Ba`al Hammon - Factbites

Ba`al Hammon - Factbites
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Topic: Ba`al Hammon

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	Baal
		Rams are sacred to Baal-Hammon and Baíal Karnayin, goats to Baal Gad, and flies to Baal-Zebul, whom Christian syncretized with their Devil as Beelzebub, Lord of Flies.
		As Baal Shamim (also spelled Shamen, Shamem, Shamin, Shamayim, and Shamain), he is Lord of the Heaven, Lord of the Assembly, Lord of the Skies, and Bearer of Thunder.
		To Moabites he was Baal Peor, and in Egypt he was Baal-Khepeshef (Baal is upon his sword).
	www.inharmsway.net /gods/baal.html

	Baal - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The worship of Ba`al Hammon flourished in the Phoenician colony of Carthage.
		Ba'al Hammon was the supreme god of the Carthaginians and is generally identified by modern scholars either with the northwest Semitic god El or with Dagon, and generally identified by the Greeks with Cronus and by the Romans with Saturn.
		Certainly some of the Ugaritic texts and Sanchuniathon report hostility between El and Hadad, perhaps representing a cultic and religious differences reflected in Hebrew tradition also, in which Yahweh in the Tanach is firmly identified with El and might be expected to be somewhat hostile to Ba’al/Hadad and the deities of his circle.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Baal (2983 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Baal
		Ba‘al Hammon, the supreme god of Carthage is generally identified by modern scholars either with the northwest Semitic god El or with Dagon, neither of whom are normally called Ba‘al in the eastern Mediterranean, so far as is known.
		Ba‘alat Gebal 'Lady of Byblos' appears to have been generally identified with ‘Ashtart although Sanchuniathon distinguishes the two.
		Because more than one god bore the title Ba‘al and more than one goddess bore the title Ba‘alat or Ba‘alah, it is often difficult to be sure which Ba‘al 'Lord' or Ba‘alat 'Lady' a particular inscription or text is speaking of.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Ba'al (2155 words)

	Baal
		Ba‘al Hammon, the supreme god of Carthage is generally identified by modern scholars either with the northwest Semitic god El or with Dagon, neither of whom are normally called Ba‘al in the eastern Mediterranean, so far as is known.
		See also Ba‘al Hammon, Baal Peor, Ba‘al Shamîm, Beelzebub, Bel, Hadad, Melqart, Moloch
		A reminiscence of Ba‘al as a title of a local fertility god (or referring to a particular god of subterraneous water) may occur in the Talmudic Hebrew prhases field of the ba‘al and place of the ba‘al and Arabic ba‘l used of land fertilised by subterraneous waters rather than by rain.
	www.apawn.com /search.php?title=Baal (2148 words)

	Baal - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ba‘al Hammon, the supreme god of Carthage is generally identified by modern scholars either with the northwest Semitic god El or with Dagon, neither of whom are normally called Ba‘al in the eastern Mediterranean, so far as is known.
		A reminiscence of Ba‘al as a title of a local fertility god (or referring to a particular god of subterraneous water) may occur in the Talmudic Hebrew prhases field of the ba‘al and place of the ba‘al and Arabic ba‘l used of land fertilised by subterraneous waters rather than by rain.
		The contest described in 1 Kings 18.1–45 between the "prophets of the Ba‘al" and the "prophets of the Asherah" on one side and Elijah as prophet of Yahweh on the other in the context of a drought might suggest that the question is partly about which god actually sends rain.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Baal (2148 words)

	Baal - TheoWiki
		As Ba`al Hammon or Ba`al Khamon, he is the chief Carthaginian god of sky and vegetation, depicted as a bearded older man with curling ram's horns, perhaps a merging of ´El and Ba`al.
		Ba`al is often depicted striding forward, wearing a horned helmet and short wrap kilt, carrying a mace and spear or lightning-bolt staff.
		Ba`al is the god most actively worshipped in Canaan and Phoenicia, the Storm God, source of the winter rain storms, spring mist, and summer dew which nourish the crops.
	www.theowiki.com /index.php/Baal (2148 words)

	Cronus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The baby-eating myth of Cronos is considered to derive from such earlier religion, as Ba`al Hammon was sometimes worshipped by Molk (child sacrifice by burning within a statue of Ba`al Hammon).
		An earlier version of Cronos, that before worship of Zeus became popular, is considered to be connected to the Semitic deity Ba`al Hammon.
		In Greek mythology, Cronus (of obscure etymology, perhaps related to "horned"), pronounced: kroh'-nuhs, also spelled Cronos or Kronos, was the leader and the youngest of the first generation of Titans; he is often confused with Chronos/Khronos, the personification of time.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cronus (1112 words)

