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Topic: Ayatollah Khomeini

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	Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini
		Khomeini became a highly respected religious teacher, based in Qom, but his position was not a leading one, when he in 1963 was arrested for opposing land reform and women's emancipation.
		Khomeini is probably the one force most responsible for the length of the Gulf War against Iraq, which could have ended years before 1988.
		Khomeini's control over Iranian politics must have been strong in his 10 years period, but there were many interests opposing his politics, and the effect of his rule was often disturbed by this.
	www.i-cias.com /e.o/khomeini.htm (378 words)

	Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini
		Khomeini became a highly respected religious teacher, based in Qom, but his position was not a leading one, when he in 1963 was arrested for opposing land reform and women's emancipation.
		Khomeini is probably the one force most responsible for the length of the Gulf War against Iraq, which could have ended years before 1988.
		Khomeini's control over Iranian politics must have been strong in his 10 years period, but there were many interests opposing his politics, and the effect of his rule was often disturbed by this.
	lexicorient.com /e.o/khomeini.htm (378 words)

	History of Iran: Ayatollah Khomeini
		Khomeini's grandfather, Seyed Ahmad, left Lucknow (according to a statement of Khomeini's elder brother, Seyed Morteza Pasandideh, his point of departure was Kashmir, not Lucknow) some time in the middle of the nineteenth century on pilgrimage to the tomb of Hazrat 'Ali in Najaf.
		Ayatollah Khomeini reacted with a message in which he declared the events in Qom and similar disturbances elsewhere to be a sign of hope that "freedom and liberation from the bonds of imperialism" were at hand.
		Shah decided to seek the deportation of Ayatollah Khomeini from Iraq, the agreement of the Iraqi government was obtained at a meeting between the Iraqi and Iranian foreign ministers in New York, and on September 24, 1978, the Khomeini's house in Najaf was surrounded by troops.
	www.iranchamber.com /history/rkhomeini/ayatollah_khomeini.php (2085 words)

	Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini - dKosopedia
		Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini (May 17, 1900 - June 3, 1989) was an Iranian Shia Islamist cleric and the political and spiritual leader of the 1979 revolution that overthrew Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the then Shah of Iran.
		Khomeini became the center of a large personality cult, and opposition to the religious rule or Islam in general was often met with harsh punishments.
		Khomeini is considered by many as one of the most influential men (for good or bad) of the 20th century, and was named Time Magazine's Man of the Year in 1980.
	www.dkosopedia.com /wiki/Ayatollah_Ruhollah_Khomeini (700 words)

	Ayatollah Khomeini - MSN Encarta
		Ayatollah Khomeini (1900?-1989), full name Sayyid Ruhollah al-Musavi al-Khomeini, religious leader who, from exile, led the popular revolution that toppled Muhammad Reza Shah Pahlavi of Iran in 1979.
		Khomeini was the son of Sayyid Mostafa, a religious scholar who died six months after Khomeini was born.
		In the early 1920s his teacher moved to Qom (Qum) and Khomeini followed, rising from the rank of pupil to ayatollah, a term for a leading Shia scholar that literally means “gift of God.” He embraced mysticism, which teaches the relinquishing of earthly pleasures in favor of a life spent contemplating God’s mysteries.
	encarta.msn.com /encnet/refpages/RefArticle.aspx?refid=761562182 (664 words)

	Ayatollah Khomeini - Demopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Ayatollah Seyyed Ruhollah Khomeini (آیت‌الله روح‌الله خمینی in Persian) (May 17, 1900 – June 3, 1989) was an Iranian Shia cleric and the political and spiritual leader of the 1979 revolution that overthrew Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the then Shah of Iran.
		Khomeini wrote a book Guardianship of the Islamic Jurists: all laws in an Islamic society should be based on the laws of Islam, all laws and activities should be monitored by authorities on Islamic law (guardians), there should be no king.
		In early 1989, Khomeini, in a fatwa, ruled the killing of Salman Rushdie a religious duty for Muslims, because of alleged blasphemy against Muhammad.
	demopedia.democraticunderground.com /index.php/Ayatollah_Khomeini (752 words)

