
	Where results make sense

Topic: The Avignon Pope Benedict XIII

	Avignon Pope Benedict XIII - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pedro de Luna was a supporter of Robert of Geneva, the Avignon Pope Clement VII, throughout his reign, and de Luna was unanimously elected by a conclave of twenty-four cardinals at Avignon on September 28, 1394, following the death of Clement VII on September 16.
		Benedict, on the other hand, refused to stand down, so he was declared a schismatic and excommunicated from the Catholic Church by the Council of Constance on July 27, 1417.
		Benedict should not be confused with the Roman Pope Benedict XIII, who reigned from 27 May 1724 to 21 February 1730.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Avignon_Pope_Benedict_XIII (1015 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pedro de Luna
		Benedict was at last obliged to treat with his enemies; in an understanding with his cardinals he pledged himself to renounce the papacy if the Roman pope would do likewise.
		Benedict XIII now renewed the interrupted negotiations with the Roman pope, and in 1404 sent four envoys to Rome, to suggest to Boniface IX that some safe spot should be chosen for a meeting between the two popes and both colleges of cardinals, and thus by mutual agreement put an end to the schism.
		The territory of Avignon was seized in 1411 for the Pisan pope (Alexander V).
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/09431c.htm (2029 words)

	Avignon Popes - Provence Beyond
		A severe disagreement between Pope Boniface VIII and France's Capetian King Philip IV, the Fair (kings), led to the election of a French Pope in 1305.
		Jean XXII (1316-1334), was Jacques Duèse, a former bishop from Avignon and a native of Cahors.
		Jean XXII moved to Avignon because of upheavals in Italy and the troubles in Rome, settling in the Episcopal Palace near the Cathedral.
	www.beyond.fr /villages/avignonpopes.html (457 words)

	Holy Spirit Interactive: Fr. William P. Saunders - Can the Pope Retire?
		Pope St. Pontian was martyred in 236 (237), either from ill treatment in general or from a mortal beating.
		Pope Sylvester III was consecrated on Jan. 20, 1045.
		Pope Gregory XII (1406 — 1415) was elected as the legitimate pope at a time when there were two anti-popes: The Avignon Pope, Benedict XIII, who was supported by the French king; and the Pisa Pope, John XXIII, who was supported by conciliarists of the renegade Council of Pisa.
	www.holyspiritinteractive.net /columns/williamsaunders/straightanswers/canthepoperetire.asp (1218 words)

	Avignon Papacy
		The Avignon Papacy refers to a period in the history of the Roman Catholic Church from 1309 to 1378 when the seat of the Pope was moved from Rome to Avignon.
		Boniface VIII was Pope of the Roman Catholic Church from 1294 to 1303.
		The popes who immediately succeeded him were completely under the influence of the kings of France, and removed the Papal seat from Rome to Avignon, sometimes known as the Babylonian Captivity.
	faculty.ucc.edu /egh-damerow/avignon_papacy.htm (1133 words)

	Franciscan Friars Third Order Regular - Spain
		This donation and the foundation was confirmed by the Avignon Pope Benedict XIII in a Bull of February 26, 1396.
		Pope Benedict directed the Archdeacon of Zamora to confirm the possession of the church and residence of the tertiary community.
		Benedict XIII, in a Bull dated February 2, 1409, directed the Patriarch of Constantinople, Alfonso de Egea, Administrator of the See of Seville, to confirm in favor of the tertiaries, the transfer of the Church of San Juan Aznalfarache outside the walls of Seville.
	franciscanfriarstor.com /theorder/Provinces/stf_the_order_in_spain.htm (2743 words)

	Western Schism
		Urban had been a respected administrator in the papal chancery at Avignon; but once he was elected Pope, he became suspicious, overbearing, and subject to violent outbursts of temper.
		Later a council at Pisa was held in 1409 to try to solve the dispute, but it only resulted in the election of a third Pope, Pope Alexander V by the council, soon to be followed by Pope John XXIII.
		Finally, the Council of Constance in 1417 deposed John XXIII and the Avignon Pope Benedict XIII, received the resignation of the Roman Pope Gregory XII, and elected Pope Martin V, thereby ending the schism.
	www.starrepublic.org /encyclopedia/wikipedia/w/we/western_schism.html (445 words)

