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	B53 nuclear bomb - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The B53 was one of the most powerful nuclear weapons built by the United States, and one of the last very high-yield thermonuclear bombs in U.S. service.
		The warhead of the B53 uses oralloy (highly enriched uranium), not plutonium, for fission, with a mix of lithium-6 deuteride fuel for fusion.
		The B53 was intended to be retired in the 1980s, reducing the stockpile to a total of 25 weapons by 1987.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/B53_nuclear_bomb (448 words)

	B61 nuclear bomb - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The newest variant is the B61 Mod 11, a hardened penetration bomb with a reinforced casing (according to some sources, containing depleted uranium) and a delayed-action fuse, allowing it to penetrate fortified structures such as command posts before detonating.
		The Mod 11 is intended to replace the older, megaton-yield B53 bomb, a limited number of which have been retained for anti-fortification use.
		Most versions of the B61 are equipped with a parachute retarder (currently a 24-ft (7.32 m) diameter nylon/Kevlar chute) to slow the weapon in its descent, giving the aircraft a chance to escape the blast (or to allow the weapon to survive impact with the ground in laydown mode).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/B61_nuclear_bomb (525 words)

	B83 nuclear bomb - the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		The B83 nuclear weapon is variable-yield gravity bomb developed by the United States.
		Its internal design and layout are similar to the smaller B61, with the warhead mountedin the forward part of the weapon to make the bomb deliberately nose-heavy.
		The bomb is 12 ft (3.67 m) long, with a diameter of 18 in (457 mm).
	www.encyclopedia-of-knowledge.com /?t=B83 (209 words)

	Tybee Bomb (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		The Tybee Bomb is a 7,600 pound (3,500 kg) Mark 15, Mod 0 hydrogen bomb that was lost in the waters off of Savannah, Georgia on February 5,1958.
		The bomb was jettisoned during a practice exercise after a B-47 bomber carrying it collided in mid-air with an F-86 fighter plane.
		The Air Force determined that it was prudent to leave the bomb entombed in mud at the bottom of the sea floor rather than disturb it and risk the potential of detonation or contamination.
	read-and-go.hopto.org /Nuclear-bombs/Tybee-Bomb.html (912 words)

	the nuclear information project: retaining the B53
		The decision to stop retirement of the B53 bomb in 1987 was due to a military requirement to hold deeply buried targets at risk.
		This required B53 bombs to be kept on air bases ready for delivery by alert aircraft like these B-52 bombers photographed at Wurtsmith Air Force Base in Michigan in the 1980s.
		The decision to retain the B53 and the operational requirements that flowed from the decision was temporary.
	www.nukestrat.com /us/afn/B53decision.htm (506 words)

	Bunker-Busting Bomb Prompts U.S. Discord: Upgraded Nuclear Capability May Prompt Russian Concern (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		The conversion involved a new tail kit and nose cone for the bomb, an official with the Energy Department, which oversees nuclear weapons, said Feb. 18.
		The bomb is needed, U.S. officials said, to replace the B53 bomb, which nuclear war planners use to target deeply buried Russian command and control facilities.
		But the B53 cannot be carried by the B-2 bomber, and offers less assurance that it will destroy its target than does the B61-11, Arkin said.
	www.brook.edu /dybdocroot/fp/projects/nucwcost/bunker.htm (617 words)

	B43 nuclear bomb - Encyclopedia Glossary Meaning Explanation B43 nuclear bomb (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		The B43 was never used in anger, but it was involved in a nuclear accident when an A-4 Skyhawk of the USS Ticonderoga (VA-56) was lost off the coast of Japan on 5 December 1965.
		Neither the aircraft, the pilot, nor the bomb were found.
		The B43 was phased out in the 1980s, and the last B43 weapons were retired in 1991 in favor of the newer B61 and B83 weapons.
	www.encyclopedia-glossary.com /en/B43-nuclear-bomb.html (347 words)