	Moloch - Iridis Encyclopedia
		Cleitarchus, Diodorus Siculus and Plutarch all mention burning of children as an offering to Cronus or Saturn, that is to Ba‘al Hammon, the chief god of Carthage.
		This did not hold back some from identifying Moloch with Milcom, with the Tyrian god Melqart, with Ba‘al Hammon to whom children were purportedly sacrificed, and with any other god called 'Lord' ( Ba‘al) or ( Bel).
		Diodorus also relates relatives were forbidden to weep and that when Agathocles defeated Carthage, the Carthaginian nobles believed they had displeased the gods by substituting low-born children for their own children.
	www.iridis.com /Molech (1112 words)

	Moloch
		Cleitarchus, Diodorus Siculus and Plutarch all mention burning of children as an offering to Cronus or Saturn, that is to Ba‘al Hammon, the chief god of Carthage.
		This did not hold back some from identifying Moloch with Milcom, with the Tyrian god Melqart, with Ba‘al Hammon to whom children were purportedly sacrificed, and with any other god called 'Lord' ( Ba‘al) or ( Bel).
		Diodorus also relates relatives were forbidden to weep and that when Agathocles defeated Carthage, the Carthaginian nobles believed they had displeased the gods by substituting low-born children for their own children.
	www.mywiseowl.com /articles/Moloch (1112 words)

	Ba
		Ba`al Hammon Ba‘al Hammon (more properly Ba‘al Ḥammon or possibly Ba‘al Ḥamon) was the ch...
		Ba`al Shamîm Ba‘al Shamîm 'Lord of Heaven' is a northwest Semitic god or a title applied to different gods at diff...
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/ba.html (1112 words)

	Online Encyclopedia - baal
		Similarly Ba‘al Hammon;, the supreme god of Carthage is generally identified by modern scholars either with the northwest Semitic god El or with Dagon, neither of whom are normally called Ba‘al in the eastern Mediterranean, so far as is known.
		Certainly some of the Ugaritic texts and Sanchuniathon report hostility between El and Hadad, perhaps representing a cultic and religious differences reflected in Hebrew tradition also, in which Yahweh in the Tanach is firmly identified with El and might be expected to be somewhat hostile to Ba’al/Hadad and the deities of his circle.
		Ba‘alat Gebal; 'Lady of Byblos' appears to have been generally identified with ‘Ashtart although Sanchuniathon distinguishes the two.
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /Baal.html (1112 words)

	El (god) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		See Ba‘al Hammon for the possiblity that Ēl was identical with Ba‘al Hammon who was worshipped as the supreme god in Carthage.
		Identification of an aspect of Ēl with Poseidon rather than with Cronus might have been felt to better fit with Hellenistic religious practice, if indeed this Phoenician Poseidon really is Ēl who dwells at the source of the two deeps in Ugaritic texts.
		But we are told that Ēl slew his own son Sadidus (a name that some commentators think might be a corrupton of Shaddai, one of the epithets of the Biblical Ēl) and that Ēl also beheaded one of his daughters.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/El_(god) (1112 words)

	Phoenician Religion -- Pagan
		Baal Hammon was still a celestial god, but he became also, or reverted to being a god of the earth -- at once a sky and solar deity and a productive and fertilising one.
		Baal (Hadad) is regularly denominated "the son of Dagan," although Dagan (biblical Dagon) does not appear as an actor in the mythological texts.
		Baal (ba'al), plural Baalim (ba'allm) [Semitic,= possessor], name used throughout the Old Testament for the deity or deities of Canaan.
	www.phoenicia.org /pagan.html (1112 words)

	Deity Temple, Room 3 - The Phoenician Deities
		Tanit is a Phoenician goddess and the chief goddess of Carthage, consort of Ba`al-Hammon.
		As far as we can tell, most cities had a God and a Goddess who were the patron/ matron deities of the city and their primary focus of worship, although this may not always have been the case.
		Her shrine was at the sacred spring of Afka, where fire was said to fall into the water, renewing the youth of the goddess, combining the force of earthly flowing water and of heavenly fire.
	www.geocities.com /SoHo/Lofts/2938/punicdei.html (1112 words)

	Writing.Com: The demons of our world
		Demonologists have associated his name with the Egyptian god Ammon or with the god Ba‘al Hammon of Carthage.
		, Pruslas In demonology Pruslas is one of Astaroth's assistants.
	www.writing.com /view/886961 (4490 words)

	Carthage's Tophet
		From this evidence, most (but not all) scholars conclude that the Tophet was a burial ground for infants sacrificed to the gods Tanit and Ba’al Hammon
		The place for depositing the remains is called a "tophet" from a term in the Old Testament, and tophets have been discovered not only at Carthage but at numerous other Phoenician sites in the west.
		Some scholars continue to refuse to believe in the practice and to dismiss the ancient literary evidence as mere propaganda, but with the discovery of the physical remains there can be little legitimate doubt.
	www.barca.fsnet.co.uk /carthage-tophet.htm (248 words)