	Read about Council of Constance at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Council of Constance and learn about Council of ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Avignon Pope Benedict XIII deposed, condemnation of Jan Hus, election of Pope Martin V
		Council of Pisa had deposed both of the two claimant popes and elected a third pope, claiming that in such a situation, a council of bishops had greater authority than just one bishop, even if he be the bishop of Rome.
		Peter de Luna (Benedict XIII) had been eliminated, the successor to Urban VI was induced to resign, with great care to protect the legitimacy of the succession, ratifying all his acts, a new pontiff was chosen.
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Council_of_Constance (697 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Benedict XII
		The French king hindered Benedict's projected crusade against the infidels, making the war with England an excuse to forego his promise to lead the armies, and even diverting the money subscribed for it to financing his own wars, despite the protests of the conscientious pope.
		Benedict's crusading ardour found solace in Spain, where he encouraged the campaign against the Mohammedans who in 1339 invaded the peninsula.
		Reformer, foe of heresy, builder of the Avignon papal palace, unwilling ally of France and enemy of Germany, he made many enemies whose misrepresentations have inspired most non- Catholic appreciations of his character.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/02430a.htm (1267 words)

	Council of Constance (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Its main purpose was to end the Papal schism which had resulted from the Avignon Papacy, or as it is sometimes known, the "Babylonian Captivity of the Church." The Council of Constance marked the high point of the Conciliar movement to reform the Church.
		However, once two popes, Baldassare Cossa (John XXIII), who fled from Constance on March 20, 1415, and Peter de Luna (Benedict XIII) had been eliminated, the successor to Urban VI was induced to resign, with great care to protect the legitimacy of the succession, ratifying all his acts, a new pontiff was chosen.
		As feared, the new pope, Martin V, elected November 1417, soon asserted the absolute authority of the papal office, and the claim that a council might be superior to a single pope was set aside when it was later declared that a council of Bishops has no greater authority than the Pope.
	www.kiwipedia.com /council-of-constance.html (679 words)

	ipedia.com: Antipope Benedict XIII Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Antipope Benedict XIII, born Pedro de Luna, a Spaniard, was chosen by the French cardinals on the death of Clement VII in 1394.
		The greater portion of the church refused to recognze him, and in 1397 the French church, which had supported him, withdrew from allegiance to both popes, and in 1398 Benedict was imprisoned in his own palace at Avignon.
		Benedict abdicated in 1417, but was recognised by Scotland and Spain until his death in 1424.
	www.ipedia.com /antipope_benedict_xiii.html (201 words)

	Great Schism Information - TextSheet.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		In the second schism, the "schism of the west" in the fourteenth century, three (claimant) popes were elected at the same time.
		With movement of the emperor and political authority from Rome to Constantinople, a division was caused in the religious climate of the empire.
		The second, and temporary, schism in the Western church resulted from the return of the Papacy from Avignon to Rome by Pope Gregory XI in 1378, ending the Avignon Papacy.
	www.search-mesothelioma.com /encyclopedia/g/gr/great_schism.html (494 words)

	Can the Pope Retire? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Pope Benedict IX is notorious for holding the papacy three separate times.
		He was the nephew of Pope Benedict VIII (1012—1024) and Pope John XIX (1024—1032), and a member of one of the powerful families.
		Pope Gregory XII (1406—1415) was elected as the legitimate pope at a time when there were two anti-popes: the Avignon Pope, Benedict XIII, who was supported by the French king; and the Pisa Pope, John XXIII, who was supported by conciliarists of the renegade Council of Pisa.
	www.stfrances.org /vm/index.asp?vm_id=6&art_id=27743 (1228 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		In 1373 he began studies for the priesthood at Barcelona and was ordained in 1379, by Cardinal De Luna, the future Avignon pope, Benedict XIII.
		Vincent tried vainly to encourage Benedict to agree to resign with Urban so that a new pope could be elected, thus ending the schism and bringing back unity to the church.
		Vincent became convinced that Benedict, by his behavior, was not the true pope.
	www.christdesert.org /public_graphics/martyrology/names/v/vincent_ferrer.txt (580 words)

