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	Avogadro's Law K-12 Experiments & Background
		Avogadro's law is one of the gas laws.
		The law is named after Amedeo Avogadro, who in 1811 hypothesized that equal volumes of gases, at the same temperature and pressure, contain the same number of particles, or molecules.
		Avogadro's law, together with the combined gas law, forms the ideal gas law.
	www.juliantrubin.com /encyclopedia/chemistry/avogadroslaw.html (300 words)

	Avogadro's Law
		It is the number of molecules of any gas present in a volume of 22.41 L and is the same for the lightest gas (hydrogen) as for a heavy gas such as carbon dioxide or bromine.
		Avogadro's number is one of the fundamental constants of chemistry.
		Avogadro's number (conventionally represented by N' in chemical calculations) is now considered to be the number of atoms present in 12 grams of the carbon-12 isotope (one mole of carbon 12) and can be applied to any type of chemical entity.
	www.chemistry.co.nz /avogadro.htm (202 words)

	Home page of Avogadro
		His father was a distinguished lawyer and civil servant, becoming a senator of Piedmont in 1768, and was appointed advocate general to the senate of Vittorio Amedeo III in 1777.
		In 1806, Avogadro was appointed demonstrator at the Academy of Turin, and in 1809 became professor of natural philosophy at the college of Vercelli.
		The chair was eventually reestablished in 1832, and Avogadro was reappointed to the position in 1834.
	www.bulldog.u-net.com /avogadro/avoga.html (1420 words)

	Amedeo Avogadro...SciPeeps.com
		Avogadro's Law implies that the relationship occurring between the weights of same volumes of different gases (at the same temperature and pressure) corresponds to the relationship between respective molecular weights.
		The greatest difficulty Avogadro had to resolve was the huge confusion at that time regarding atoms and molecules - one of most important contributions of Avogadro's work was clearly distinguishing one from the other, admitting that simple particles too could be composed of molecules, and that these are composed of atoms.
		Avogadro held public posts in statistics, meteorology, and weights and measures (he introduced decimal metric system in Piedmont) and was a member of the Royal Superior Council on Public Instruction.
	www.scipeeps.com /amedeoavogadro.html (910 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Amadeo Avogadro was an Italian scientist noted to be one of the founders of physical chemistry.
		Avogadro received no recognition for his hypothesis or his constant during his lifetime because he was not considered as a brilliant experimenter but rather, a careless one.
		Avogadro himself was born on June 9, 1776 in Turin, Italy.
	www.moleday.org /htdocs/avogadro.html (425 words)

	Avogadro\'s number (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Avogadro's number is named after the early 19th century Italian scientist Amedeo Avogadro.
		Avogadro's number is an artifact of the Definition of the kilogram.
		Avogadro's number is essentially just a conversion factor between the microscopic mass system (atomic mass units or Daltons) and the kilogram system.
	avogadros-number.iqnaut.net.cob-web.org:8888 (1143 words)

	Amedeo Avogadro
		Avogadro's fame rests on his proposal that equal volumes of all gases, under the same conditions of temperature and pressure, contain the same number of molecules.
		Avogadro also proposed that the simple gases, such as hydrogen and oxygen, might exist as molecules containing two atoms instead of one, a suggestion that seemed to conflict with the widely-accepted "indivisible" atomic theory of John Dalton.
		Avogadro's hypothesis has given rise to the concept of "gram-molecular weight" (a mass of a substance equal to its molecular weight expressed in grams), and to Avogadro's Number, which is the number of molecules contained by the gram-molecular weight of a substance.
	www.med.unipmn.it /avobio_uk.htm (506 words)

	Avogadro's number - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A mole is defined in the SI as Avogadro's number of particles of any kind of substance (atoms, ions, molecules, or formula units).
		For this reason, Avogadro's number is not considered a fundamental constant in the strictest sense.
		Avogadro's number can be regarded as a conversion factor between the microscopic mass system (atomic mass units or Daltons) and the kilogram system.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Avogadro's_number (1302 words)

