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Topic: Babinski reflex

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	Babinski's reflex - multiple sclerosis encyclopaedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Babinski's reflex or extensor plantar reflex is a test for dysfunction corticospinal tract.
		Babinski's reflex can occur unilaterally (in just one foot) or bilaterally (in both feet).
		A positive Babinski's reflex is consistent with several neurological conditions, including multiple sclerosis.
	www.mult-sclerosis.org /Babinskisreflex.html (94 words)

	Reflex action - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A reflex action or reflex is a biological control system linking stimulus to response and mediated by a reflex arc.
		For a reflex, reaction time is the time from the onset of a stimulus until the organism responds.
		A reflex mechanism involves a receptor organ, and effector organ, and some type of communication network.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Reflex (192 words)

	Babinski Reflex - Talk Medical
		Babinski reflex: An important neurologic test based, believe it or not, upon what the big toe does when the sole of the foot is stimulated.
		The Babinski reflex is obtained by stimulating the external portion (the outside) of the sole.
		The Babinski reflex is known by a number of other names: the plantar response (because the sole is the plantar surface of the foot), the toe or big toe sign or phenomenon, the Babinski phenomenon or sign.
	www.talkmd.com /medical-dictionary/print-1531 (362 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Babinski's reflex
		Babinski's reflex occurs when the great toe flexes toward the top of the foot and the other toes fan out after the sole of the foot has been firmly stroked.
		Reflexes are specific, predictable, involuntary responses to a particular type of stimulation.
		Babinski's reflex is one of the infantile reflexes.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/003294.htm (489 words)

	Babinski Reflex
		Babinski Reflex is a normal reflex response in infants upto 2 years of age.
		The Babinski response is present until about 4 to 6 months of age (normally present in 10% of 6 month olds), and disappears completely by 9 to 12 months.
		It is a normal reflex in infants, but it is usually associated with a disturbance of the pyramidal tract in children and adults.
	baby-care-guide.com /child-development/babinski-reflex.htm (287 words)

	Discovery Health :: Medical Tests :: Babinski reflex
		A Babinski reflex is a body response that may be tested during a physical exam.
		This reflex, or involuntary type of response, is normal in small children, but not normal for those over 2 years old.
		Testing for the Babinski reflex is usually done when th provider suspects head injury, brain disease, spinal cord injury, or spinal cord disease.
	health.discovery.com /encyclopedias/illnesses.html?article=935&page=1 (346 words)

	Joseph Jules Francois Felix Babinski
		Of Babinski’s many accomplishments, writings and discoveries, he was most known for “recogniz[ing] the significance and the importance of the inversion of the plantar cutaneous reflex which translates an attack of the pyramidal system controlling fine motricity” (Lambert, n.d.).
		Babinski was the first individual to describe “differential diagnostical criteria for separating hysteria from organic diseases” (“Joseph“, n.d.).
		Babinski was a extraordinary scientist and clinician that gave much to the field of neuroanatomy and helped pave the way for further anatomists, not only in France, but world-wide.
	www.angelfire.com /jazz/neurodude (552 words)

	[No title]
		A reflex is a response or combination of responses that are unlearned and largely under the control of a specific stimulus.
		The reflex in which the infant's toes fan out in response to tickling the sole of his foot is called the reflex.
		The reflex in which the infant responds to noise or other startling stimulation by bringing his arms and legs forward as if to embrace someone or something is called the reflex.
	online.sfsu.edu /~psych200/unit2/24.txt (3119 words)

	Reflex Tests \| AHealthyMe.com
		Reflex tests are performed as part of a neurological exam, either a "mini-exam" done to quickly confirm integrity of the spinal cord, or a more complete exam performed to diagnose the presence and location of spinal cord injury or neuromuscular disease.
		Another type of reflex test is called the Babinski test, which involves gently stroking the sole of the foot to assess proper development of the spine and cerebral cortex.
		When performing the Babinski reflex test, the doctor will gently stroke the outer soles of the patient's feet with the mallet while checking to see whether or not the big toe extends out as a result.
	www.ahealthyme.com /topic/topic100587392 (673 words)

	Joseph Jules François Félix Babinski (www.whonamedit.com)
		Joseph Babinski was the son of a polish engineer and his wife who in 1848 flew Warsaw for Paris because of a Russian reign of terror with the purpose of stalling Polish attempts at achieving independence.
		Babinski's failure to climb the academic ladder was to become of fundamental importance to French neurology.
		Babinski’s obituary in The Lancet ended with the following words: "None of Charcot's pupils is surer to be remembered for his achievements in the field of neurology." Babinski is buried on the Cimetière des Champeaux at Montmorency, about 13 km north of Paris, France.
	www.whonamedit.com /doctor.cfm/370.html (2419 words)

