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Topic: Backward Castes

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United Climate of the United Kingdom The Climate of the United Kingdom is temperate. Evangelical United Brethren The Evangelical United Brethren is an 1946 by the merger of the Evangelical Association with... Church of the United Brethren in Christ The Church of the United Brethren in Christ is an evangelical Huntington, Indian... www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/united.html

PEOPLE'S WAR AND THE PROBLEM OF DEVELOPMENT OF UNITED FRONT Now the importance of the united front is, on the one hand, as an instrument of struggle crucial for the whole future of the People's War and, on the other, to develop it practically from the local level as an instrument of the state power. A broad united front of the people of all anti-feudal and anti-imperialist classes, nationalities and regions is an inevitable precondition for the success of the People's War under the leadership of the Party and the completion of the New Democratic revolution. In the second part, it is important to understand the question of united front as the problem of uniting at the central level the people of all oppressed classes, nationalities and regions against feudalism and imperialism in the context of the overall historical development of Nepal. www.cpnm.org /worker/issue4/article_biswas.htm

fracturedverdict.html The United Front-Left Front combine embraces various "national parties" that are, in fact, regionally-concentrated and that are based on support from the so-called "backward" peasant castes; state parties; and the left parties--notably the Communist Party (Marxist), the ruling party of West Bengal and, with 32 seats in the new parliament, the Front's most powerful constituent. The United Front parties--with the notable exception of the CPM--suffered major defeats in the 1998 elections, and it remains fractiously divided, its unity broken by the defection of the Telegu Desam, the National Conference, and the Asom Gana Parishad. The importance of the states was enhanced during the period of the United Front government, for it was essentially a creature of state parties. menic.utexas.edu /asnic/countries/india/facturedverdict.html

15040300.htm The United Front (U.F.) in Maharashtra, beset with internal squabbles, is a shambles. Caste will play a role in the elections, but the political record of the candidates, the extent of their contact with the electorate and, above all, local issues are expected to decide the outcome. United Front leaders reminded the people that Assam had received a raw deal from the Centre when the Congress was in power for more than four-and-a-half decades of Independence. www.flonnet.com /fl1504/15040300.htm

Policy Resolution Such a front is to be built under the leadership of the working class around the core of the worker-peasant alliance and it is to pursue the minimum programme of the Party in the stage of democratic revolution leading up to the establishment of a revolutionary people's democratic dictatorship. The tactic of united front is particularly relevant in our context of a caste-ridden society where class issues often acquire caste appearances, which in turn tend to distort and impede the development of the underlying class reality. The tactic of united front under such conditions helps in pinning down and isolating the main enemy, defusing unnecessary social tension and bringing the class essence to the fore. www.cpiml.org /pgs/policyresolution/policy.htm

Untitled Document After questioning by the Lieutenant command-ing the unit (many allege that she was repeatedly raped as well as questioned) Premawathi was stripped of her clothing and forced to march naked through the city where she had reigned as festival queen. Among the most important, as we have seen, were formation of the Tamil United Front, formal rejection of the Republican Constitution, the proposed "six point plan" for partial autonomy, Chelvanayakam's resignation from his Parliamentary seat, and finally, the Vaddukoddai resolution. The United Front's proposed reforms were set forth in a twenty-five point "Common Program." Banks, heavy industry, the foreign owned tea plantations and imports of "essential commodities" were to be nationalized. www.american.edu /jrich/Richardson.militancy.html

Rediff On The NeT: Analysis of political trends in Tamil Nadu Now, it is the PT that is spearheading the dalit movement, in turn motivating some backward class groups to join hands, socially and politically. This is why the BC groups are targeting the constitutional seat reservations for the scheduled castes, which come up for review in 2001, when elections to the state assembly are also due. And this year, the unimpressive performance of the DMK state government and the United Front tamasha (drama) at the Centre were topped by the serial blasts in Coimbatore. in.rediff.com /news/1998/oct/27tn.htm