	Ruhollah Khomeini
		Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini (May 17, 1900 - June 30, 1989) was an Iranian Shiite fundamentalist cleric[?] and spiritual leader of the 1979 revolution that overthrew Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the then Shah of Iran.
		Khomeini stated on February 23, 1980 that Iran's parliament would decide the fate of the American embassy hostages.
		Khomeini is considered by some as one of the most influential men (for good or bad) of the 20th century, and was name Time Magazine's Man of the Year in 1980.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/kh/Khomeni.html (1213 words)

	Ayatollah Khomeini
		Khomeini had previously abused the fatwa to deliver death sentences to thousands of his domestic political opponents, which was already a gross distortion of the original concept of the fatwa.
		The precedent set by Khomeini was subsequently exploited by Osama bin Laden, who issued religious edicts that purported to give the force of Islamic morality to his politically motivated attacks on the United States.
		Ayatollah Khomeini arrested and thrown in prison by the Shah of Iran.
	www.rotten.com /library/bio/religion/ayatollah-khomeni (1390 words)

	Ayatollah Khomeini, Ted Thornton, NMH, Northfield Mount Hermon
		Khomeini was descended from the Mussavi Sayyeds, a family tracing its lineage from the Prophet Muhammad through the Shiite seventh imam, Musa al-Kazem.
		Khomeini came to believe that he embodied this "Perfect Man." So preoccupied did he become with his mission that after the revolution, officials who came to see him often left complaining that he had no time or patience for real people with real problems.
		By the early 1960s, Khomeini had become the point man in Shia religious resistance against modernizing reforms in Iran, embodied in the Shah's self-styled "White Revolution." The Shia had also been deeply offended by the Shah's glorification of Iran's Persian past in his coronation ceremony (held in 1971).
	www.nmhschool.org /tthornton/mehistorydatabase/ayatollah_ruhollah_khomeini.htm (506 words)

	Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Khomeini's criticisms of Reza Shah Pahlevi led to his exile in 1964.
		Khomeini's rule was marked by the Iran hostage crisis and the Iran-Iraq War.
		Ayatollah Ruhollah KHOMEINI's portrait is exhibited by the crowd attending the opening of the university.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-khomeini.html (346 words)

	AsiaSource: Asia Biography - a resource of the Asia Society
		Ayatollah al-Uzma Sayyid Ruhollah Musavi Khomeini was a Shi’ite scholar and mystic.
		Although Khomeini’s first two decades in Qom were largely devoid of political activity, primarily because of the quietist policies of Ha’eri, he participated in the 1923 protest movement led by Agha Nurollah Isfahani, delivered well-attended lectures on ethics that had political implications, and composed poetry that was partly political in content.
		The beginning of Khomeini’s political role and his emergence as a national leader who was well know beyond the confines of Qom came when he led a successful campaign in the fall of 1962 for the repeal of laws governing elections to local and provincial councils.
	www.asiasource.org /society/khomeini.cfm (1091 words)

	Ruhollah Musavi Khomeini, Ayatollah Biography \| Encyclopedia of World Biography
		Ayatollah Ruhollah Musavi Khomeini (1902-1989) was the founder and supreme leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran.
		The hallmark of this phase was the emergence of Khomeini as the founder and the supreme leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran.
		Khomeini deemed Rushdie's novel The Satanic Verses to be blasphemous because of its unflattering portrait of Islam.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/ruhollah-musavi-khomeini-ayatollah (1429 words)

	Ayatollah Khomeini: Iran's Islamic Revolutionary
		Khomeini’s strict Shia Islamic law made women inferior beings, and opposition to this law was greeted with harsh punishments ranging from imprisonment to torture to execution.
		However, as Khomeini did not appear on the historic radar until the middle of the 20th century, the date of his birth is merely a trivial tidbit.
		Khomeini relocated to a suburb of Paris in 1978.
	www.hyperhistory.net /apwh/bios/b1khomeini.htm (1389 words)

