Bacon's cipher - Factbites

Bacon's cipher - Factbites
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Topic: Bacon's cipher

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	Testing a Bacon-Shakespeare Cipher
		The temptation to find new Baconian ciphers is a powerful one, however, and Penn Leary, who greatly admires the Friedmans and who is determined to avoid the errors that they found in earlier Baconian works, believes that he has uncovered the actual cipher Bacon used to sign "Shakespeare's" works.
		If the Funeral Elegy was indeed written by the author of Shakespeare's works, and if Francis Bacon wrote those works and "signed" them by incorporating ciphers of his name, we should expect to find such ciphers hidden in the Funeral Elegy.
		Thus with 1 way to get "t," 14 ways for "c," and 2 ways for "n," there are 28 different English combinations of letters that produce the Bakish consonants in "bacon" forwards, and another 28 ways backwards.
	shakespeareauthorship.com /bacpenl.html

	AddALL.com - Great Cryptogram: Francis Bacon's Cipher in the So-Called Shakespeare Plays 1887
		Great Cryptogram: Francis Bacon's Cipher in the So-Called Shakespeare Plays 1887 - by Ignatius Donnelly - Paperback - List $40.95
		Great Cryptogram: Francis Bacon's Cipher in the So-Called Shakespeare Plays 1887
		AddALL.com - Great Cryptogram: Francis Bacon's Cipher in the So-Called Shakespeare Plays 1887
	www.addall.com /detail/1564595390.html

	Pattonvindication
		Booth was obviously aware of the old "String Cipher" when he called Bacon's cipher system a "String Cipher," because of the procedure in the Bacon method is best illustrated by describing it as "letters on a string"; In numbered paragraphs, he instructs us (page 36): Please note especially Paragraph (6).
		It is noteworthy that the three truly most important cipher systems, Ignatius Donnelly's cipher system and Bacon's system as discovered and used by William Stone Booth, were not even mentioned.
		The discovery of these acrostics was the result of study in the cryptography of the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, that is to say, in the cipher codes which were the tools used by ambassadors, intelligencers, and men who were directly or indirectly in the services of the governments of those days.
	www.sirbacon.org /pattonstrs.htm

	Annotated Voynich Manuscript Bibliography
		``Roger Bacon's Formula Yields Copper Salts, Proving Newbold Secret Cipher Translation.'' 2 Dec 1926, p 5, col 4 with follow-up articles 3 Dec, p 22, col 4 and12 Dec, sec XX, p 12, col 6.
		Brumbaugh, R. ``The Solution of the Voynich `Roger Bacon' Cipher.'' Yale Library Gazette 49 (1975): 347-55.
		Newbold, William R. ``The Cipher of Roger Bacon.'' Proceedings of the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Philadelphia, pp 431-74.
	www.dcc.unicamp.br /~stolfi/voynich/mirror/reeds/bib.html

	Francis Bacon
		This plate is reproduced from Bacon’s De Augmentis Scientiarum, and shows the two alphabets as designed by him for the purpose of his cipher.
		These cipher messages were placed in the books either by Bacon himself or by contemporary and subsequent authors belonging to the same secret society which Bacon served with his remarkable knowledge of ciphers and enigmas.
		Bacon often used this animal as a play upon his own name, especially because the name Bacon was derived from the word beech and the nut of this tree was used to fatten hogs.
	www.prs.org /gallery-bacon.htm (1361 words)

	cipher old Index - Computer-Technology-Find
		Ciphers used by Sir Francis Bacon as President of the Fraternity of the Rosie Cross.
		Francis Bacon Research Trust - Cipher Rating 3/10
		The Vigenere cipher is a simple example of a polyalphabetic cipher.
	www.computer-technology-find.com /Cipher/cipher-old.html (546 words)

	The great cryptogram: Francis Bacon's cipher in the so-called Shakespeare plays
		The great cryptogram: Francis Bacon's cipher in the so-called Shakespeare plays
		I used it for an English project on Shakspearen authorship and Francis Bacon played a huge role in Shakespeares life.
		I really liked this book, because it was packed full of so much information.
	www.tarotshop.com /amazon/asinsearch_0403004195.html (546 words)

