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Topic: Azad Jammu and Kashmir

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	Azad Kashmir
		Azad Kashmir, a name which means "Free Kashmir" in Urdu, is claimed to be an independent state established by Pakistan in a part of the former princely state of Jammu & Kashmir that is occupied by Pakistan.
		Ostensibly autonomous, the Islamic Republic of Azad Jammu & Kashmir is administered directly by a Secretary to the Pakistan Government - the Secretary for Azad Jammu & Kashmir - while it has a nominally independent setup, with President, Prime Minister, legislature, etc.
		Although styled Azad Kashmir, the Islamic Republic of Azad Jammu & Kashmir is predominantly populated by the Hindko[?] nationality, speaking the Hindko language.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/az/Azad_Kashmir.html (179 words)

	Facts Sheet Kashmir - ContactPakistan.com
		The State of Jammu and Kashmir is bordered in north by China, east by autonomous region of Tibet, south by Indian states of Himachal Pradesh and Punjab, and west by Pakistan.
		The State of Jammu and Kashmir has historically remained independent, except in the anarchical conditions of the late 18th and first half of the 19th century, or when incorporated in the vast empires set up by the Mauryas (3rd century BC), the Mughals (16th to 18th century) and the British (mid-19th to mid-20th century).
		Although Kashmir was not the cause of 1971 war between the two countries, a limited war did occur on the Kashmir front in December 1971.
	www.contactpakistan.com /kashmir/facts-kashmir.htm (2412 words)

	Urgent Issues - Center for JustPeace in Asia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The president of AJK is the vice chairman and the prime minister of AJK is a mere member of the council.
		When the interim constitution of Azad Kashmir was proclaimed in 1947, the Muzaffarabad government took the line that the Karachi Agreement, which had temporarily placed the NA under the control of Pakistan, had lapsed and that this region should de jure and de facto revert to Azad Kashmir, to which it legitimately belonged.
		In its verdict on March 8, 1993, the full bench of the Azad Kashmir High Court declared the NA to be a part of the territory of Jammu and Kashmir.
	daga.dhs.org /justpeace/urgent/articles/kashmir/dividefreedom.html (1881 words)

	Jammu & Kashmir
		Kashmir is an area on the northern borders of India and Pakistan; officially known as Jammu and Kashmir.
		The capitals of Indian-held Kashmir are Srinagar in the summer and Jammu in the winter; whilst the capital of Azad Kashmir is Muzaffarabad.
		India maintains that Kashmir is an integral part of India based on the claim that the state was acceded to the Indian Union by the last ruler of Kashmir.
	www.ummah.net /kashmir (1000 words)

	Kashmir Information
		India’s forcible occupation of the State of Jammu and Kashmir in 1947 is the main cause of the dispute.
		The UNSC Resolution of 21 April 1948--one of the principal UN resolutions on Kashmir—stated that “both India and Pakistan desire that the question of the accession of Jammu and Kashmir to India or Pakistan should be decided through the democratic method of a free and impartial plebiscite”.
		The Kashmir problem will be solved the moment international community decides to intervene in the matter—to put an end to Indian state terrorism in Occupied Kashmir and to implement UN resolutions.
	www.travel-culture.com /pakistan/kashmir.shtml (2482 words)

	Azad Kashmir (Pakistan) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		I've since learned that the palm frond device is generally used as the emblem of Azad Kashmir - surrounded by a crescent it forms the central element in the regimental badge of the Pakistan Army's Azad Kashmir Regiment.
		The official flag of the Government of the State of Azad Jammu and Kashmir was adopted on 24th September 1975.
		The flag was adopted by the passing of the Azad Jammu and Kashmir State Flag Ordinance, 1975 by the then president, Sardar Mohammad Ibrahim Khan.
	www.fotw.us /flags/pk-azkas.html (784 words)

	"With Friends Like These...": Human Rights Violations in Azad Kashmir: I. Summary
		Kashmir is one of the most heavily militarized regions of the world, and those buried under the rubble and their relatives who tried frantically to dig them out with their bare hands would have been justified in thinking that help would arrive rapidly.
		For that engagement to be effective and beneficial to the people of Azad Kashmir, it is essential that international actors approach the territory with an awareness of its particular history and its fraught, often tense and unhappy relationship with the Pakistani state in general and the Pakistani military in particular.
		Azad Kashmir is a land of strict curbs on political pluralism, freedom of expression, and freedom of association; a muzzled press; banned books; arbitrary arrest and detention and torture at the hands of the Pakistani military and the police; and discrimination against refugees from Jammu and Kashmir state.
	www.hrw.org /reports/2006/pakistan0906/2.htm (2436 words)

