which itself was derived from the Aramaic alphabet.
		The Avestan alphabet was replaced by the Arabic alphabet after Persia converted to Islam during the 7th century CE.
	www.iranchamber.com /scripts/avestan_alphabet.php (102 words)

	Avestan_alphabet info here at en.after-gasoline-alley.info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Avestan alphabet, the native agname for which is din dabireh or din dabiri, is a calligraphy reasoning prospered pending the Sassanid era (226-651) to repay the Avestan language.
		Alternatively, the for such an alphabet may have turn dated plausible pending the reconstruction of the royal library by Ardashir I (226-241) 'n Shapur II (309-379), that was said to have bent suppressed by the Alexander's troops in 330 BCE (see below).
		Avestan alphabet Graphemes Graphemes Image flashing the Avestan capital LE (leftmost letter) in a Pazand impending for a publicized Avesta.
	en.after-gasoline-alley.info /Avestan_alphabet (1023 words)

	Alphabets / Phonemic alphabets
		Alphabets, or phonemic alphabets, are sets of letters, usually arranged in a fixed order, each of which represents one or more phonemes, both consonants and vowels, in the language they are used to write.
		The Greeks were the first people to create a phonemic alphabet when they adapted the Phoenican alphabet to write their language.
		The best-known and most widely-used alphabets are the Latin or Roman alphabet and the Cyrillic alphabet, which have been adapted to write numerous languages.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/alphabets.htm (246 words)

	UniPers v Perso-Arabic script
		The Latin alphabet is already familiar to most residents of Persian-speaking countries and the whole planet in general.
		The reason for the lack of overt support for a new alphabet in the Persian-speaking world is due mostly to political and legal concerns, and a ban on free exchange of ideas than anything else.
		Perso-Arabic is the official alphabet of Iran according to the 15th amendment of the constitution of the IRI.
	www.unipers.com /upvpa.htm (4537 words)

	Avestan Script, History's First Phonological Alphabet
		If Avestan script were the only alphabet system which had ever been invented in the history of Iran, then again Iranian languages could have claimed that it has a rich history in terms of language and scripts."
		Avestan language has 14 vowels and so does Avestan script.
		Oryan explains, "Pâzand, is neither Pahlavi nor Avestan, it is a phonological rewriting of a Pahlavi text with Avestan alphabets, the first ever usage of a phonological system for writing something in the history, which is a rather prominent and unique event."
	www.cais-soas.com /News/2005/september2005/24-09-avestan.htm (334 words)

	Avestan language
		For example, Avestan jwa "live" is cited as closer to Sogdian w, Khotanian juv- than to Old Persian jiva, but phonological Eastern characteristics of Avestan such as this one have been suspected of being due to a phase of the historical tradition of the texts rather than an original feature of Avestan itself.
		The script used for the writing of Avesta, called Din Dabireh, during the Sassanian times (226—650 AD) was a derivative of Pahlavi script of Middle Persian.
		Din Dabireh is specially designed to reflect the Avestan sound system, not unlike Devanagari, it allows phonetic disambiguation of allophones.
	libraryoflibrary.com /E_n_c_p_d_Avestan.html (682 words)

	Avestan
		Along with Old Persian, Avestan is one of the two Old Iranian languages of which we have evidence.
		1- Old Avestan or Gathic Avestan: This form of the language was used to compose the Gathas and Yasna Haptanghaiti, probably by Zarathushtra (Zoroaster) himself.
		Gathic Avestan is an extremely archaic language with a complicated grammar which consists of eight case forms and a highly inflected noun system.
	www.governpub.com /Languages-A/Avestan.php (437 words)

	Avestan Script, History's First Phonological Alphabet Persian Journal Latest Iran News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		History's first phonological alphabet was invented during Sassanid era (226 to 637 AD) in ancient Iran.
		This particular feature has made Avestan script capable of representing all phonemes existing in Avestan language, which is another important characteristic of the language.
		Oryan explains, "Pazand, is neither Pahlavi nor Avestan, it is a phonological rewriting of a Pahlavi text with Avestan alphabets, the first ever usage of a phonological system for writing something in the history, which is a rather prominent and unique event."
	www.iranian.ws /cgi-bin/iran_news/exec/view.cgi/4/9853/printer (340 words)

	Showcases :: Zoroastrian lawbook, the Videvdad
		The Avestan language was probably spoken from the second millennium until the first half of the first millennium BC, but the Avestan scriptures, unlike the Old Testament and the Qur'an, were transmitted orally.
		The Avestan alphabet was created in late Sasanian times from the Pahlavi script with the addition of numerous new letters for the purpose of recording the Avesta exactly as it was recited.
		This manuscript is one of the oldest surviving Avestan manuscripts.
	www.bl.uk /onlinegallery/themes/asianafricanman/lawbook.html (975 words)

	Brahmi - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Brāhmī is generally believed to be derived from a Semitic script such as the Imperial Aramaic alphabet, as was clearly the case for the contempory Kharosthi alphabet that arose in a part of northwest Indian under the control of the Achaemenid Empire.
		A glance at the oldest Brahmi inscriptions shows striking parallels with contemporary Aramaic for the half of the phonemes that are equivalent between the two languages, especially if the letters are flipped to reflect the change in writing direction.
		However, Semitic is not a good phonological match to Indic, so any Semitic alphabet would have needed extensive (and perhaps planned) modification.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Brahmi (626 words)