	Amazon.com: Books: The Secret Teachings of All Ages: An Encyclopedic Outline of Masonic, Hermetic, Qabbalistic and Rosiccucian Symbolical Philosophy- Reduced Size Hardbound in Color
		numbered major trump, philosophic code, ten globes, incomposite number, biliteral cipher, minor trumps, inferior universe, philosophic death, archetypal sphere, zero card, seven double letters, alchemical formulae, numerical cipher, major trumps, solar life, sacred planets, mediaeval philosophers, hieroglyphic figures, doctrines and tenets, secret significance, casing stones, human regeneration, early priests, generative system, three murderers
		Middle Ages, Sir Francis Bacon, King Solomon, Albert Pike, Great Pyramid, Eliphas Levi, Christian Era, Godfrey Higgins, Franz Hartmann, American Indians, New Testament, Garden of Eden, Bembine Table, Thomas Taylor, Tree of Life, Lord Bacon, Christian Rosencreutz, Hargrave Jennings, Virgo Lucifera, Knights Templars, Egyptian Mysteries, Jesus Christ, Sepher Yetzirah, Supreme Mind, Clement of Alexandria
		SIPs: numbered major trump, philosophic code, ten globes, incomposite number, biliteral cipher (more)
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0893145483?v=glance (2038 words)

	The Great Cryptogram: Francis Bacon's Cipher in the So-Called Shakespeare Plays (1887) Ignatius Donnelly
		The Great Cryptogram: Francis Bacon's Cipher in the So-Called Shakespeare Plays (1887) Ignatius Donnelly
		Below you will see a list of US book stores, along with their stock and price details for The Great Cryptogram: Francis Bacon's Cipher in the So-Called Shakespeare Plays (1887) by Ignatius Donnelly.
		To allow you to quickly compare prices, the stores are arranged in order of delivered price, cheapest first.
	www.bookkoob.com /book/1564595390.htm (2038 words)

	BookPage Nonfiction Review: The Friar and the Cipher
		The Friar and the Cipher: Roger Bacon and the Unsolved Mystery of the Most Unusual Manuscript in the World is the story of that code and the effort to decipher it.
		Bacon, a devout Catholic, spent the latter part of his life virtually imprisoned because of his beliefs, but continued to write, theorize and, it is believed, to put his thoughts down in such a way that he could not be condemned if the writing was found.
		Bacon was the embodiment of science; he transcended Aristotle and the Greek philosophers and formulated what we know today as the scientific method.
	www.bookpage.com /0503bp/nonfiction/friar_and_cipher.html (294 words)

	Delia Bacon
		Delia Bacon used the term "cipher" to mean a duplicitous discourse, the interpretation of which constituted her own extensive labors.
		Bacon (1811-59) imbibed from this milieu an ambition to excel in literature that it was bound to frustrate and an eventual belief in her own divine mission that it was certain to repudiate.
		Delia Bacon knew Shakespeare through reading and teaching, not attending performances, and it was these didactic, library Shakespeares whom she could not reconcile with the historically known playwright.
	www.english.uiuc.edu /-people-/emeritus/baym/essays/delia_bacon.htm (7564 words)

	List of cryptography topics - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Babington Plot -- Baby-step giant-step -- Bacon's cipher -- Banburismus -- Bart Preneel -- BATON-- Bazeries cylinder -- B-Dienst -- BDV DataHider -- Beale ciphers -- Beaufort cipher -- Beaumanor Hall -- Berlekamp-Massey algorithm-- Bernstein v.
		Ian Goldberg -- IBM 4758 -- ICE (cipher) -- ID-based cryptography-- Identification friend or foe -- IEEE 802.11i -- IEEE P1363 -- I.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/list_of_cryptography_topics (357 words)

	Cipher - Cipher: The Newsletter of the IEEE Computer Society Technical
		Amazon.com: The Friar and the Cipher : Roger Bacon and the
		A cipher is an algorithm for performing encryption (and the reverse, Without the appropriate key, the cipher cannot be used to encrypt or decrypt.
		Abstract This document describes the use of the DES Cipher algorithm in Cipher DES is a symmetric block cipher algorithm.
	linksessions.com /q/cipher.htm (249 words)

	Francis Bacon Research Trust - Essay
		Some other Baconian ciphers have also been discovered and are in the process of being researched, such as those which are based on the Cardano Grille, a cipher method invented by Geronimo Cardano (1501-1576) and adapted by Francis Bacon, Caesar ciphers, a logarithmic cipher, and others.
		Its cabalistic cipher is used frequently, Fra Baconi counting to 66 in Simple Cipher and 222 in Kay Cipher, exactly double the values of Bacon in Simple and Kay respectively.
		Francis left a record of this cipher for posterity, to be published eventually by �T.T.� (who is usually assumed to be Archbishop Thomas Tenison) in his Baconiana of 1679 under the title of Abecedarium Naturae (�The Alphabet of Nature�).
	www.fbrt.org.uk /pages/essays/essay-ciphers.html (249 words)