	Equal Numbers in Equal Volumes: Avogadro
		Avogadro's ideas removed an important obstacle to the determination of atomic weights by allowing molecular formulas to be determined independently of mass measurements, at least for volatile compounds.
		Avogadro's figures differ from Dalton's, besides the difference due to accuracy of the analysis, because Avogadro recognizes that water has two atoms of hydrogen for every atom of oxygen.
		Avogadro attempts to make a distinction between situations in which definite proportions apply and those in which variable proportions are permitted; however, it is not the modern distinction between compounds and mixtures (chapter 8, note 40).
	web.lemoyne.edu /~giunta/EA/AVOGADROann.HTML (3812 words)

	BioEd Online Slides: Avogadro, solutions, mole, formulas, Avogadro
		Avogadroâs formal education was in law, and in fact, he had a successful legal career.
		Avogadro further suggested that at the same temperature and pressure, equal volumes of all gases contain the same number of molecules.
		Avogadroâs number currently is based upon the definition of atomic mass, the atomic number for carbon, and the SI unit for mass.
	www.bioedonline.org /slides/slide01.cfm?q=Avogadro (469 words)

	Emptiness (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		AVOGADRO LAW, a declaration that under same conditions of the temperature and the pressure, the equal volumes of diverse gases contains an equal number of molecules.
		In the meter-kilogram-second system(of mks) of units, the constant of Avogadro is the number of molecules in kilogram-I run into of a substance, defined as the molecular weight in kilograms.
		C and 1 pressure of the atmosphere, and is equal for all gases according to the law of Avogadro.
	vacuum.mixa.cc (3121 words)

	Avogadro's Hypothesis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Avogadro's work, even if it was read appears not to have been understood, and was pushed into the dark recesses of chemistry libraries and ignored.
		Avogadro continued to teach at the university of Turin, when it was not closed because of the political upheavals going on in Italy at the time, and died in 1854, an unknown figure.
		Although Avogadro had no idea what the number of particles in equal volumes of gases was, and did nothing to measure it, his hypothesis did lead to the eventual determination of this number, 6.02 x 10
	www.carlton.paschools.pa.sk.ca /chemical/molemass/avogadro.htm (1298 words)

	Some Notes on Avogadro's Number, 6
		Amadeo Avogadro (1776-1856) was the author of Avogadro's Hypothesis in 1811, which, together with Gay-Lussac's Law of Combining Volumes, was used by Stanislao Cannizzaro to elegantly remove all doubt about the establishment of the atomic weight scale at the Karlsruhe Conference of 1860.
		Avogadro's important hypothesis on the identity of the numbers of molecules in equal volumes of different gases at the same pressure and temperature was formulated in 1811, and is appropriately associated with his name; but Avogadro made no quantitative estimate of either of the above-mentioned constants.
		The first actual estimate of the number of molecules in one cubic centimetre of a gas under standard conditions was made in 1865 by Loschmidt, and from this the number of molecules (atoms) in a gram molecule (atom) was later evaluated.
	iweb.tntech.edu /chem281-tf/avogadro.htm (989 words)

	Amedeo Avogadro
		Avogadro also astutely reasoned that simple gases were not formed of solitary atoms but were instead compound molecules of two or more atoms.
		In addition, Avogadro was not part of an active community of chemists: the Italy of his day was far from the centers of chemistry in France, Germany, England, and Sweden, where Berzelius was based.
		Avogadro succeeded to his father's title, earned degrees in law, and began to practice as an ecclesiastical lawyer.
	www.chemheritage.org /classroom/chemach/periodic/avogadro.html (430 words)