	The Babinski sign--a reappraisal. Kumar SP, Ramasubramanian D Neurol India
		The Babinski sign is not a new reflex, rather it is released as a result of breakdown of the harmonious integration of the flexion and extension components of the normal defence reflex mechanism, due to pyramidal tract dysfunction.
		The Babinski sign might be released by dysfunction of pyramidal tract fibres that project on interneuronal zone, at least on those interneurons that subserve the flexion reflex synergy, of which the Babinski sign is a part.
		The afferent nerve is the tibial nerve, the spinal cord segments involved in the reflex arc being 4th and 5th lumbar and 1st and 2nd sacral.
	www.neurologyindia.com /article.asp?issn=0028-3886;year=2000;volume=48;issue=4;spage=314;epage=8;aulast=Kumar (2094 words)

	One hundred years of the Babinski sign
		Babinski was probably not aware at the time that E. Remak, a German physician, had previously described the sign.
		He realized since 1896 that the Babinski reflex was part of the flexor reflex synergy.
		The motto of Babinski was Observatio summa lex.
	www.imbiomed.com.mx /Innsz/Nnv49n2/english/Znn72-10.html (305 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - Babinski reflex
		Reflex, in physiology, involuntary response to a stimulus by the animal organism.
		Reflex Angle, an angle greater than 180° but less than 360°.
		The topmost structure of the brain stem is the midbrain.
	encarta.msn.com /Babinski+reflex.html (103 words)

	HON Mother & Child Glossary, Innate Neonate Capacities
		Reflexes are the mainstay of the neonate's movements.
		Reflexes allow infants to respond automatically to certain stimuli in the environment around him/her, before the infant has had the opportunity to learn an appropriate response.
		The rooting reflex is useful as the baby does not need to actively search for it's food source, instead it automatically turns towards to it's primary food source, the breast nipple or bottle, and begins to suck.
	www.hon.ch /Dossier/MotherChild/postnatal/reflexes.html (220 words)

	Newborn - Reflexes
		This reflex does not begin until about the 32nd week of pregnancy and is not fully developed until about 36 weeks.
		The Moro reflex is often called a startle reflex because it usually occurs when a baby is startled by a loud sound or movement.
		This reflex is also called the walking or dance reflex because a baby appears to take steps or dance when held upright with his/her feet touching a solid surface.
	www.healthsystem.virginia.edu /UVaHealth/peds_newborn/behrefx.cfm (400 words)

	Plantar reflex (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		In medicine (neurology) the Babinski reflex or Babinski sign is a reflex that can identify disease of the spinal cord and brain.
		Occasionally a pathological plantar is first (and only) indication of a serious process and a clearly abnormal plantar reflex prompts detailed neurological investigations including CT scanning of the brain or MRI of the spine as well as lumbar puncture for the study of cerebrospinal fluid.
		This happens the corticospinal pathways (that run from the brain down the spinal cord) are not fully myelinated at this age so the reflex not inhibited by the cerebral cortex.
	www.freeglossary.com /Babinski's_sign (361 words)

	Babinski reflex definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		The Babinski reflex is obtained by stimulating the external portion (the outside) of the sole.
		The Babinski reflex is characterized by extension of the great toe and also by fanning of the other toes.
		The Babinski reflex is known by a number of other names: the plantar response (because the sole is the plantar surface of the foot), the toe or big toe sign or phenomenon, the Babinski phenomenon or sign.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=7172 (421 words)

	[No title]
		Babinski´s reflex occurs when the great toe flexes toward the top of the foot and the other toes fan out after the sole of the foot has been firmly stroked.
		In people more than 2 years old, the presence of a Babinski´s reflex indicates damage to the nerve paths connecting the spinal cord and the brain (the corticospinal tract).
		Because this tract is right-sided and left-sided, a Babinski´s reflex can occur on one side or on both sides.
	www.henryfordhealth.org /blank.cfm?print=yes&id=39639&action=detail&AEProductID=AdamEncy&AEArticleID=3294 (421 words)

	Healthopedia.com - Babinski Reflex (Babinski Sign, Extensor Plantar Reflex, Toe Sign)
		A Babinski reflex is a body response that may be tested during a physical exam.
		This reflex, or involuntary type of response, is normal in small children, but not normal for those over 2 years old.
		Testing for the Babinski reflex is usually done when th provider suspects head injury, brain disease, spinal cord injury, or spinal cord disease.
	www.healthopedia.com /babinski-reflex (321 words)

	Babinski sign (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The lateral side of the sole of the foot is rubbed with a sharp or hard implement (usually the tip of a tendon hammer), running from the heelalong a curve to the metatarsal pads.
		Occasionally, a pathological plantar is the first (and only) indication of a serious disease process, and a clearlyabnormal plantar reflex often prompts detailed neurological investigations,including CT scanning of the brain or MRI of the spine, as well as lumbar puncture for the study of cerebrospinal fluid.
		This happens because the corticospinal pathways (that run from the brain down the spinal cord) are not fully myelinated at this age, so the reflex is not inhibited by the cerebral cortex.
	www.therfcc.org /babinski-sign-326065.html (307 words)