	Bacon, Roger on Encyclopedia.com
		Bacon was learned in Hebrew and in Greek and stressed the value of knowing the original languages in the study of Aristotle and of the Bible.
		BACON, ROGER [Bacon, Roger] c.1214-1294?, English scholastic philosopher and scientist, a Franciscan.
		and attributed to him, would make Bacon the first man to have observed spiral nebulae through a telescope and to have examined cells through a microscope; but considerable doubt has been cast on the original date and the authenticity of the manuscript.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/B/BaconR1og.asp (512 words)

	Anteroom: Shakespeare, Sir Francis Bacon, and Conspiracy Theory
		The Baconian enthusiasts conveyed their theories in huge volumes, 675 pages for Delia Bacon’s The Philosophy of the Plays of Shakspere Unfolded (1857), 1,000 pages for Ignatius Donnelly’s The Great Cryptogram: Francis Bacon’s cipher in the so-called Shakespeare plays (1888), which spawned many imitators (the New York Public Library has 134 books on Baconian cryptography).
		By contrast, Bacon was a highly learned scholar, skilled in several languages, an eminent lawyer, a man of vast intellect – and so a rival idolatry was set up to topple Shakespeare’s.
		The Baconians objected that virtually nothing was known of Shakespeare’s life or education, that he was illiterate, a mere actor, a thief, and a plagiarist (he has come in for a lot of gratuitous abuse).
	www.mitchmajor.com /2005/08/shakespeare-sir-francis-bacon-and.html (503 words)

	CME's Cryptography Timeline
		Sir Francis Bacon described a cipher which now bears his name -- a biliteral cipher, known today as a 5-bit binary encoding.
		He invented a steganographic cipher in which each letter was represented as a word taken from a succession of columns.
		This cipher uses a keyed array of letters to make a digraphic cipher which is easy to use in the field.
	world.std.com /~cme/html/timeline.html (3709 words)

	Shakespeare Authorship
		A classic response to Baconism is Andrew Lang's 1912 book, Shakespeare, Bacon and the Great Unknown.
		Oxfordians try to account for this evidence by claiming that the man from Stratford was actually "William Shaksper" (or "Shakspere"), a man whose name was spelled and pronounced differently from that of the great poet "William Shakespeare," and that nobody at the time would have thought to confuse the two.
		Alan Nelson has put up a great deal of information about the 17th earl of Oxford including transcriptions of his letters and memoranda, an analysis of his spelling habits, and information about his trip to Italy.
	www.shakespeareauthorship.com (3709 words)

	January 2000
		Akelarre uses components of the block ciphers RC5 and IDEA and is conjectured strong with four rounds.
		He was familiar with diplomatic uses of ciphers and presented a novel scheme for encryption; he also read ancient myths as coded messages.
		The cipher has matrix products and permutations as the only operations which may be performed ``efficiently" by primitive operators, when the system parameters are carefully chosen.
	www.dean.usma.edu /math/pubs/cryptologia/abstracts/2000_abstracts.htm (3709 words)

	"Shake-speares Sonnets" Cryptogram.
		Bacon's 21 letter cipher alphabet key was essentially the first Roman alphabet, though it included the letter "G", which was added by the Romans later.
		Ciphers were "used by monks all through the Middle Ages for scribal amusement, and the Renaissance knew from its study of such classic texts as Suetonius that the ancient world had used ciphers for political purposes" (@ Kahn 106).
		Specifically, the text is used in a demonstration of his "Bi-literarie Alphabet" cipher method, a means of enciphering a message and concealing its presence by using two alphabets, the corresponding letters of which differ slightly in appearance.
	www.veling.nl /anne/templars/acrocipher.html (10899 words)

	Francis Bacon Research Trust - Essay
		De Augmentis Scientiarium) and, on the continent, the great cipher compendium Cryptomenitices that gives some of the cipher keys to help unlock the mystery.
		The fact that all the plays were written and performed before Bacon wrote his final, definitive philosophical treatises on the Great Instauration is because he derived and tested out the rules of his philosophy by means of the plays themselves.
		Properly speaking, the Shakespeare works of poesie (drama and poetry) are part of Bacon�s philosophical work, with the Folio of Shakespeare plays forming a record of his example of Part 4 of the Great Instauration.
	www.fbrt.org.uk /pages/essays/essay-dates.html (10899 words)

