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Topic: B12

	Vitamin B12 Information Sheet
		Vitamin B12 is a member of the vitamin B complex.
		Vitamin B12 is necessary for the synthesis of red blood cells, the maintenance of the nervous system, and growth and development in children.
		B12 is necessary for the rapid synthesis of DNA during cell division.
	www.vegsoc.org /info/b12.html (1014 words)

	Vitamin B12
		While supplemental use of vitamin B12 is not usually considered necessary for most of the population, the suggested dose of cobalamin in vegans is 2-3 mcg per day, and higher levels in the range of 50-200 mcg per day may be indicated in instances such as the use of oral contraceptives.
		B12 status is further compromised by drug induced folic acid deficiency, which in turn induces a deficiency of vitamin B12.
		Vitamin B12 and folinic acid supplementation of ZDV therapy does not seem useful in preventing or reducing ZDV-induced myelotoxicity in the overall treated population, although a beneficial effect in certain subgroups of patients cannot be excluded.
	home.caregroup.org /clinical/altmed/interactions/Nutrients/Vitamin_B12.htm (10259 words)

	Vitamin B12 in the Vegan Diet -- The Vegetarian Resource Group
		Although the minimum requirement for vitamin B12 is quite small, 1/1,000,000 of a gram (1 microgram) a day for adults [1], a vitamin B12 deficiency is a very serious problem leading ultimately to irreversible nerve damage.
		Vitamin B12 does not appear to be absorbed from the large intestine [1].
		Produce cannot be depended on as a reliable vitamin B12 source because the level of vitamin B12 in plants varies widely depending on the type of plant and the soil in which it is grown.
	www.vrg.org /nutrition/b12.htm (1135 words)

	Vitamin B12 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Vitamin B12 is usually absorbed from the gut from the fermentation of intrinsic factor by intestinal flora.
		Vitamin B12 deficiency is associated with a decrease of reduced glutathione, needed for cell defense against pathogens (viruses, bacteria, fungi) and toxins.
		Vitamin B12 is found in algae, peas, clover, alfalfa, mustard, egg yolk, chedder cheese, sardines, herring, anchovies, calve's liver, haddock, salmon, and cow's milk.
	www.strokedoctor.com /vitamin_b12.htm (1811 words)

	Norman Clinical Laboratory, Inc.
		This test is often used by physicians wishing to make a conclusive diagnosis of vitamin B12 deficiency with a single test, individuals desiring to be tested by mail from the privacy of their home, and investigators seeking to conduct the most valid research study.
		Unless a person is a vegetarian, vitamin B12 deficiency is usually caused from malabsorption due to lack of the stomach protein, intrinsic factor, resulting in pernicious anemia.
		Vitamin B12 deficiency can also cause elevated levels of serum homocysteine (Hcys) which have been shown to be a risk factor for strokes, heart attacks and /or blood clots.
	www.b12.com (584 words)

	Vitamin B12
		B12 is the only vitamin that is not recognised as being reliably supplied from a varied wholefood, plant-based diet with plenty of fruit and vegetables, together with exposure to sun.
		Two subgroups of vegans are at particular risk of B12 deficiency: long-term vegans who avoid common fortified foods (such as raw food vegans or macrobiotic vegans) and breastfed infants of vegan mothers whose own intake of B12 is low.
		A blood B12 level measurement is a very unreliable test for vegans, particularly for vegans using any form of algae.§ Algae and some other plant foods contain B12-analogues (false B12) that can imitate true B12 in blood tests while actually interfering with B12 metabolism.
	www.vegansociety.com /html/food/nutrition/b12 (2113 words)

	Vitamin b12 - How Well is Yours Absorbed?
		Vitamin b12 is unique in the b vitamins as it is the only one not found in vegetables.
		b12 is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, but those with poorly functioning digestive systems, or the elderly, may have trouble absorbing vitamin b12 from food.
		This b12 - intrinsic factor complex is absorbed in the small intestine in the presence of calcium.
	www.vitaminstohealth.com /vitamin-b12.html (410 words)

	Vitamin B12 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		B12 is also required for making a protective layer around nerve cells in the nervous system.
		There may be insufficient vitamin B12 in the diet, or a problem with absorbing it during the digestive process, or lack of intrinsic factor - a substance which is essential for the absorption of B12.
		Deficiency of vitamin B12 caused by lack of intrinsic factor is termed ‘pernicious anaemia’.
	www.ivu.org /nzvs/nutri/vb12.htm (721 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Anemia - B12 deficiency
		For vitamin B12 to be absorbed by the body, it must bind to intrinsic factor, a protein secreted by cells in the stomach.
		Anemia caused by a lack of vitamin B12 can be corrected by vitamin pills combined with a more balanced diet.
		Anemia caused by malabsorption is treated with vitamin B12 injections until the condition improves.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/000574.htm (543 words)