	The Avogadro Group \| Air Quality Products, Services & Technology
		The Avogadro Group, LLC is a source testing and consulting firm that focuses on combustion and process-generated air pollution emissions, emission measurement, emission control devices, CEM systems, and regulatory affairs.
		Avogadro possesses technical expertise for a variety of stationary combustion and industrial process devices and specializes in the measurement of low-concentration emissions of air toxic contaminants and criteria pollutants.
		Avogadro has offices in Antioch, California, Medford and Portland, Oregon and services clients throughout the United States.
	www.avogadrogroup.com (136 words)

	Amedeo Avogadro Biography \| World of Physics
		Avogadro was born in Turin, Italy, on August 9, 1776, the son of Count Filippo Avogadro and Anna Maria Vercellone.
		Count Avogadro was a lawyer, civil servant, and senator for the state of Piedmont.
		The solution Avogadro suggested is that the smallest particle of an element can sometimes consist of twoatoms joined together in a molecule, a term he invented for the new particle.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/amedeo-avogadro-wop (769 words)

	Scientific American: How was Avogadro's number determined? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Avogadro was a lawyer who became interested in mathematics and physics, and in 1820 he became the first professor of physics in Italy.
		Avogadro is most famous for his hypothesis that equal volumes of different gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of particles.
		Accurate determinations of Avogadro’s number require the measurement of a single quantity on both the atomic and macroscopic scales using the same unit of measurement.
	www.sciam.com /print_version.cfm?articleID=0001E5EE-E606-102B-A60683414B7F012D (444 words)

	AMEDEO AVOGADRO
		Avogadro’s hypothesis, in conjunction with Gay-Lussac’s law should have allowed the molecular formulae and atomic weight of gases to be determined experimentally, but Avogadro’s paper on this subject attracted very little attention, since it was supported by so little experimental evidence.
		The Avogadro constant is a huge number, and one may ask, “how was it ever derived?” It can be determined from X-Ray diffraction studies.
		The Avogadro constant, L, = volume of one mole of atoms/volume of one atom.
	www.stormpages.com /aboutchemists/avogadro.html (962 words)

	Amedeo Avogadro (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The greatest difficulty Avogadro had to resolve was the huge confusion at that time regarding atoms and molecules – one of most important contributions of Avogadro's work was clearly distinguishing one from the other, admitting that simple particles too could be composed of molecules, and that these are composed of atoms.
		In honor of Avogadro's contributions to the theory of molarity and molecular weights, the number of molecules in one mole was renamed Avogadro's number, N
		Avogadro, Amedeo Avogadro, Amedeo Avogadro, Amedeo bn:&2438;&2478;&2494;&2470;&2495;&2451; &2438;&2477;&2507;&2455;&2494;&2470;&2509;&2480;&2507; cs:Amedeo Avogadro de:Lorenzo Romano Amedeo Carlo Avogadro es:Amedeo Avogadro fr:Amedeo Avogadro it:Amedeo Avogadro he:&1488;&1502;&1491;&1488;&1493; &1488;&1489;&1493;&1490;&1491;&1512;&1493; nl:Amedeo Avogadro ja:&12450;&12513;&12487;&12458;&12539;&12450;&12532;&12457;&12460;&12489;&12525; ka:&4304;&4309;&4317;&4306;&4304;&4307;&4320;&4317;, &4304;&4315;&4308;&4307;&4308;&4317; pl:Amadeo Avogadro sk:Amadeo Avogadro sl:Amadeo Avogadro fi:Amedeo Avogadro sv:Amadeo Avogadro
	amedeo-avogadro.iqnaut.net.cob-web.org:8888 (877 words)

	Avogadro's Hypothesis -- from Eric Weisstein's World of Physics
		published a hypothesis (also termed Avogadro's law or principle) stating that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the number of molecules of the gas.
		and others also believed such a proportionality must exist, but what made Avogadro's hypothesis complete and correct was his new definition of a molecule as the smallest characteristic particle of a substance which may be a single elementary atom or a permanent union of several elementary atoms.
		He proposed that some gases, such as hydrogen and oxygen, consisted of diatomic molecules and a water molecule could consist of three elementary atoms, two of hydrogen and one of oxygen.
	scienceworld.wolfram.com /physics/AvogadrosHypothesis.html (304 words)