	NUCLEAR WEAPONS: BOMBERS
		The first nuclear bombs were expected to be delivered to their targets by bombers, the only long range delivery system then in operation.
		The bombs used at the end of World War II against Japan (Hiroshima and Nagasaki) were delivered by means of the B-29 Superfortress' of the 509th Composite Group based on Tinian.
		(Bomb numbers have no dashes to distinguish them from aircraft.) The last strategic bomb (not missile warhead) to be produced was probably the B83, first built in 1983.
	www.olive-drab.com /od_nuclear_airborne.php (642 words)

	Los Alamos Study Group
		The government contends the B61-11 is merely a "modification" to the B61-7 gravity bomb.
		The B61-11 fulfills a longstanding desire of the military for an earth-penetrating weapon, a bomb that can get at command centers or other installations designed to be invulnerable to all but the largest nuclear weapons.
		The previous weapon with this mission was the B53, the highest-yield weapon in the U.S. arsenal.
	www.lasg.org /archive/1997/birth-bomb.htm (1878 words)

	The B
		The skin on the 50 inch in diameter bomb is described as "fragile", consistent with it being only a light weight structure housing a smaller diameter weapon.
		The last 50 B-53 bombs finally began retirement from active service at the beginning of 1997 (although they remain part of the enduring stockpile).
		Approximately 340 B-53 bombs were manufactured between August 1962 and June 1965 at the AEC's Burlington, Iowa final assembly plant.
	www.avhub.net /B53HighYieldThermonuclearBomb.htm (836 words)

	New bomb, no mission \| thebulletin.org
		The 1,200-pound B61-11 replaces the B53, a 8,900-pound, nine-megaton bomb that was developed as a "city buster" and was later designated as a substitute for an earth-penetrating weapon.
		The B53 was the highest-yield weapon in the arsenal.
		A modified "Little Boy" gun-type gravity bomb called the Mk-8 or "Elsie" (which stood for "LC" or "light case") was deployed by the navy in 1953 as a hard-target penetrator.
	www.thebulletin.org /article.php?art_ofn=mj97mello (3739 words)

	Bunker-Busting US Tactical Nuclear Bombs - Nowhere To Hide
		The tests were designed to measure the nuclear bomb casing's penetration into frozen soil and the survivability of the weapon's internal components.
		A team excavated the two unexploded dummy bombs and took careful measurements of their angles and depth of penetration into the soil, which were 6 and 10 feet, according to the Air Force.
		All bomb casings were recovered 100 percent intact, according to the release.
	www.rense.com /general14/bunkerbusting.htm (783 words)

	B61
		In October 1993, Harold Smith, Assistant to the Secretary of Defense for Atomic Energy, sought approval to develop an alternative to the B53 high-yield nuclear bomb, which was the principal "bunker buster" weapon in the U.S. arsenal.
		The B53 was also the heaviest payload nuke in use, weighing 8,900 pounds, and only deployable from the B-52 bombers.
		The aft portion of the bomb was outfitted with ballast and a drag flare.
	globalsecurity.org /wmd/systems/b61.htm (2463 words)

	TonyRogers.com \| B-61-11 tactical thermonuclear gravity bomb
		The mission-specific 1,200-pound B61-11 "bunker buster" replaces the B53, a 8,900-pound, nine-megaton bomb that was developed as a "city buster" and was later designated as a substitute for an earth-penetrating weapon.
		The B53 was deliverable only by vulnerable B-52s; in contrast, the smaller and lighter B61-11 can be delivered by the stealthier B-2A bomber, or even by F-16C fighters.
		The B53 was the highest-yield weapon in the U.S. arsenal.
	www.tonyrogers.com /weapons/b_61_11.htm (409 words)

	the nuclear information project: the B61-11
		The B83 bomb was also considered as a candidate, but B61-7 was chosen because it was the "most mature" (note that for the RNEP, the DOE chose the B83 rather than the B61).
		The B61-11 program, or the B53 Replacement Program as it was formally called, was budgeted in 1995 to cost more almost $37.5 million, or $750.000 for each of the 50 B61-11s produced.
		The B53 was highlighted as an unsafe weapon in the 1990 Drell Report, which contributed to the decision to replace the weapon.
	www.nukestrat.com /us/afn/B61-11.htm (5282 words)