	Auto emissions may be causing vitamin B12 deficiency
		It is widely recognized that vitamin B12 in combination with folic acid is essential for your body to synthesize hemoglobin.
		Since vitamin B12 requires a special absorption system that may not be healthy in a particular individual, some people may not benefit from oral supplements.
		I use a two ounce bottle with an eyedropper, add 10mg of vitamin B12 (ten 1000 mcg tablets), 9.6 mg of folic acid (twelve 800 mcg tablets) and a single multivitimin-multimineral tablet and fill it with 99.9% DMSO (leaving a bubble at the top so it can be mixed when shaken).
	www.krysalis-sparx.com /b12.htm (1555 words)

	Vitamin B12
		Pernicious anemia is a special form of vitamin B12 malabsorption due to impaired ability of certain cells in the stomach to make intrinsic factor—a substance needed for normal absorption of vitamin B12.
		Significant vitamin B12 deficiency is associated with a doubled risk of severe depression, according to a study of physically disabled older women.
		Although blood levels of vitamin B12 may be higher in alcoholics, actual body stores of vitamin B12 in the tissues (e.g., the liver) of alcoholics is frequently deficient.
	www.pccnaturalmarkets.com /health/Supp/Vitamin_B12.htm (1856 words)

	Vitamin B12 - cyanocobamin and cobolamin - information page. All about Vitamin B12 (also known as cyanocobamin and ...
		Vitamin B 12, known as cyanocobalamin, cobolamin and also known as the energy vitamin is a very widely researched vitamin, and used in supplementation to a very large degree.
		Vitamin B12 can not be manufactured by any plants, and therefore is only found in animal products - therefore a deficiency may happens to people on a strict vegan diet.
		Vitamin B12 is present in liver, organ meat, muscle meat, shellfish, eggs, cheese, fish, and can be manufactured in the body.
	www.anyvitamins.com /vitamin-b12-cyanocobamin-info.htm (696 words)

	Vitamin B12 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The bacteria that are usually killed by stomach acid compete for the vitamin B12 that is available and take it for their own use.
		If you are in either of these categories, be careful not to rely on label amounts of vitamin B12 in foods such as tempeh; this number represents not only vitamin B12, but also some analogs of it which are not absorbed.
		If you have a deficiency of vitamin B12, or are at high risk for a deficiency because of your age or diet, the National Academy of Sciences recommends taking a supplement or eating fortified breakfast cereals to make sure you absorb enough vitamin B12.
	www.icare4u.com /Nu0022.htm (430 words)

	GCNC - Vitamin B12 for the Vegetarian (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Vitamin B12, an essential B vitamin, is of special interest to vegetarians since it is not found in any significant amounts in plant foods.
		Vitamin B12 deficiency is fairly common in the elderly and is associated with dementia and other neurological disorders seen in the geriatric population.
		Since most of the vitamin B12 resides within the cholesterol-laden yolk, it would be better for the lacto-ovo-vegetarian to rely on low-fat dairy products for their source of B12.
	northamerica.adventist.org /hm/gcnc/vitb12/vitb12.html (1369 words)

	Vitamin B12 Article
		B12 synthesis is known to occur naturally in the human small intestine (in the ileum), which is the primary site of B12 absorption.
		B12 must be combined with a mucoprotein enzyme named Intrinsic Factor, which is normally present in gastric secretions, to be properly assimilated.
		Just because there is a low level of B12 in the bloodstream, this does not mean that there is a deficiency in the body as a whole, it may well be being utilised by the living cells (such as the central nervous system).
	www.living-foods.com /articles/b12issue.html (2866 words)

	Vitamin B12 Information
		Vitamin B12 is important for good health, necessary for the proper digestion and absorption of foods and for normal metabolism of carbohydrates, and fat.
		Vitamin B12 was isolated from a liver extracted in 1948 and identified as the nutritional factor in liver that prevented pernicious anemia, a deadly type of anemia characterized by large, immature red blood cells.
		Vitamin B12 functions as a "methyl donor." A methyl donor is a compound that carries and donates methyl groups to other molecules, including cell membrane components and neurotransmitters.
	www.healthandfitnessforums.com /vitaminb12.html (360 words)

	Vegan Diet: Vitamin B12
		Vitamin B12 is essential for good health and is a vital element in any healthy vegan diet plan.
		B12 is the only vitamin that is not supplied by a varied wholefood, plant-based diet, together with exposure to sun.
		Note: tempeh, miso, and sea vegetables are not reliable sources of vitamin B12 for vegans, due to the effects of food processing.
	www.vegetarian-diet.info /vegan-diet-vitamin-b12.htm (328 words)

	Vegetarian Diet: Vitamin B12
		Vitamin B12 is essential for cell division, blood formation, maintenance of the nervous system and many other things.
		Of all the B vitamins, B12 is the only one not found in plant foods.
		For the lacto-ovo-vegetarian the present recommended dietary allowance is two micrograms per day for adults and teenagers, about 2.5 micrograms of pregnant and breast feeding women and one microgram or less for children.
	www.vegetarian-diet.info /vegetarian-diet-vitamin-b12.htm (342 words)