	Gas Laws: Avogadro's Law (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Charles's Law (sometimes called the Gay-Lussac Law) states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas, provided the amount of gas and pressure are held constant.
		These studies led Avogadro to address the question of how the amount of gas affect the volume of the gas and how best to think about the amount of a gas.
		Avogadro played an important role in establishing the existence of atoms.
	www.chm.davidson.edu /ChemistryApplets/GasLaws/AvogadrosLaw.html (759 words)

	Avogadro's Law - Search Results - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Avogadro's Law, fundamental law of chemistry stating that under identical conditions of temperature and pressure, equal volumes of gases contain an...
		The study of gases attracted the attention of the Italian physicist Amedeo Avogadro, who in 1811 formulated an important law bearing his name.
		Periodic Law, in chemistry, law stating that many of the physical and chemical properties of the elements tend to recur in a systematic manner with...
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Avogadro's_Law.html (148 words)

	Avogadro's Number and the Mole
		The kilo Avogadro number for the count of particles in a kilomole is 6.022 x 10
		The milli Avogadro number for the count of particles in a millimole is 6.022 x 10
		Avogadro's number would be larger by a factor of 454.
	www.800mainstreet.com /6/0006-003-avogadro.htm (741 words)

	Amedeo Avogadro - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Count Lorenzo Romano Amedeo Carlo Avogadro di Quaregna e Cerreto (August 9, 1776–July 9, 1856) was an Italian chemist, most noted for his contributions to the theory of molarity and molecular weight.
		Amedeo Avogadro was born in Turin to a noble ancient family of Piedmont, Italy.
		In honour of Avogadro's contributions to the theory of molarity and molecular weights, the number of molecules in one mole was renamed Avogadro's number, N
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Amedeo_Avogadro (965 words)

	Amedeo Avogadro
		Amedeo Carlo Avogadro, conte di Quaregna e di Cerreto, was born in Turin, Italy, on 9th August, 1776.
		Dalton had no method of measuring atomic weights unambiguously, so made the incorrect assumption that in the most common compound between two elements, there was one atom of each.
		Avogadro suggested that equal volumes of all gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules, which became known as Avogadro's Principle.
	www.corrosion-doctors.org /Biographies/AvogadroBio.htm (678 words)

	Openwave - News Room - OPENWAVE TO ACQUIRE AVOGADRO
		Avogadro is developing an instant messaging product to provide communication service providers the ability to deliver next generation communications services in a multi-device environment.
		Avogadro's technology is expected to contribute to revenues in calendar year 2002 following completion of market trials which Openwave expects to occur later this year.
		The Company expects the acquisition of Avogadro to be accretive to pro forma earnings per share in the calendar year 2002.
	www.openwave.com /us/news_room/press_releases/2001/20010510_avogadro_0510.htm (735 words)

	Avogadro - Legal Mentions
		AVOGADRO company, along with its members, retains the copyright to www.avogadro-lab.com and its contents, unless otherwise expressly stated in certain cases.
		However, Avogadro company and its members assume no liability for any loss or damage as a consequence of the published material or its use by third parties, regardless of whether this is due to errors in or the inappropriateness of the material, or for other reasons.
		Avogadro company and its members welcome the construction of links, where relevant, to www.avogadro-lab.com.
	www.avogadro-lab.com /mentions.php (674 words)

	Avogadro Partners, LLC
		Avogadro's mission is to create successful, early stage companies based on promising Small Tech: nano- and micro-technologies developed by private companies and leading research institutions.
		Avogadro contributes other key functions such as corporate development, as part of the management team, generally providing top management services and support to new ventures for up to the first two years.
		Avogadro Investment Management, LLC is an investment management group that provides investment and management services for its venture funds.
	www.avogadro.us /aboutus.html (757 words)

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