Elections The manifestations of their clout may appear relatively recent, but the roots go deep; it was not yesterday that the Other Backward Castes became such a powerful political voice. In case you are really concerned about the practicality of so many castes and religions being given reservation, you could write to me and I will delineate very simple ways of bringing about "social justice" both in elections and in the selection process for various layers of bureaucracy. In raising their demand at all available fora, these self-styled leaders have glossed over the fact that it is generally not because of economic reasons that women falling in the OBC categories have not had the benefit of higher education, but more so because of discrimination within the community. saxakali.com /demo/democracy3.htm

Indian elections produce unstable parliament In backward states like Bihar or Uttar Pradesh, rigging and large-scale bribing of the electorate are rampant. In the face of a deep-rooted institutionalisation of caste in rural society and the appeal to strong caste affinities by ruling-class parties, effecting a favourable balance of class forces in the elections becomes quite a daunting task. The United Front, a conglomeration of 13 different national and regional parties, got a massive drubbing, one of its main constituents, the Janata Dal, being almost decimated. www.greenleft.org.au /back/1998/311/311p19.htm

Seventh Party State Conference in Uttar Pradesh In their executive meeting at Shahranpur, the BJP talked of stability, peasant welfare and development etc. To consolidate its upper caste feudal base and check the drifting away of the most backward castes, Rajnath is trying to rake up the politics of reservation afresh. Among them were social issues like: separate quota for Most Backward Castes and Muslims in reservation, inclusion of the tribals of south-eastern UP in ST category and providing them with reservation in services as well as in the legislature. According to her, upper castes and dalits are getting polarised in her favour and the massacres are part of a conspiracy to check this. www.cpiml.org /liberation/year_2001/august/up.htm

Rediff On The NeT: Communists want United Front to jettison Pay Commission recommendations The United Front government will be compelled to jettison major portions of the Fifth Pay Commission's recommendations owing to the pressure from its coalition partners led by the Communists. Peeved at the adverse impact that the report will make on their rank and file, the UF constituents have authorised Communist Party of India- Marxist general secretary Harkishen Singh Surjeet to take up the issue with Prime Minister H D Deve Gowda. One senior JD leader said the government's failure to keep the promises made to the dalits and minorities in the common minimum programme has angered many party MPs. www.rediff.com /news/feb/05pay.htm

Red and saffron The rigid caste division between the lower and upper castes was also hit by the Hindutva ideology. It negated the EMS Nam-boodiripad thesis that “the, Hindus here are so caste-rid-den, the caste rules regarding their mutual social relations are so rigid, it is extremely difficult to create a sense of Hindu solidarity' (Kerala Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow). And even recently on 1 November 1999, students belonging to the Congress who were on dharna in front of the state secretariat were ston-ed by the SFI without any provocation. www.hvk.org /articles/0100/32.html

editoria.htm At the same time, he could not afford to alienate other sections of the people like the scheduled castes and the other backward castes, not speak of the forward classes. Circa fifty years ago, the United States of America was in the midst of a frenzy of patriotism: a general call to arms, Korea-ward ho, Syngman Rhee, the devil incarnate, had to be installed as that country’s absolute ruler. In his address to the congress, Mr George W. Bush, the president of the United States of America had sagely declared that his country was not at war with Islam but with the taliban, who in the name of Islam use violence to kill innocent people. www.telegraphindia.com /1011012/editoria.htm

left parties joint manifesto In the new world situation where the United States and its western allies seek to dominate the world, it is imperative that Indian foreign policy continues with its basic orientation embodied in the non-aligned policy. The United Front has proved its worth as a united and stable coalition which represents the rich diversity of the people of India. The closure of thousands of private sector units, the dismantling of the public sector enterprises and the failure to revive sick industries like textiles have led to the loss of jobs of tens of thousands workers. cpim.org /documents/1998_manifesto_left.htm