	Read about Western Schism at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Western Schism and learn about Western Schism here! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		chancery at Avignon; but once he was elected Pope, he became suspicious, overbearing, and subject to violent outbursts of temper.
		The two popes threw the Church into a turmoil; there had been antipopes, rival claimants to the papacy before, but most of them had been appointed by various rival factions.
		Pope Alexander V by the council, soon to be followed by
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Great_Western_Schism (421 words)

	Can the Pope Retire?
		Silverius, who was consecrated pope on June 1, 536, was the first pope forcibly deposed.
		He was the nephew of Pope Benedict VIII (1012 - 1024) and Pope John XIX (1024 - 1032), and a member of one of the powerful families.
		Pope Gregory XII (1406 - 1415) was elected as the legitimate pope at a time when there were two anti-popes: The Avignon Pope, Benedict XIII, who was supported by the French king; and the Pisa Pope, John XXIII, who was supported by conciliarists of the renegade Council of Pisa.
	www.catholiceducation.org /articles/religion/re0786.html (1221 words)

	Benedict XII -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		pope from 1334 to 1342; he was the third pontiff to reign at Avignon, where he devoted himself to reform of the church and its religious orders.
		He reigned in Avignon, Provence, in opposition to the reigning popes in Rome, during the Western Schism (1378–1417), when the Roman Catholic Church was split by national rivalries claiming the papal throne.
		The major cause of the schism was the move of the papacy to Avignon, France, early in the 14th century.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9078567 (612 words)

	COUNCIL OF CONSTANCE FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Former Pope Gregory XII was then created Cardinal Bishop of Porto by the Council, with rank immediately below the Pope (which made him the highest ranking person in the Church, since, due to his abdication, the See of Peter was vacant).
		However, once two anti-popes, Baldassare_Cossa (John XXIII), who fled from Constance on March 20, 1415, and Peter de Luna (Benedict XIII) had been eliminated, the successor to Urban_VI was induced to resign, with great care to protect the legitimacy of the succession, ratifying all his acts, a new pontiff was chosen.
		The new pope, Martin V, elected November 1417, soon asserted the absolute authority of the papal office, and the claim that a council might be superior to a single pope was set aside when it was later declared that a council of Bishops has no greater authority than the Pope.
	www.mrspell.com /Council_of_Constance (1193 words)

	Is Catholicism really the "one true Church"?
		Pope Clement V was elected by the College of Cardinals in 1305.
		Thus, after some deliberation, Gregory XII (humble, nervous) and Benedict XIII (goofy, dangerous) are both declared not popes at all, and the council picks Pope Alexander V. He dies pretty quickly.
		As for the pope, the apostles had a leader (Peter), this is clear from Scripture, and even Protestant theologians admit that in Matt 16, Peter had to be the rock.
	crossandflame.com /forum/phpBBToGo/thread.php?topic_id=10445 (3395 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Clement XIII
		In 1737 he was made cardinal-deacon, and in 1743 Bishop of Padua, where he distinguished himself by his zeal for the formation and sanctification of his clergy, to promote which he held a synod in 1746, and published a very remarkable pastoral on the priestly state.
		The pope's letter was written with exquisite courtesy and consideration, but Pombal pronounced it insulting to his master and returned it to the sender.
		For this purpose he caused various defamatory publications to be written, chief among which was the "Brief Relation", in which the American Jesuits were represented as having set up an independent kingdom in South America under their own sovereignty, and of tyrannizing over the Indians, all in the interest of an insatiable ambition and avarice.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/04032a.htm (2109 words)

	Popes & Patriarchs of Constantinople, Jerusalem, Alexandria, Antioch, etc.
		To Roman Catholics, the Pope may be the holiest man on earth, the heir and keeper of the deepest truths of religion.
		As with the Northern Emperors in Japan, the Popes at Avignon during the Schism are now considered Anti-Popes and not numbered in the succession.
		Popes from a similiar family, the Medici, are featured in the genealogy of the Medici given with the rulers of Tuscany.
	www.friesian.com /popes.htm (8673 words)