	Nothing left to lose
		Despite AJK’s dependent status, however, because of the emotional content of the Kashmir issue for large numbers of Pakistanis (although it can be argued that this tribe is declining with the passage of time), the liberation rhetoric of Kashmir has given AJK politicians the power to shake up Pakistani politics from time to time.
		Kashmir is described as the ‘core’ issue between Pakistan and India, and one that even goes to the ‘core’ of the undefined and undefinable ‘Pakistan Ideology’.
		AJK politicians reacted to the Lahore Declaration by describing it as an attempt to flog the dead horse of the Shimla Accord.
	www.himalmag.com /99May/lose.htm (1220 words)

	WATANDOST: Inside News About Pakistan: Inside "Azad" Kashmir
		Part 2 of section 7 of the constitution says that "no person or political party in Azad Jammu and Kashmir shall be permitted to propagate against or take part in activities prejudicial or detrimental to the ideology of the state's accession to Pakistan".
		Under section 5 (2) (vii) of the AJK Legislative Assembly Election Ordinance 1970, a person will be disqualified for propagating any opinion or action in any manner prejudicial to the ideology of Pakistan, the ideology of state's accession to Pakistan or the sovereignty and integrity of Pakistan.
		The AJK assembly has unanimously declared that Northern Areas were part of Kashmir and in 1993 the AJK High Court ordered the state government to take over control of Gilgit and Baltistan.
	watandost.blogspot.com /2006/10/inside-azad-kashmir.html (1288 words)

	FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT IN AZAD JAMMU
		The Government of Azad and Jammu and Kashmir (GOAJK) assisted by United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO), is engaged in an institute building and community development project- Fisheries Development in Azad Jammu and Kashmir - PAK/94/005.
		In AJK, Fish culture is not considered as a traditional activity; however, some of the private sector farmers in the southern district has adopted this activity influenced by the example of the neighbour province of Pakistan.
		To start with the activity in a complex place like AJK, having diversified geography and very variable climatic conditions, initially seven species of fish were selected having doubt on the survival of warm water indigenous fish in the northern districts of AJK due to the cold temperature.
	www.fao.org /docrep/field/382453.htm (12413 words)

	Kashmir, burninf Kashmir, indian terror,
		Kashmir is the world’s oldest dispute in the UN records today.
		Pakistan and the international community consider Kashmir to be the core issue between India and Pakistan while India claims Kashmir to be its ‘ integral’ part.
		The fact is that all the principles on the basis of which the Indian subcontinent was partitioned by the British in 1947 justify Kashmir becoming a part of Pakistan: the State had majority Muslim population, and it not only enjoyed geographical proximity with Pakistan but also had essential economic linkages with the territories constituting Pakistan.
	www.paknation.netfirms.com /kashmir.htm (582 words)

	Azad Kashmir - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Azad Kashmir (Urdu: آزاد کشمیر‎, English: Free Kashmir), is part of the Pakistani administered section of the state of Jammu and Kashmir, along with the Northern Areas; its official name is Azad Jammu and Kashmir.
		The dispute has not yet been solved and the part of Kashmir to the west of that Cease-Fire Line or the Line of Control continues to be administered by Pakistan.
		The population of Azad Kashmir includes the Potwari (whose language includes the Mirpuri dialect),Pathans.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Azad_Kashmir (706 words)

	The Kashmir Story - Chapter 5 - Pakistan-Occupied-Kashmir, Tashkent And the Shimla Agreement
		The Azad Jammu and Kashmir Interim Constitution Act 1974 obliges all leaders from the President down and all legislators to swear loyalty to the cause of accession of the state of Jammu and Kashmir to Pakistan.
		The existence of the Government of the State of Jammu and Kashmir was explicitly recognized and so indeed was the State's accession to India and assumption of external sovereignty.
		Rule 5 said: The President of Azad Kashmir Government shall hold office during the pleasure of the All Jammu and Kashmir Muslim Conference duly recognized as such by the Government of Pakistan in the Ministry of Kashmir Affairs.
	www.hindubooks.org /Kashmir/ch5.htm (1426 words)

