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Topic: B specification language

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Vienna Development Method

VDM specification language

Z specification language

Program specification

B programming language

BCPL

Design by contract

Formal verification

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	Online Encyclopedia and Dictionary - B
		In chemistry, B is the symbol for the element boron.
		B is the symbol for susceptance, the inverse of reactance.
		In radiocommunication, B is the ITU prefix allocated to China.
	www.fact-archive.com /encyclopedia/B (806 words)

	b - Article and Reference from OnPedia.com
		However, in Estonian and in Chinese transcription, B is not voiced, and is contrasted to P, which is a geminate in Estonian and the aspirate in Chinese.
		B is often used as a digit meaning eleven in hexadecimal and other positional numeral systems with a radix of 12 or greater.
		In rail transport, B is the UIC classification for the locomotive wheel arrangement known as 0-4-0 in the Whyte notation; a locomotive with two powered axles (and thus four wheels) in which the axles are linked by gearing or side rods.
	www.onpedia.com /encyclopedia/B (792 words)

	B (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		In English, the letter b by itself usual denotes the voiced bilabial plosive (IPA /b/), as in bib, and it sometimes is "silent", as in debt or comb.
		In most other languages that use the Latin alphabet, the letter a denotes the voiced bilabial plosive (IPA /b/), although in Spanish, in medial position it denotes the voiced bilabial fricative (IPA /β/).
		* *B is the symbol for susceptance, the inverse of reactance.
	www.wapipedia.org /wikipedia/topic.aspx?cur_title=B (683 words)

	Steelman language requirements - Wikisource
		It shall require explicit specification of programmer decisions and shall provide defaults only for instances where the default is stated in the language definition, is always meaningful, reflects the most frequent usage in programs, and may be explicitly overridden.
		The language shall distinguish the concepts of type (specifying data elements with common properties, including operations), subtype (i.e., a subset of the elements of a type, that is characterized by further constraints), and representations (i.e., implementation characteristics).
		The use of such specifications shall be required only where the type of the expression cannot be uniquely determined during translation from the context of its use (as might be the case with a literal).
	en.wikisource.org /wiki/Steelman_language_requirements (6736 words)

	Programming language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A language's core library is often treated as part of the language by its users, although the designers may have treated it as a separate entity.
		Many language specifications define a core that must be made available in all implementations, and in the case of standardized languages this core library may be required.
		The syntax and semantics of the language are explicit in the behavior of the model implementation.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Programming_language (4096 words)

	NCSC-TG-014-89 - Guidelines for Formal Verification Systems
		The syntax of the specification language shall be internally uniform.
		The well-formed formulas in the specification language that may also be input either directly or indirectly into the reasoning mechanism using the language(s) of the reasoning mechanism shall be mappable to ensure compatibility of components.
		Specification Language A logically precise language used to describe the structure or behavior of a system to be verified.
	www.fas.org /irp/nsa/rainbow/tg014.htm (7604 words)

	What is B? : Abaara fun facts and uncommon knowledge - B (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		IPA /b/), as in bib, and it sometimes is "silent", as in debt or comb.
		In chemistry, B is the symbol for the
		In chess, B is a notation symbol for the
	www.abaara.com /pac/B (721 words)

	The JustaPox Language
		For the aforementioned specification of A and B, we have C with size 4, D with size 2, and SEQ with size 14.
		Notice that the assignment B = 3 4 would be inconsistent with B's specification (which stated that B would hold a sequence of integers with size 3).
		The language designers want you to cooperate with the compiler construction effort: you have to write a program that receives as input a collection of array specifications and a sequence of assignments, and produces as output the list of inconsistent assignments.
	acm.uva.es /p/v7/773.html (438 words)

	Specification Language Related to Pure Tin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The hot solder dip should be homogeneous with a minimum thickness of 60 microinches (1.52 m) for round leads and, for other shapes, a minimum thickness at the crest of the major flats of 200 microinches (5.08 m) solder (SN60 or SN63).
		Use of tin plating is prohibited as a final finish and as an undercoat effective 6 months from the date of this specification (see 6.8) Use of tin-lead (Sn-Pb) finishes are acceptable provided that the minimum lead content is 3 percent.
		Language exists that restricts the use of pure tin for soldering.
	nepp.nasa.gov /whisker/reference/eee_specs/spec_lang.html. (3746 words)

	Wikinfo \| B
		In English, the letter b by itself usual denotes the voiced bilabial plosive (IPA /b/), as in bib, and it sometimes is "silent", as in debt.
		in electronics, B is the anode (plate) power supply (originally a battery) of vacuum tube circuitry.
		In medicine, B is one of the Blood types.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=B (591 words)

	Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Universal language is a system of communication in which everything that is comprehensible can be communicated.
		A special type of statement is definition, which consists of a name and a specification of the objects (including actions) to which the name refers.
		The specification can be a union of (usually generic) objects, a complement of an object (anything that is not the object), and thus the intersection of objects.
	web.mit.edu /dmytro/www/Language.htm (488 words)

	B Specification and Language
		B seems similar to Z and VDM, but the differences are that B unifies description aspects and realisation in the same formalism.
		Staticaspect of method B (data) is modeled by a set of typed value entity (int, boolean...).
		AM is the basic concept of B, consists on variable sets and actions to modify the state (value) of the variables.
	www.ecs.soton.ac.uk /~la/comput/b.htm (414 words)

	LOPSTR 2000 - A Minimal Specification Language - revised
		The language objectives are (1) a pure specification language -- "what, not how", (2) minimal -- as small and simple a language as possible, and (3) a meta-language -- able to imitate other languages.
		Axiomatic language also has the syntax differences of replacing comma delimiters with blanks and having "expression" variables start with % (which permits uppercase letters to be used for symbols, as shown).
		In axiomatic language, functions and programs are specified by a finite set of "axioms", which generate a (usually) infinite set of "valid expressions", analogous to the way productions in a grammar generate strings or the way axioms in logic generate theorems.
	www.axiomaticlanguage.org /lopstr00.upd.html (2966 words)

	CV: Specification Language
		After the description of the language, we give a set of examples together with comments to guide the reader in its first steps with the language.
		Precautions you should take while writing a specification resembles those you (should) take when programming: better to write several simple specifications than a large and complex one; group related properties into the same specification; specify incrementally, getting more and more precise as you gain confidence in your design and your specification, document your specifications.
		This option states that the specification will only be checked for simulations where the signals of mode in do not change during delta-delay cycles.
	www.cs.cmu.edu /People/cv/specification-language.html (2118 words)

	B
		B was later improved by Kerninghan(?) and Ritchie to produce C. was used as the systems language on Honeywell's GCOS-3.
		B corresponds to the second symbol in the Phoenician alphabet, and appears in the same position in all the European alphabets, except those derived, like the Cyrillic, from medieval Greek alphabet, in which the pronunciation of this symbol had changed from b to v.
		B continued to see use as late as the 1990s on Honeywell mainframes, and on certain embedded systems for a variety of reasons, including limited hardware in the small systems; extensive libraries, tools, licensing cost issues; and simply being good enough for the job on others.
	www.websters-online-dictionary.com /definition/english/B/B.html (6609 words)

	Revised Report on the Algorithmic Language Algol 60
		This is a language suitable for expressing a large class of numerical processes in a form sufficiently concise for direct automatic translation into the language of programmed automatic computers.
		In the first chapter a survey of the basic constituents and features of the language is given, and the formal notation, by which the syntactic structure is defined, is explained.
		In the heading a specification part, giving information about the kinds and types of the formal parameters by means of an obvious notation, may be included.
	burks.bton.ac.uk /burks/language/other/a60rr/report.htm (9144 words)

	The Logic Specification Language
		Unlike most computer programming languages, the order of the statements in the wire list has no effect on the meaning of the circuit description; nonetheless, careful ordering and grouping of wires is important to human readers.
		The Iowa Logic Specification Language has a number of features which allow it to be used to specify large and complex systems of logic gates.
		The Iowa Logic Specification Language provides a text inclusion statement as an alternative to physically including the text of a subcircuit in the definition of a circuit which uses it.
	www.cs.uiowa.edu /~jones/logicsim/man/node3.html (4556 words)

	General Game Player Language
		A specification for the GGP Game Description Language is available here: GDL_spec.pdf.
		The description language for General Game Player games is a subset of first order logic, using syntax from the KIF language.
		GDL is an open language in that this vocabulary can be extended; however, the significance of these basic vocabulary items is fixed for all games.
	games.stanford.edu /language.html (1354 words)

	YAML Ain't Markup Language (YAML) Version 1.1
		This specification is both an introduction to the YAML language and the concepts supporting it and also a complete reference of the information needed to develop applications for processing YAML.
		To maximize data portability between programming languages and implementations, users of YAML should be mindful of the distinction between serialization or presentation properties and those which are part of the YAML representation.
		Tag resolution is specific to the application, hence a YAML processor should provide a mechanism allowing the application to specify the tag resolution rules.
	yaml.org /spec/current.html (4965 words)

	SPECIFICATION IN B: AN INTRODUCTION USING THE B TOOLKIT
		This book gives a practical introduction to the B specification language and method, an approach to the development of high-quality software using rigorous CASE techniques.
		The authors have extensive experience in teaching B and in its industrial application to high integrity systems.
		The book uses the B Toolkit to support the text, but it is also relevant to users of alternative toolsets for B. Contents:
	www.icpress.co.uk /books/compsci/p006.html (155 words)