	SEI: Unicode Scripts Research
		ORIGIN: Modelled on the Pahlavi alphabet of Persia (although greatly enlarged in inventory), which itself was derived from a simplified cursive version of Aramaic.
		Displaced with the adoption of the Coptic alphabet in C6th.
		A newspaper was published during the 1980s printed in the Dongba script and the Latin alphabet in an attempt to increase the level of literacy among the Naxi people in their own language.
	linguistics.berkeley.edu /~dwanders/USR.html (7458 words)

	Avesta
		Avestan is a very ancient language and is similar to Sanskrit, the language of the Rigveda, one of the religious books of the Hindus.
		Old Avestan is a language closely akin to the oldest Indic language found in the oldest part of the Rigveda, and on archeological and linguistic grounds could be dated to the first half of the 2nd millennium BCE.
		Of the 72 haitis of the Yasna prayer, Haitis 1 to 27 are in Younger Avestan language.
	www3.sympatico.ca /zoroastrian/Avesta.htm (3463 words)

	[No title]
		The Armenian script had also been drawn up on the model of the Greek alphabet and so it can be mapped onto the original to a certain extent too, although the shapes of the matching Armenian letters are altered to an even higher degree than in the Asomtavruli alphabet.
		With this aim in view, a phonetic alphabet was designed and the corpus of Zoroastrian sacred texts, known as Avesta, was written down in this alphabet.
		According to the structure of the script, in analyzing the Avestan language, linguistics starts from an unambiguous transliteration system the units of which mime the original characters on the basis of the Latin and Greek scripts.
	titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de /personal/jg/unicode/unicode.htm (4152 words)

	Aramaic Alphabet - Russian Alphabet - www.alphabet.dmodels.be (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Aramaic alphabet was adopted by the Hebrew language and became employed for Hebrew Scripture - the Old Testament in the Bible.
		he Aramaic alphabet was developed sometime during the late 10th or early 9th century BCE and replaced Assyrian cuneiform as the main writing system of the Assyrian empire.
		While the Jews adopted the Aramaic alphabet, gradually abandoning their own, the Samaritans held fast to the original forms, in order to...
	www.alphabet.dmodels.be /russian-alphabet/aramaic-alphabet.html (410 words)

	Avestan alphabet - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It may have been to facilitate the compilation of the Zend commentaries and translations of the Avesta.
		Din dabireh may not have been the first script used for rendering spoken Avestan.
		Both Pahlavi script and Din dabireh are written right-to-left.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Avestan_alphabet (731 words)

	Proposal to encode Avestan in the BMP of ISO/IEC 10646
		The script known as Avestan is related to the Arabic alphabet.
		It is a true superset of the consonantal alphabet Pahlavi, and it is proposed here to unify the two scripts (i.e.
		Avestan, though it looks like Arabic, is much more strongly alphabetic, like Greek and Hebrew, and it would be better to follow those scripts as models than to force the character/glyph model onto this script.
	anubis.dkuug.dk /JTC1/SC2/WG2/docs/n1684/n1684.htm (380 words)

	The Achaemenid Empire
		The language of the Gathas, as well as the text known as “Yasna Haptanghaiti” (the Seven Chapter Sermon), is called “Old Avestan” and is significantly different and more archaic than the language of the other parts of the Avesta, “Young Avestan”.
		On the other hand, Old Avestan is very close to the language of the Rig-Veda (known as Vedic Sanskrit).
		The closeness in composition of Old Avestan and Vedic is so much that some parts of Gathas can be transliterated to Vedic only by following the rules of sound change (such as the development of Indo-Iranian “s” to Avestan “h”).
	www.iranologie.com /history/zarathushtra.html (2380 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Avestan alphabet is represented here as follows: long e = E, long o = O, a topped by circle = a^o, nasal a = a, velar nasal = ng (= Ved.
		An indication of the date of younger Avestan dialects is the name of Bactria, is Y.Av.
		9) as occupied by Avestan speakers of the Kamboja land in S.E. Afghanistan (Witzel 1980: 92), is regarded as non-Arya.
	www1.shore.net /~india/ejvs/ejvs0703/ejvs0703a.txt (8703 words)

	AllRefer.com - Avestan (Language And Linguistics) - Encyclopedia
		Avestan[uves´tun] Pronunciation Key, language belonging to the Iranian group of the Indo-Iranian subfamily of the Indo-European family of languages.
		One of the earliest forms of the Iranian languages to survive, Avestan is also the tongue of the Avesta, or scriptures of Zoroastrianism.
		See A. Jackson, An Avestan Grammar in Comparison with Sanskrit (1968).
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/A/Avestan.html (166 words)

	[No title]
		Some have conjectured that the present Avestan alphabet was invented about the same time possibly as a forerunner or even as an imitation of the Armenian alphabet although the Avestan alphabet in phonetic completeness is more like the Devanagari alphabet of Sanskrit.
		It is not impossible to assume a religious motivation for the creation of this rather late alphabet which, as far as we know, was only used for texts of the Zoroastrian religion.
		The 'orthodoxy' they reflect is that imposed on the Zoroastrian Church by Khusraw I. It is, however, not to be supposed that that monarch had eliminated all questionable doctrine from the corpus of writing in the pahlavi tongue which constituted the Sassanian Avesta.
	www.tektonics.org /guest/antzoro.htm (10819 words)

	Artificia
		one of the Hebrew-derived magical alphabets that were popular among occultists of the medieval and Renaissance period; also called "Celestial" or "Astral" - TTF and AFM
		aka Alphabet of the Celestial Language, Alphabet of the Angels, Celestial Writing.
		Each symbol in this alphabet relates to a particular genius (Fuzzypeg)
	www.psicopolis.com /artificia/tricks/tricks95.htm (280 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)