	B83 nuclear bomb (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		The B83 nuclear weapon is dial-a-yield gravity bomb developed by the United States.
		It was based partly on the earlier B77 nuclear bomb program, which was terminated due to cost overruns.
		Its internal design and layout are similar to the smaller B61 nuclear bomb, with the warhead mounted in the forward part of the weapon to make the bomb deliberately nose-heavy.
	read-and-go.hopto.org /Nuclear-bombs/B83-nuclear-bomb.html (255 words)

	[No title]
		Orion would need to be big: atom bombs have a minimum size, and the pusher plate would need to be tough enough to withstand thousands of atom bombs exploding in succession.
		By detonating a bomb every three seconds, the ship could reach a top speed of three per cent lightspeed in ten days, giving a voyage time to Alpha Centauri of 140 years." (Dr Bob Forward, in Focus) 2) "Project Daedalus is a recent design of the British Interplanetary Society.
		Assume the basic fuel unit is the USA's B53 bomb (Sci Am, Oct 87, p.14) 1) returning B53's to operational status increases gross destructive power of US arsenal by 20%.
	website.lineone.net /~chrisaustin1/biv.htm (3123 words)

	Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations
		The United States is fielding a new nuclear weapon-a bomb that was used to threaten Libya, a non-nuclear nation, even before it was deployed.
		The 1,200-pound B61-11 replaces the B53, a 8,900-pound, nine-megaton bomb that was developed as a{open_quotes}city buster{close_quotes} and was later designated as a substitute for an earth-penetrating weapon.
		The B53 was deliverable only by vulnerable B-52s; in contrast, the smaller and lighter B61-11 can be delivered the the stealthier B-2A bomber, or even by F16 fighters.
	www.osti.gov /energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=530824 (251 words)

	B61
		Retirement of early versions began in 1967, but later versions of this bomb remained in the arsenal until 1987, when retirements were halted and retired (but still assembled) bombs were brought back into the active stockpile.
		The decision to retire the B53 is now "pending." The location(s) where the modifications are being done is classified, as is the number of weapons being converted.
		The new bomb would be ready for possible use by the end of this year, Smith said, before the expected completion date of the factory.
	www.avhub.net /B61-11NuclearWeapon.htm (3480 words)

	B41 nuclear bomb - Encyclopedia Glossary Meaning Explanation B41 nuclear bomb (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		B41 nuclear bomb - Encyclopedia Glossary Meaning Explanation B41 nuclear bomb.
		About 500 of these weapons were manufactured between September 1960 and June 1962.
		The Mk 41 was progressively phased out of service from 1963 in favor of the B53 nuclear bomb.
	www.encyclopedia-glossary.com /en/B41-nuclear-bomb.html (331 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		"Box-Office Bomb," in the April 2 Washington Insight column, notes the impending retirement of the nine-megaton, 8,850-pound B53 nuclear bomb, described as the weapon "ridden bronco-style to nuclear armageddon" by Slim Pickens in the classic 1964 film "Dr. Strangelove."
		Before celebrating the passing of the approximately 50 remaining versions of this thermonuclear behemoth, you should have noted that it is being replaced (in roughly equal numbers) by the B61-11, a newly reconfigured nuclear gravity bomb designed to burrow underground some 50 feet before detonating.
		Even with an explosive yield six million times smaller than the B53, the B61-11 is quite capable of destroying underground command bunkers in Russia and other heretofore impenetrable targets, such as the reputed underground chemical weapons factory at Tarhunah, Libya.
	www.brook.edu /Views/Op-ed/SCHWARTZ/19970414.HTM (191 words)

	Nukes Nuclear bombs Missile Defense ICBMs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		All of the events leading up to a fusion bomb unleashing its energy happen in about 600 billionths of a second (550 billionths of a second for the fission bomb implosion, 50 billionths of a second for the fusion events).
		The B53 was designed as a high yield bomb to be carried internally by the B-52s.
		It is the first megaton-range bomb designed for laydown (delayed blast, allowing the aircraft to deliver the bomb at very low altitude and escape) surface delivery against hardened targets.
	www.danshistory.com /nuke.shtml (5640 words)