Bihar wants 10 more castes to be made SCs - Deccan Herald These castes, treated as Backward Castes in the state, account for 30 per cent of the state’s population. The BJP, regarded as a party of upper castes, recently constituted an EBC cell in the state under the leadership of former RJD leader Jainarayan Nishad. A day after this, some organisations of the caste, allegedly supported by the BJP had given a ritual milk bath to the statue of the first chief minister. www.deccanherald.com /deccanherald/nov042004/n8.asp

Material Basis for Separatism - Amita Shastri However, it fragmented the units of Tamil claims and demands-the provinces (units the BC Pact had recognized)-into smaller units that could be made more limited in their functions and responsibilities. The abolition of provincial boundaries as recognized administrative units and the shift to districts in 1963 as the desirable sub national units for administration and decentralization has escaped the attention of observers. This unit had a relatively low population and extended from the coast south of the town of Trincomalee westward and northward to cover the other interior AGA divisions of Kantalai, Moraweva, and Gomarankadawala (see figure 1). www.tamilnation.org /selfdetermination/tamileelam/9002amitashastri.htm

The Telegraph - Calcutta : Nation Underlying the dilemma faced by the upper castes is the realisation that the transition of power to the backward castes and the Dalits is a political reality. Madhubani, Feb. 16: If the backward castes and the Dalits of Bihar revel in their relatively new-found political empowerment by rooting for leaders like Laloo Prasad Yadav and Ram Vilas Paswan, the upper castes seem equally determined to demonstrate their “historical militancy” in the elections. In the process, the upper castes may be junking the BJP, the party that was their favourite from the Mandir-Mandal era, irrespective of its winning potential. www.telegraphindia.com /1050217/asp/nation/story_4387985.asp

New UP panel on reservation Singh’s move is bound to put his political rivals, particularly Samajwadi Party and Bahujan Samaj Party, in an uncomfortable situation since this could lead to a division within Backward Castes and make a dent in their respective vote banks. The backward leadership within the BJP will no longer be able to beat the Chief Minister with their social engineering stick. The Opposition, however, described the move as one aimed to divide the Dalits and backwards with an eye on the election. www.ambedkar.org /News/NewUP.htm

INDO-US RELATIONS- Gujral's Speech Approximately half of the members of the Lok Sabha are drawn from the backward castes and hitherto oppressed classes representing mainly small and middle farmers and landless workers. The backward castes now rule in seven States either by themselves or in coalition with one or more parties. The Union Government is in the hands of the United Front, a coalition of 13 parties with a Common Minimum Programme for development and social justice, supported from outside by the Congress and the Communist Party of India (Marxist) parties. www.indianembassy.org /indusrel/gujral.htm

Rediff On The Net Commentary: Saisuresh Sivaswamy One look at the tug of war that is passing off as the United Front is proof enough that the affairs of state, complex at ordinary times, cannot be left in the hands of tyros and aspirants forced to come together on a single platform by their mutual fear of a common enemy. And, like the United Front government, the BJP-BSP too is destined to go downhill, taking with it the collective dreams and aspirations of the agreement's architects. But there is no reason to shed a tear over this impending demise, just as there is none for the disastrous United Front that is hanging from the coat-tails of a man who its leaders, off the record, badmouth. specials.rediff.com /news/oct/14sai.htm

An agenda put on the backburner Mandal--or the empowerment of the backward castes and Dalits--was hardly an issue in the election campaigns of 1996. The resurgence of the backward castes may have been more visible in the crucial Hindi belt but its tremors can be felt even in distant states like Kerala and Maharashtra. As an issue, the reservations for the other backward castes (OBCs) had a strong democratic content in view of the sharp distortions in education and employment created by the caste system. www.expressindia.com /ie/daily/19970724/20551013.html

Left Front: Progressive about backwards Kolkata: How serious is the Left Front government for the uplift of the scheduled castes, scheduled tribes as well as other backward caste people in the state? The last report of the Public Accounts Committee of the assembly also noted the misuse of funds by the backward classes welfare department. The total amount of Rs 222.26 crore were shown as spent against the budgetary allocation but actually kept hidden to the legislative scrutiny. www.ambedkar.org /News/LFProgressive.htm