	WESTERN SCHISM FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The schism in the Western church resulted from the untimely return of the Papacy from Avignon to Rome by Pope_Gregory_XI in 1378, ending the Avignon_Papacy.
		The Cardinals who had elected him soon came to repent of their decision, and on September_20 the same year, the majority of them removed themselves from Rome to Fondi and elected a rival Pope there, who styled himself as Pope Clement VII and established a second Papal court in Avignon.
		Sustained by national and factional rivalries throughout Catholic Christendom, the schism survived the deaths of both initial claimants; Pope_Boniface_IX, crowned at Rome in 1389, and Antipope Benedict XIII, who reigned in Avignon from 1394, maintained their rival courts.
	www.witwib.com /Western_Schism (595 words)

	Western Schism biography .ms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The schism in the Western church resulted from the untimely return of the Papacy from Avignon to Rome by Pope Gregory XI in 1378, ending the Avignon Papacy.
		The cardinals who had elected him soon came to repent of their decision, and on September 20 the same year, the majority of them removed themselves to Fondi, and elected a rival Pope from there, who took the title of Pope Clement VII.
		European secular leaders had to choose which pope they would recognize; generally, France, Aragon, Burgundy, Savoy, Naples, and Scotland chose to recognise the Avignon claimants, while England, Germany, northern Italy and central Europe of the Holy Roman Empire followed the Roman claimant.
	western-schism.biography.ms (460 words)

	Fouteenth century history of the Church, saints and heresies
		Including the popes of the Papal Schism, there were nine popes with residence in Avignon, Clement V to Benedict XIII, inclusively
		Catherine of Siena, a Dominican, was with the Roman pope while St.
		Vincent Ferrer, another Dominican, was with the pope in Avignon.
	biblia.com /history/fourteen.htm (836 words)

	The Great Schism
		Cardinals, Priests, nobles, and the Romans in general were interested in it, because on the election to be made by the Conclave depended the residence of the future Pope at Avignon or at Rome.
		Cardinal Robert of Geneva, the future Clement VII of Avignon, wrote in the same strain to his relative, the King of France and to the Count of Flanders.
		Every Bull or letter of the Pope was to be sent to the King; no account was to be taken of privileges granted by the Pope; in future every dispensation was to be asked of the Ordinaries.
	www.hyperhistory.com /online_n2/civil_n2/histscript5_n2/schism1.html (1485 words)

	Great Schism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		A schism is a division or split caused by disagreement.
		Most commonly, "Great Schism" refers to the "great East-West schism", the split between the Eastern and Western churches in the eleventh century; the second schism, the "schism of the west" in the fourteenth century, refers to a time when three (claimant) popes were elected at the same time.
		The second, and temporary, schism resulted from the return of the Papacy from Avignon to Rome by Pope Gregory XI in 1378, ending the Avignon Papacy.
	www.wordlookup.net /gr/great-schism.html (609 words)

	Western Schism -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - Your gateway to all Britannica has to offer!
		The followers of the two popes were divided chiefly along national lines, and thus the dual papacy fostered the political antagonisms of the time.
		Under pressure from the emperor Sigismund, John XXIII convoked, in 1414, the Council of Constance, which deposed him, received the resignation of the Roman pope, Gregory XII, and dismissed the claims of the Avignon pope, Benedict XIII.
		a 9th-century-AD controversy between Eastern and Western Christianity that was precipitated by the opposition of the Roman pope to the appointment by the Byzantine emperor Michael III of the lay scholar Photius to the patriarchate of Constantinople.
	concise.britannica.com /ebc/article-9076669 (986 words)

	Franciscan Friars Third Order Regular - History
		The Pope took the Rule of Nicholas IV and adapted it to religious life by removing all those articles which referred to lay people and by adding guidelines for religious perfection.
		They were responding to the Bull Pastoralis Officii of Pope Nicholas V to hold the first General Chapter of the Order under the presidency of Bishop Antonio Severini of Gubbio, Bishop Venturino Marni of Cremona, and the Abbot of St. Paul Outside the Walls, Rome.
		In 1568, Pope Pius V suppressed the office of Minister General and placed the Order under the jurisdiction of the major superiors of the Friars Minor.
	www.franciscanfriarstor.com /resources/stf_briefhistorynew.htm (10993 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)