	Vitamin B-12 (cobalamin)
		Vitamin B12 functions as a methyl donor and works with folic acid in the synthesis of DNA and red blood cells and is vitally important in maintaining the health of the insulation sheath (myelin sheath) that surrounds nerve cells.
		The mean vitamin B12 level was 199 pmol/L and 73 per cent of the ministers had a level below the recommended lower limit of 221 pmol/L. Vitamin B12 concentrations were also measured in a control group of 53 ministers who consumed fish, poultry or red meat on a regular basis.
		The researchers determined vitamin B12 concentrations in blood samples obtained in 1974 and in 1989 and compared the levels found in 195 women who later developed breast cancer with the levels found in 195 women free of cancer.
	www.yourhealthbase.com /vitamin_B12.html (7676 words)

	Vitamin B12 Deficiency - Vitacost (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		If B12 deficiency is due to alcoholism, abstinence may prevent further impairment of B12 absorption.
		People with a vitamin B12 deficiency due to a malabsorption condition must have an appropriate treatment tailored to their individual needs by a healthcare professional.
		In older people who have inadequate absorption of vitamin B12 from food due to low stomach acid, prevention of deficiency can be achieved with small amounts of supplemental vitamin B12 found in B-complex and multivitamins.
	www.vitacost.com /science/hn/Concern/Vitamin_B12_Deficiency.htm (1606 words)

	B12 deficiency - Vitamin B12 Deficiency Symptoms - Vitamin Information Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Diagnosis of vitamin B12 deficiency is typically based on measurement of serum A patient information handout on vitamin B 12 deficiency, written by the
		Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) deficiency is a factor in many disorders.
		Vitamin B12 deficiency, known the signs and symptoms related to lack of beta carotene.
	spiderarea.com /q/b12-deficiency.htm (275 words)

	Vitamin B12 Deficiency
		The first indication of a vitamin B12 or folate deficiency is frequently the anemia and large red blood cells that are detected during a routine CBC (Complete Blood Count) test.
		Laboratory testing is used to detect a deficiency, determine its severity, establish the underlying cause of the deficiency, and to monitor the effectiveness of treatment.
		With both B12 and folate deficiency anemia, the amount of hemoglobin may be low and the RBCs (red blood cells) are abnormally large (macrocytic or megaloblastic).
	www.labtestsonline.org /understanding/conditions/vitaminb12-4.html (339 words)

	Vitamin B12 and the Hallelujah Diet
		While serum vitamin B12 levels may still be normal for several more years, the body, especially the central nervous system, may be deficient at the cellular level.
		All people produce B12 in their colon, but this is not available for the body since B12 is absorbed in the small intestine.
		Higginbottom, M.C., Sweetman, L. and Nyhan, W.L. A syndrome of methylmalonic aciduria, homocystinuria, megaloblastic anemia and neurologic abnormalities in a vitamin B12-deficient breast- fed infant of a strict vegetarian.
	www.chetday.com /b12.html (2666 words)

	Vitamin B12 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin that is part of the vitamin B complex.
		Vitamin B12, like the other B vitamins, is important for metabolism.
		Inability to absorb vitamin B12 from the intestinal tract can be caused by a disease known as pernicious anemia.
	www.shands.org /health/information/article/002403.htm (397 words)

	B12 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		B12 can refer to more than one article.
		for the electronic music duo, see B12 (band).
		This is a disambiguation page, a list of pages that otherwise might share the same title.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/B12 (83 words)

	Vitamin B12 definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		Pernicious anemia is a blood disorder caused by inadequate vitamin B12 in the blood.
		The vitamin B12 has to be administered by injection because people with PA do not have IF (or an effective form of IF) and so cannot absorb vitamin B12 taken by mouth.
		The recommended daily allowances of vitamin B12 in the United States are 2mcg for infants, 3 mcg for children under 4 years old, 6mcg for children over 4 years old and adults, and 8 mcg for pregnant women.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=12865 (540 words)

	Vitamin B12
		Major dietary sources of vitamin B12 include meat, poultry, fish, milk, eggs, and cheese.
		Vitamin B12 is found almost exclusively in animal products.
		Unlike other water soluble vitamins, vitamin B12 is stored in the liver.
	library.thinkquest.org /26813/b12.htm (47 words)

	Vitamin B12 (100 mcg) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Each tablet provides 100 mcg of vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin), which is 1,670 percent of the Daily Value.
		Vitamin B12 is completely natural and especially suited for vegetarians (contains no animal byproducts).
		Vitamin B12 Complete is available as a replacement.
	www.1001herbs.com /vitamin_b12 (173 words)

	Vitamin B12 - Vitacost (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		People with malabsorption conditions, including those with tapeworm infestation and those with bacterial overgrowth in the intestines, often suffer from vitamin B12 deficiency.
		Infection with Helicobacter pylori, a common cause of gastritis and ulcers, has been shown to cause or contribute to adult vitamin B12 deficiency.
		alcoholics, actual body stores of vitamin B12 in the tissues (e.g., the liver) of alcoholics is frequently deficient.
	www.vitacost.com /science/hn/Supp/Vitamin_B12.htm (2118 words)

	b12 vitamin shot (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		vitamin B12 - a B vitamin that is used to...
		The RDA for vitamin B12 is 2 micrograms for adults...
		Pharmacology: Vitamin B12 is a group of cobalt-containing...
	www.findhealthandfitness.com /b12-vitamin-shot.html (674 words)

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