	The Java Language Specification
		He is well known as the co-creator of the Scheme programming language and for his reference books for the C programming language (with Samuel Harbison) and for the Common Lisp programming language.
		Steele received the ACM Grace Murray Hopper Award in 1988 and was named an ACM Fellow in 1994, a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 2001, and a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Science in 2002.
		It describes all aspects of the language, including the semantics of all types, statements, and expressions, as well as threads and binary compatibility.
	java.sun.com /docs/books/jls/index.html (743 words)

	Programming Language and Compiler Research Groups
		Programming and specification language design, semantics, and implementation; concurrent and distributed systems; databases and persistent objects; software development libraries and environments.
		Facile is a high-level, higher-order programming language for systems that require a combination of complex data manipulation and concurrent and distributed computing.
		Haskell language and implementation; state, input/output, and concurrency; semantics based program manipulation; applications of category theory and type theory; parallel functional programming; functional languages for massive parallelism; using functional languages for hardware specification, synthesis and analysis; large applications of functional languages.
	www-2.cs.cmu.edu /afs/cs.cmu.edu/user/mleone/web/language/projects.html (1438 words)

	mSQL 2.0 Manual - Language Specification
		If the ']' character is one of the characters you wish to match you may specifiy it as the first character in the group without closing the group (e.g.
		The power of a relational query language starts to become apparent when you join tables together during a select operation.
		Lets say you had two tables defined, one containing staff details and another listing the projects being worked on by each staff member, and each staff member has been assigned an employee number that is unique to that person.
	www.hughes.com.au /library/msql2/manual/spec.htm (1782 words)

	Squeak Smalltalk: Basic Language Reference (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Pseudo-variables are reserved identifiers that are similar to keywords in other languages.
		Numbers may be represented in many radices, but the radix specification itself is always expressed in base 10.
		Language experts will note that blocks are rougly equivalent to lambda-expressions, anonymous functions, or closures.
	minnow.cc.gatech.edu /squeak/uploads/SqueakLanguageRef.3.html (3059 words)

	XUL Language
		Since XUL is a language for describing window layout, there is some overlap in the topics covered by this document and separate documents describing XUL windows.
		In the absence of specific instructions, expect a widget to expect its applicable attributes to require no explicit namespace.
		Entities are a feature of the language and therefore outside the scope of this paper.
	www.mozilla.org /xpfe/languageSpec.html (2934 words)

	The Java Modeling Language (JML) Home Page
		The Java Modeling Language (JML) is a behavioral interface specification language that can be used to specify the behavior of Java modules.
		It combines the design by contract approach of Eiffel and the model-based specification approach of the Larch family of interface specification languages, with some elements of the refinement calculus.
		Concordia University in Montreal, is working on language improvements (a new assertion semantics, non-null by default and arbitrary precision arithmetic) and their support in the Common (formerly ISU) JML tools and ESC/Java2.
	www.cs.iastate.edu /~leavens/JML (903 words)

	Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) Version 1.1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Semantically, each formatting object represents a specification for a part of the pagination, layout, and styling information that will be applied to the content of that formatting object as a result of formatting the whole result tree.
		Other parts of the specification may come from other formatting objects; for example, the formatting of a paragraph (block formatting object) depends on both the specification of properties on the block formatting object and the specification of the layout structure into which the block is placed by the formatter.
		Similarly this specification tries to give relatively-specified directions ("before" and "after" in the block-progression-direction, "start" and "end" in the inline-progression-direction) where appropriate, either in addition to or in place of absolutely-specified directions such as "top", "bottom", "left", and "right".
	www.w3.org /TR/xsl (8882 words)

	Publications - Process Specification Language (PSL)
		Pouchard, L.C., "A Standards-based Approach to Interoperability: the Process Specification Language," PSL Tutorial, June 2004.
		Schlenoff, C., "Conference Report: Second Process Specification Language (PSL) Roundtable," NIST Journal of Research, 1999.
		Schlenoff, C., Knutilla, A., Ray, S., "Proceedings of the First Process Specification Language (PSL) Roundtable," NISTIR 6081, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD (1997).
	www.mel.nist.gov /psl/pubs.html (1194 words)

	Audrey's Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Since the sounds that Audrey makes will be like a spoken language, the language should be as simple as possible but without oversimplification.
		The sounds accompanying the guides should be the most evocative of human language since Audrey is directly trying to tell the user something, rather than providing feedback.
		The user will just be getting to know Audrey so she should try to teach the user her language by using the language emphatically and in a clearly distinct manner.
	at.or.at /hans/audrey/language.html (741 words)

	A Minimal Specification Language - transparencies, revised
		(append (a) (b c) (a b c))
		(… 'abc' …) = (… 'a' 'b' 'c' …)
		"abc" = ('abc') = ('a' 'b' 'c')
	www.axiomaticlanguage.org /lopstr00trns.upd.html (189 words)

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