	Everything you need to know about Azad Jammu and Kashmir \| Pakistani Forces Forum \| PakistaniForces.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Kashmir may be a cause to a likely nuclear disaster in South Asia, which should be averted with an intervention by the international community.
		Firstly the state of Jammu and Kashmir was a region with an overwhelming Muslim majority contiguous to the Muslim majority region of Punjab, which became part of Pakistan.
		An instrument of Accession of Jammu and Kashmir to India is alleged to have been signed by Maharaja on 26 October 1947 and the acceptance of this Instrument was made by Governor General of India on 27 October 1947.
	www.pakistaniforces.com /forums/showthread.php?t=1967 (8699 words)

	Districts of Kashmir .: AL HASSAN INTERNATIONAL :. Mirpur Azad Kashmir (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		As a result of this, a part of the State was liberated from the Dogra-cum- Indian domination in October 1947, and named Azad State of Jammu and Kashmir.
		Muzaffarabad, the capital of the Azad State of Jammu and Kashmir, is situated at the confluence of the Jhelum and Neelum rivers.
		The fascinating and charming place of District Bagh is 25 kilometers from Kohalla, the gateway of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, and 132 kilometers from Islamabad.
	www.hassantravels.com /dst.html (3591 words)

	Pakistan Alert Network: KASHMIR: Demographic Data (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		He was overthrown by the Kashmir Liberation Army in October 1947 and a provisional government for Azad (Free) Jammu and Kashmir was set up.
		The only solution to the strife in Kashmir is the total demilitarization of the region immediately followed by a plebiscite, under impartial control, to determine the future status of Kashmir.
		There are two possible outcomes to the situation in Kashmir: either the international community can push for a plebiscite to determine the wishes of the Kashmiri people and act accordingly or the situation can remain as it is. Kashmiris will continue to live with violent repression and the carnage and bloodshed will continue.
	www.pakalert.net /articles/demodate_kashmir.asp (690 words)

	KASHMIR WELFARE & RESEARCH TRUST, BARNALA, AZAD KASHMIR, PAKISTAN
		One part of State Jammu and Kashmir under the control of Government of Pakistan is called Azad Jammu and Kashmir and Northern Areas.
		Son in Azad Jammu and Kashmir and parents in Indian Occupied Kashmir, Sister in Azad Jammu and Kashmir and brother in Indian Occupied Kashmir, grandfather’s family in Azad Jammu and Kashmir and maternal grandfather’s family in Indian Occupied Kashmir, home in Azad Jammu and Kashmir and property in Indian Occupied Kashmir.
		Faiz S/O Anait Khan residince of Barnala, Azad Kashmir.
	kwrt1.tripod.com (2188 words)

	Pakistan Occupied Kashmir: Jammu & Kashmir; Embassy of India - Washington, DC
		In terms of territory, the area of the state of Jammu and Kashmir is 222,236 sq kilometers while the area illegally occupied by Pakistan is 78,114 sq.
		The areas occupied by Pakistan comprise so-called "Azad Kashmir" (referred to hereafter as POK for Pakistan Occupied Kashmir) and the Northern Areas of Gilgit, Baltistan and Hunza, etc. Pakistan does not trust the administration of POK to handle the Northern Areas which Islamabad considers strategically vital.
		Part 2 of Section 7 of the POK Constitution states: "No person or political party in Azad Jammu and Kashmir shall be permitted to propagate against, or take part in activities prejudicial or detrimental to, the ideology of the State’s accession to Pakistan".
	www.indianembassy.org /policy/Kashmir/Kashmir_MEA/POK.html (1509 words)

	Procrastination: Kashmir: Religion
		Overall, according to the 1981 census, Muslims are 74.9% of the population of Kashmir, followed by Hindus (22.6%) and Buddhists (0.8%).
		Jammu province, as distinct from Jammu district or Jammu city, was majority Muslim in 1941, I believe.
		The current population distribution is not much different overall, except that the Indian parts of Jammu province have become more Hindu while Pakistani Azad Kashmir and Northern Areas have been emptied of their Hindu population.
	www.zackvision.com /weblog/2003/09/kashmir-religion.html (1195 words)