	The Babinski sign -- Lance 73 (4): 360 -- Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry
		Flexor reflexes are prominent in the newborn and young infant.
		A longitudinal study of the Babinski and plantar grasp reflexes in infancy.
		The plantar reflex in man, with special reference to some conditions where the extensor response is unexpectedly absent.
	jnnp.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/73/4/360 (2228 words)

	reflex abnormality
		If the reflex was indeed positive and real, then it indicates that there has been damage to the nerves that control the muscles in your legs.
		I slowly lost my reflexes from lower to upper with 0 in arms and 0-trace in lower, including loss of gag reflex, which originally was 2++ in upper and 2++-1++ in lower.
		Were you saying that the babinski was probably real because the neurologist repeated it or because of the lightening or both.
	www.medhelp.org /perl6/neuro/messages/30449a.html (1656 words)

	Babinski-Reflex - Wikipedia
		Der Babinski-Reflex zählt zu den Pyramidenbahnzeichen und ist bei Kleinkindern bis zu etwa einem Jahr noch physiologisch.
		Der Reflex ist nach dem polnisch-französischen Neurologen Joseph Babinski (1857-1932) benannt.
		Bitte beachten Sie auch den Hinweis zu Gesundheitsthemen
	de.wikipedia.org /wiki/Babinski-Reflex (115 words)

	Babinski's sign I (www.whonamedit.com)
		Babinski’s reflex is normal in children up to about two years of age.
		The term Babinski’s sign also refers to a reflex of the forearm and indicates a lesion of the spinal cord.
		In 1896, at a meeting of the Société de Biologie, Babinski first reported his discovery that while the normal reflex of the sole of the foot consists of a plantar reflex of the toes; an injury to the pyramidal tract will show up in an isolated dorsal flexion of the great toe.
	www.whonamedit.com /synd.cfm/366.html (356 words)

	Babinski 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Babinski is probably best known for his discovery and writing of Babinski's sign or Babinski's test.
		This was a flexing of the big toe which may be accompanied by the fanning of the other toes when the lateral border of the sole of the foot is stroked.
		Babinski also made a number of observations and discoveries along side other prominent French neuroanatomists such as Frohlich and Nageotte.
	neurodude.esmartmusic.com (142 words)

	Growth and Development - The Growing Child: Newborn
		This reflex occurs when the corner of the baby's mouth is stroked or touched.
		With the grasp reflex, stroking the palm of a baby's hand causes the baby to close her fingers in a grasp.
		This reflex is also called the walking or dance reflex because a baby appears to take steps or dance when held upright with her feet touching a solid surface.
	www.chkd.org /Growth/nb1mo.asp (937 words)

	Reflex, Babinski - Talk Medical
		The normal mature Babinski reflex is characterized by extension of the great toe and also by fanning of the other toes.
		It is a sign of a problem in the central nervous system (CNS), most likely in a part of the CNS called the pyramidal tract.
		His name will not be soon forgotten in medicine, thanks to the Babinski reflex.
	www.talkmd.com /medical-dictionary/print-12172 (370 words)

	Babinski Telescoping Reflex Hammer by: Medisave Generic - Medisave UK
		Babinski Telescoping Reflex Hammer by: Medisave Generic - Medisave UK Home » Diagnostic Sets » General » PM0024
		Designed for testing reflexes and the nervous system.
		Equipped with a pointed end piece for testing nervous system response and a rubber head for reflex reaction.
	www.medisave.co.uk /babinski-telescoping-reflex-hammer-p-3982.html (149 words)

	Babinski Reflex
		Translations for "Babinski reflex"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.
		Babinskis refleks (Babinski sign, Babinski's reflex, Babinski's sign, Babinsky sign).
		Babinskin merkki (Babinski sign, Babinski's reflex, Babinski's sign, Babinsky sign), Babinskin koe (Babinski sign, Babinski's reflex, Babinski's sign, Babinsky sign), Babinskin heijaste (Babinski sign, Babinski's reflex, Babinski's sign, Babinsky sign).
	www.websters-online-dictionary.org /Ba/Babinski+reflex.html (357 words)

	Lancaster General Hospital - The Growing Child: Newborn (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Premature babies may have a weak or immature sucking ability, because they are born prior to the development of this reflex.
		Babies also have a hand-to-mouth reflex that accompanies rooting and sucking and may suck on their fingers or hands.
		This is a normal reflex until the child is about 2 years old.
	www.lancastergeneral.org /content/greystone_22460.asp (859 words)

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