	Strategic Affairs - Technology
		A sled test on 26 February proved that the bomb could penetrate over 20 feet of concrete, while an earlier flight test had demonstrated the bomb's ability to penetrate more than 100 feet of earth.
		The first two operational bombs were delivered to the US Air Force in the Iraq theatre on 27 February 1991, a day before the cease fire.
		The B61 "mod-11" gravity bomb is the first increment made to the US arsenal after the NPT was extended indefinitely.
	www.stratmag.com /issue2Oct-15/page03.htm (2177 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		Lost and abandoned thermonuclear bombs threaten American cities and are apt to be salvaged by terrorists.
		"A thermonuclear bomb was lost in 12 feet of water and lies buried under a...
		the enhanced radiation weapon, or neutron bomb which are small thermonuclear weapons in which the burst of neutrons...
	www.nuclearsurvivor.com /thermonuclear-bomb-survival.html (724 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		The earth-penetrator bomb has a feature weaponeers call dial-a yield, meaning it can be configured to produce several nuclear yields, ranging from 300 tons of TNT-equivalent to 340 kilotons, or 20 times the explosive power of the Hiroshima bomb.
		DOE officials say the B61-11 will replace the much larger, 9-megaton B53 bomb introduced into the arsenal in the early 1960s, although a final decision on the fate of the B53 has not been made.
		The earth-penetrating bomb is at the center of a little-publicized but crucially important debate over what constitutes a new nuclear weapon.
	www.darkconspiracy.com /conspiracies/nuke/newbom.txt (594 words)

	Comments
		In 1963 DOE declassified statements that the U.S. had the technological capability of deploying a 35 mt warhead on the Titan II, or a 50-60 mt gravity bomb on B-52s.[8] Neither weapon was pursued (the Titan II was deployed with a 9 mt warhead), but either would require yield-to-weight ratios superior to a 25-mt B41.
		(a) Development of the B53 began in March 1958 as a replacement for the B41.[10] The B53 was carried by the B-47, B-52, and B-58 bombers.
		However, this was a reduced yield "clean" version: the uranium sleeve on the tertiary stage was replaced with lead, and the fission yield was only 3% of the total yield.[63] The full yield version had a yield of 150 mt[62] (Russian sources report 100 mt[64] to 150 mt[67]).
	understandwordlove.blogdrive.com /comments?id=4 (3374 words)

	B53 / Mk.53 / W53
		The Mk-53 "hydrogen" bomb, first produced in 1962 was designed to be carried internally by B-47, B-52, B-58, and B-70 aircraft.
		Air Force regulations prohibit air transport of nuclear weapons containing conventional high explosives (CHE), (i.e., B53, W62, W78) unless ground transport is not feasible.
		Air transport of CHE weapons requires approval by the Secretary of the Military Department or the Commander of the Unified or Specified Command or their designated representatives.
	www.globalsecurity.org /wmd/systems/b53.htm (154 words)

	Replies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		The bombs are modified Army artillery tubes, weigh 4,637 pounds, and contain 630 pounds of high explosives.
		The bomb was fabricated starting on 1 February, using surplus 8-inch artillery tubes as bomb casings because of their strength and weight.
		The official go-ahead for the project was issued on 14 February, and explosives for the initial units were hand-loaded by laboratory personnel into a bomb body that was partially buried upright in the ground.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/news/655327/replies?c=1 (4655 words)

	Even Nuclear Arms Might Not Bust Enemy Bunkers, Scientists Say (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-06)
		That means a nuclear bomb might strike the area and still spare the bunker, Forden concluded.
		While ordinary bombs could not be expected to cave in the buried Libyan depot, perhaps if guided by lasers or satellites they could reliably slam shut the entrances.
		He also complains about accuracy, and doesn't mention that the laser guided weapons are nothing more than iron bombs with a laser seeker on front and control surfaces in the back that come as a kit and are "strapped on" during bomb prep.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/news/655327/posts (6992 words)

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