	Rigging of Azad Jammu and Kashmir polls: Pakistan has lost the worlds respect
		Sultan Mehmood, who is also a former AJK prime minister, said the Indians were also blaming the Pakistanis for the rigging.
		He demanded the removal of the newly elected AJK prime minister and abolishing the post of Pakistans federal minister for Kashmir affairs.
		He also demanded the Pakistani government activate the Kashmir Council for Coordinating with Pakistan in place of the Kashmir Affairs Ministry and explain the mechanism of appointing senior judicial officials in AJK.
	www.jammu-kashmir.com /archives/archives2006/kashmir20060816b.html (274 words)

	\| University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir \|
		Work on the construction of new building of Azad Jammu and Kashmir University will start in the next two month: This was stated by Dr. Attaur Rahman, Chairman Higher Education Commission (HEC) while speaking at "Martyrs of October 8 Conference" held at the Bahria University Auditorium here on Friday.
		He said that apart from the gallantly shown by the rescue teams of the university students and staff a hero that must be praised was Dr. Attaur Rahman, Chairman Higher Education Commission, who had pledged a new university at the same site with the best facilities possible would be made available for the students.
		Dr Manzoor Khan, Vice Chancellor of the University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir recounted the destruction of Oct 8 and remembered those who lost their lives.
	www.ajku.edu.pk /homage8oct.php (654 words)

	Pakistan: Muzaffarabad - photos of cities in Azad Kashmir on Worldisround
		Cities in Azad Kashmir - travel photos - Situated at the confluence of the Jhelum and the Neelum rivers Muzaffarabad the capital of...
		Situated at the confluence of the Jhelum and the Neelum rivers Muzaffarabad the capital of the State of Azad Jammu and Kashmir is at a distance of 86 miles from Rawalpindi and 49 miles from Abbottabad.
		It really hurts me once I hear name of AJK Prime Minister as he is the one who introduced corrupt practices whilst acting as son of PM.
	www.worldisround.com /articles/89927/index.html (440 words)

	Muzaffarabad: the gateway to the Kashmir valley -DAWN Magazine; November 18, 2001
		The attention catching large signpost, written in English and Urdu, informs the visitor that Muzaffarabad is the capital of state of Azad Jammu and Kashmir at a distance of 138 kilometres from Islamabad.
		On the south and eastern side it is surrounded by the Indian held Kashmir valley and Poonch.
		Srinagar, the capital of the Indian held Jammu and Kashmir is located a distance of only 187 km, connected by an all weather road, which is now truncated by the Indian controlled cease-fire line near the Azad Kashmir border town of Chakothi — only 126km short of Srinagar.
	www.dawn.com /weekly/dmag/archive/011118/dmag9.htm (1129 words)

	'Naked' poll rigging in 'Azad Kashmir': Opposition
		Jammu Kashmir People's Muslim League (JKPML) convenor Sultan Mahmood Chaudhry said that Sardar Qayyum Khan was not only making vain attempts to justify manipulation of election results but also hurting General Musharraf's position.
		He should look into the AJK elections which have failed to provide people a fair chance to form a government of their choice," Dawn newspaper quoted Chaudhry as saying.
		The AJK chapter of the Muttahida Majlis-i-Amal (MMA) convened a conference of political parties Thursday to discuss "usurpation of the right of Kashmiris to elect their representatives on their free will" and to work out a strategy to launch a joint struggle against it.
	www.whereincity.com /news/5/6923 (349 words)

	Kashmir: Demographic Data
		The rest of the state is still in existence as Azad Jammu and Kashmir.
		India's claim that Kashmir is Indian territory is based on nothing more than an Instrument of Accession signed by the Maharajah in order to obtain India's military help against a popular insurgency.
		Demilitarization of Kashmir (through withdrawal of all outside forces) followed immediately by a plebiscite under impartial control to determine the future status of Kashmir.
	www.soundvision.com /Info/news/kashmir/kas.dmgrphy.asp (597 words)

	Amazon.com: "Azad Jammu": Key Phrase page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		A further 83,800 sq km is taken up by the Northern Areas plus Azad Jammu & Kashmir, those parts of the old state of Jammu & Kashmir administered by Pakistan under the terms of the...
		Northern NWFP, the Northern Areas and Azad Jammu & Kashmir are generally at their best from around May to October (although occasionally stormy), but are more or less...
		By late 1987, a deal had been done and sometime in early 1988 a group of JKLF activists travelled into 'Azad' Jammu and Kashmir,...
	www.amazon.com /phrase/Azad-Jammu (561 words)

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