	Child Sacrifice: Where living children sacrificed to the gods of Phoenician Punic Carthage?
		The Carthage Tophet was a sacred sanctuary where people came to make vows and address requests to Ba'al Hammon and his consort Tanit, according to the formula do ut des ("I give in order that you give").
		The word "Tophet" can be translated "place of burning" or "roaster." The Hebrew text does not specify that the Judahite victims were buried, only burned, although the "place of burning" was probably adjacent to the place of burial.
		The human remains found in the urns buried in the Tophet were of children recalled to the presence of the gods; that is why they were buried in the sanctuary.
	www.phoenicia.org /childsacrifice.html (3469 words)

	Chevron 26 - Stargate Egyptian and Ancient Mythology
		Tanit is a Phoenician goddess and the chief goddess of Carthage, consort of Ba`al-Hammon.
		Bel became especially used of the Babylonian god Marduk and when found in Assyrian and neo-Babylonian personal names or mentioned in inscriptions in Mesoptamian context it can usually be taken as referring to Marduk and no other god.
		Similarly Belit without some disambiguation mostly refers to Bel Marduk's spouse Zarpanitu, However Marduk's mother, the Sumerian goddess called Ninhursag, Ningal and Ninmah and other names in Sumerian, was often known as Belit-ili 'Lady of the Gods' in Akkadian.
	www.chevron26.com /mythology/egotth.html (4935 words)

	Child sacrifice - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sites within Carthage and other Phoenician centers revealed the remains of infants and children in large numbers; initially this was interpreted as evidence for frequent and prominent child sacrifice to the god Ba'al Hammon.
		Child sacrifice is the ritualistic killing of children in order to please, propitiate or force supernatural beings in order to achieve a desired result.
		In the Bible, Abraham is told to sacrifice his son Isaac for the glory of God, though angelic intervention prevents it; the binding of Isaac is one of the most challenging, and perhaps ethically troublesome, parts of the Bible, and has its own entry.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Child_sacrifice (629 words)

	Hanno the Navigator - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Hanno the Navigator is said to have inscribed his account of the voyage on a tablet that was hung up in the temple of Ba‘al Hammon (whom Greek writers identified with Cronus) on his return to Carthage.
		What is generally supposed to be a Greek translation of this is still extant, in a single manuscript, under the title of Periplus, although its factual dependability has been both questioned and ably defended (see link).
		Carthaginian Exploration: The Voyages of Hanno and Himilco
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hanno_the_Navigator (444 words)

	Hanno the Navigator - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Hanno the Navigator is said to have inscribed his account of the voyage on a tablet that was hung up in the temple of Ba‘al Hammon (whom Greek writers identified with Cronus) on his return to Carthage.
		Hanno the Navigator (Annôn, meaning "merciful" or "mild" in Punic) is called so in order to distinguish him from the more famous but later Carthaginian, Hanno the Great.
		What is generally supposed to be a Greek translation of this is still extant, in a single manuscript, under the title of Periplus, although its factual dependability has been both questioned and ably defended (see link).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hanno_the_Navigator (434 words)

	The Voyage of Hanno
		“The Voyage of Hanno, King of the Carthaginians, to the Libyan regions of the earth, beyond the Pillars of Heracles...” These are the opening words of the Periplus of Hanno, a Greek translation of a Punic inscription that had been set up in the temple of the chief god of Carthage, Ba’al Hammon.
		Hanno’s enterprise was so momentous that when the Romans in 146 B.C. razed the capital of the Carthaginians to the ground with such thoroughness that excavators today have difficulty in even tracing its outline, they must have felt that this achievement of their enemies could not be ignored.
		Hanno could hardly have been more specific and effective in the description of what he saw, but it is the universal agreement among scholars that it is impossible that he may have seen Mount Cameroon: the ancients were too primitive to be able to navigate as far as the Gulf of Guinea.
	www.metrum.org /mapping/hanno.htm (8133 words)

	Moloch - Open Encyclopedia
		Cleitarchus, Diodorus Siculus and Plutarch all mention burning of children as an offering to Cronus or Saturn, that is to Ba‘al Hammon, the chief god of Carthage.
		Later commentators have compared these accounts with similar ones from Greek and Latin sources speaking of the offering of children by fire as sacrifices in the Punic city of Carthage.
		Paul G. Mosca in his thesis (described below) translates Cleitarchus' paraphrase of a scholia to Plato's Republic as:
	open-encyclopedia.com /Moloch (3121 words)

	Baal.html
		Rams are sacred to Baal-Hammon and Baíal Karnayin, goats to Baal Gad, and flies to Baal-Zebul, whom Christian syncretized with their Devil as Beelzebub, Lord of Flies.
		Baal rules wind, rain, thunderstorms, lightning, war, vegetation, springs, arable land, the seasons, autumn and winter rainstorms, the agricultural cycle, and fertility.
		As Baal Shamim (also spelled Shamen, Shamem, Shamin, Shamayim, and Shamain), he is Lord of the Heaven, Lord of the Assembly, Lord of the Skies, and Bearer of Thunder.
	www.open-sesame.com /Baal.html (394 words)

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