	Ayatollah Khomeini calls for overthrow of Iranian regime - Sean Hannity Discussion
		For example [Ayatollah Mahmoud] Taleqani, who was frequently imprisoned in the days of the Shah, and after the revolution was harshly persecuted by [the regime] for denouncing violations of the law.
		Khomeini further said that his meeting with the son of the deposed Shah Reza Pahlavi was "an ordinary meeting with a man who shares my suffering.
		The last Khomeini I heard of was when the Iranian leader's corpse was pulled from the coffin and dragged through the streets in one of those typical Islam religious ceremony/riots.
	www.hannity.com /forum/showthread.php?t=74059 (1166 words)

	BBC - History - Ayatollah Khomeini (1900-1989)
		Khomeini was an Iranian religious and political leader, who in 1979 made Iran the world's first Islamic republic.
		Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini was born in Kohmeyn in central Iran.
		In 1962 Khomeini was arrested for his outspoken opposition to the pro-Western regime of the Shah.
	www.bbc.co.uk /history/historic_figures/khomeini_ayatollah.shtml (325 words)

	IRAN - "Who was the Ayatollah Khomeini?" - Persian Journal Article Latest Iran news & Iranian newspaper ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Khomeini had demonstrated an unbending, single-minded resolve and capability to hold all institutions and individuals in line, but now, previously concealed dissent among the major players has sprung to the fore.
		Later in 1979, Khomeini's brand of "Islamic" revolution was tanamount to an invasion of Iran, which accurately describes the action of a foreign national taking over a country in which he was neither born nor had any Persian blood in his veins -- at all, paternally or maternally.
		In fact, one of the first actions which Khomeini took, within hours of his return to Iran, was to execute two prominent men who were living proof of his origin and also of his false ayatollah status.
	www.iranian.ws /iran_news/publish/article_15316.shtml (2956 words)

	Jihad Watch: Dallas: A tribute to the great Islamic visionary, Ayatollah Khomeini
		This bizarre use of sentient protoplasm, AKA the late Ayatollah Khomeini, and all of his venal followers, are a poisonous cul de sac in the hopefully opening development of the knowledge of the Koran by Muslim believers.
		Khomeini should show the world the sort of thinking that is taken as leadership and scholarship in the moslem world is insulting to any intelligent being.
		Khomeini may not be corrupt in the sense that Saddam was corrupt, but the taking of so young a female as a wife is symptomatic of of an ideology that requires unquestioning submission of its adherents.
	www.jihadwatch.org /archives/004300.php (4755 words)

	Ayatollah Khomeini
		Ayatollah Khomeini died on June 4, 1989, leaving a legacy of destruction and sorrow behind him.
		Khomeini promised heaven and justice but transformed Iran to a minefield of slaughter and butchery from each of its four corners.
		Ayatollah Khomeini will have his place in the dark records of the Iranian contemporary history as a man full of hate and ignorance who chose the gradual destruction of a country for fulfilling his thirst of revenge and egocentrism.
	www.arizonapersian.com /iran/_disc4/000000e9.htm (422 words)

	Middle East Transparent - Ayatollah Khomeini's Grandson: Revolution Devoured its Children (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In the interview, Ayatollah Hussein Khomeini argued that the "rule of the jurisprudent" was not based on Shi'ite religious principle, but developed for historical reasons having to do with persecution of clerics in pre-revolutionary Iran.
		Khomeini also objected to the principle of "[the rule of] the jurisprudent" [velayat-e faqih].
		[1] Ayatollah Hussein Khomeini was born in Tehran in 1958.
	www.metransparent.com /texts/memri_ayatollah_khomeiny_grandson.htm (847 words)