The Hindu : Vishwanath emerging as backward classes' leader A feeling has grown in the Congress that after the exit of the former Chief Minister, S. Bangarappa, from the party, there are not many leaders of Other Backward Classes (OBCs) to stand up to the politically dominant castes within the organisation. The Karnataka State Backward Castes' United Forum has come out in support of Mr. The Minister for Cooperation, H. Vishwanath, is emerging as a rallying point for the backward classes within the Congress and even outside, especially when it comes to allocation of the party ticket. www.hinduonnet.com /2004/03/08/stories/2004030803930600.htm

`Elite women are over-represented in the present Parliament' This shows that the elite women are over-represented according to their population while the backward caste women are under-represented. There are the dalits, the intermediate castes including farmers, the bhardralok (elite) who have for thousands of years looked down on those who do manual labour, and the minorities. All the four sections should be given equal representation in the women's reservation in proportion to their population. www.expressindia.com /ie/daily/19970525/14550093.html

BRIEFS - Deccan Herald The Karnataka State Backward Castes United Forum (KSBCUF) has urged the State government to withdraw the admission of students to ME and M Tech in the Visvesvaraya Technological University (VTU). Addressing reporters on Thursday KSBCUF President J Srinivas said that VTU had not made any seat reservation to backward castes and the admission process was illegal. There was not a single seat given to backward classes out of the 300 ME and M Tech seats, he alleged. www.deccanherald.com /deccanherald/sep032004/s15.asp

Wikipedia - List_of_political_parties_in_India All India Christian Democratic and Backward People’s Party Below is the list of 718 registered unrecognized parties as published by the Election Commission in ahead of September 2004 elections: Akhil Bharatiya Kisan Mazdoor Morcha ("All India Peasant Worker Front") wiki.domains-directory.com /info/List_of_political_parties_in_India

HVK Archives by Thread >>>The conflict between the forward and backward castes within the Bharatiya Janata Party, highlighted during the Lok Sabha campaign by the BJP's angry young woman, Ms Uma Bharati, has come into the open both in Gujarat and... Her village folks, in the one of most backward regions in the state in Purulia district, had proclaimed her a... The policies and programmes of the United Front (UF) government are being tailored to meet the needs of its supporters, " Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) president L.K Advani charged here last Friday. hvk.org /articles/0796

indya.com News - We'll sort out rifts, NDA won't break up: Mamata Banerjee said nothing had been done in West Bengal to fill up the 72,000 posts reserved for SC, ST and other backward castes in government services lying vacant for the past 24 years. Railway Minister Mamata Banerjee Monday said the ruling National Democratic Front at the Centre would remain united and that if there was any difference of opinion it would be sorted out through negotiations among its constituents. In a pre-election speech, she also took on former West Bengal chief minister Jyoti Basu for “running away from elections”. www.indya.com /news/991383668230.html

Sabrang Alternative News Network Secondly, the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes were separated from the expression backward classes there to make a distinction between them and the other backward classes. The exceptions to this principle are made in favour of women and children, the backward classes, the Scheduled Castes and Tribes and the weaker sections of the people. Article 335 States that the claims of the members of the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes shall be taken into consideration consistently with the maintenance of efficiency of administration in the making of appointments to the services and posts in connection with the affairs of the Union and of a State. www.sabrang.com /news/9june03.htm

3207089201.htm Apart from it, there are 60 castes in the whole country whose representations are pending and the people belonging to these castes have made a demand that they should be included in the list of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and backward classes. Once a review of all these castes should be made and after secutiny, all those communities that are backward and who need help from all of you as well as from the administration should be included in order to give a practical shape to the spirit of the Constitution. The most important thing in respect of Scheduled Caste and the Scheduled Tribes is that the condition of the caste who have been included in the list of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and backward classes should be evaluated and reviewed. parliamentofindia.nic.in /ls/lsdeb/ls10/ses4/3207089201.htm

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