	The Biography Channel - Ayatollah Khomeini Biography
		After his father was killed by bandits, the young Khomeini was brought up by his mother and aunt.
		In 1962 he became politically active and openly protested against the torturing and imprisonment of the people by the Shah of Iran, whose regime was seen to be safeguarding the interests of the US.
		On June 3 1963, Khomeini made a historical speech against the dependence of the Shahâs regime on foreign powers, and its support of Israel.
	www.thebiographychannel.co.uk /biography_home/697:0/Ayatollah_Khomeini.htm (429 words)

	[No title]
		Khomeini was elevated to the status of Ayatollah in the 1950s.
		Early in his rule, Khomeini was popularly known as "Leader of the Revolution." Later he held the title of "Supreme Spiritual Leader." He is considered to be the founder of the modern Shiite State, and he called for similar Islamic revolutions across the Middle East.
		Khomeini's fatwa against Rushdie was consistent with his preferred method of dealing with "infidels." "If one permits an infidel to continue in his role as a corrupter of the earth," said Khomeini, "his moral suffering will be all the worse.
	www.discoverthenetworks.org /individualProfile.asp?indid=670 (452 words)

	The Story of the Revolution Part 1 - BBC Persian
		Ayatollah Khomeini's advisor, Abol Hassan Bani-Sadr, says he persuaded the Ayatollah not to meet the Iranian Prime Minister.
		After the big march in Arba'in, Ayatollah Khomeini in a message to his supporters promised he would soon be among them in Iran.
		Ayatollah Khomeini's supporters were preparing to welcome him back to Iran.
	www.bbc.co.uk /persian/revolution/rev_01.shtml (328 words)

	State Department Human Rights Report: Only a Glimpse Of Khomeini's Bloody Failure
		Khomeini's reluctant acceptance in mid-1988 of the "poison cup" of peace, urged upon him by virtually every member of a despairing inner circle of advisers, signaled the opening of a bloodbath as bad as any of the previous waves of executions that followed his regime's assumption of power.
		The Khomeini regime has established Iran as a theocratic state whose citizens are not free to question or to change this theocratic form of government," the report says.
		There was also the Ayatollah's widely publicized suggestion that Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev look to the Quran for a solution to his economic problems at home, followed by the demand, again widely publicized, during Soviet Foreign Minister Eduard Shevardnadze's late February visit, for a progress report on Gorbachev's Islamic studies.
	www.washington-report.org /backissues/0489/8904005.html (2446 words)

	Who is the Ayatollah Khomeini? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Khomeini had demonstrated an unbending, single-minded resolve and capability to hold all institutions and individuals in line, but now, previously concealed dissent among the major players has sprung to the fore.When the veil of democratic and fair elections was torn away by the hardliners, it revealed more than was intended.
		He refused to accept Ruhollah Khomeini as an ayatollah and with the influence Mussa Sadr enjoyed, he became an insurmountable obstacle to Khomeinis political plans, and of those who supported the overthrow of the Shah and needed a despot like Khomeini to be their cats paw.
		Prior to his return to Iran in 1979, Khomeini openly stated that he would kill as many Iranians he considered everyone in Iran guilty in advance as there were hairs on the head of his son, killed in a car accident, but in his mind killed by Iranian authorities.
	rescueattempt.tripod.com /id23.html (2931 words)

	History of Iran: Iran after the victory of 1979's Revolution
		The prime minister found he had to share power with the Revolutionary Council, which Ayatollah Khomeini had established in January 1979 and which initially was composed of clerics close to Ayatollah Khomeini, secular political leaders identified with Bazargan, and two representatives of the armed forces.
		The Pasdaran was conceived by the men around Ayatollah Khomeini as a military force loyal to the Revolution and the clerical leaders, as a counterbalance for the regular army, and as a force to use against the guerrilla organizations of the left, which were also arming.
		Ayatollah Khomeini, invoking his powers as commander in chief, used the army against other Iranians for the first time since the Revolution.
	www.iranchamber.com /history/islamic_revolution/revolution_and_iran_after1979_1.php (1933 words)

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