	Oak Island Treasure
		In fact, a Dr Orville Ward Owen, a follower of Bacon's ciphers followed instructions in a Baconian cipher and discovered a mysterious underground chamber beneath the bed of the River Wye, in the West of Britain.
		Sir Francis Bacon was always accepted as the younger son of Sir Nicholas Bacon however there exist reasonable grounds to suggest that he was actually the secret son of Queen Elizabeth I and the famous explorer, Sir Francis Drake.
		Sir Francis Bacon was familiar with the science of preserving manuscripts in mercury.
	www.oakislandtreasure.co.uk /bacon.htm (511 words)

	DECIPHERING "THE MOSTMYSTERIOUS
		Bacon had been persecuted for his writings and scientific discoveries, and referred in his works to the necessity of hiding his great secrets in cipher.
		These detractors maintained that one could anagram any text into anything one chose, and that this method would not have followed the qualifications of a "good" cipher, in that the first quality of any "good" cipher is that it must convey its message with absolute certainty.
		The letters to be rearranged occurred in pairs next to one another, either indirect or reverse order, and only relatively infrequently did Newbold have to go as far as three or four words ahead in order to fill in the plaintext.
	www.borderlands.com /archives/arch/decipher.htm (511 words)

	"Shake-speares Sonnets" Cryptogram.
		Bacon 's 21 letter cipher alphabet key was essentially the first Roman alphabet, though it included the letter "G", which was added by the Romans later.
		Ciphers were "used by monks all through the Middle Ages for scribal amusement, and the Renaissance knew from its study of such classic texts as Suetonius that the ancient world had used ciphers for political purposes" (@ Kahn 106).
		While Trithemius used 24 letters in his cipher system, he excluded the letters "J" and "V" and placed "W" at the end of his alphabet, after "Z".
	www.veling.nl /anne/templars/acrocipher.html (511 words)

	Strange Science: References and Acknowledgments
		The Friar and the Cipher: Roger Bacon and the Unsolved Mystery of the Most Unusual Manuscript in the World.
		Richards, Robert J. The Romantic Conception of Life: Science and Philosophy in the Age of Goethe.
		Rubenstein, Richard E. Aristotle's Children: How Christians, Muslims, and Jews Rediscovered Ancient Wisdom and Illuminated the Middle Ages.
	www.strangescience.net /stbib2.htm (2841 words)

	Espionage - Cryptologists - Friedman, Elizebeth And William Frederick
		In 1957 they authored The Shakespearean Ciphers Examined, in which they dismissed the claims of those who insisted that Francis Bacon actually wrote the works of William Shakespeare by minutely comparing the literary styles of both writers.
		Friedman visited the British code-breaking operations at the Government Code and Cipher School at Bletchley in 1941.
		Like the German code Enigma, the Japanese code Purple was produced through a twin typewriter system wherein an operator could type in plain language on one typewriter while the other typewriter automatically translated the message into code, the message having been processed through rotors arranging random cryptographic signs.
	www.angelfire.com /oz/1spy/Friedman.html (2841 words)

	Annotated Voynich Manuscript Bibliography
		``Roger Bacon's Formula Yields Copper Salts, Proving Newbold Secret Cipher Translation.'' 2 Dec 1926, p 5, col 4 with follow-up articles 3 Dec, p 22, col 4 and12 Dec, sec XX, p 12, col 6.
		Brumbaugh, R. ``The Solution of the Voynich `Roger Bacon' Cipher.'' Yale Library Gazette 49 (1975): 347-55.
		Brumbaugh, R. ``The Voynich `Roger Bacon' Cipher Manuscript: Deciphered Maps of Stars.'' Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 39 (1976): 139-50.
	www.dcc.unicamp.br /~stolfi/voynich/mirror/reeds/bib.html (2841 words)

	Annotated Voynich Manuscript Bibliography
		Voynich, Wilfrid M. ``A Preliminary Sketch of the History of the Roger Bacon Cipher Manuscript.'' Proceedings of the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Philadelphia, pp.415-30, Philadelphia, 1921.
		Brumbaugh, R. ``The Voynich `Roger Bacon' Cipher Manuscript: Deciphered Maps of Stars.'' Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 39(1976): 139-50.
		Voynich, Wilfrid; Voynich, Ethel, and Nill, A. Notes concerning the history of the cipher manuscript.
	www.ic.unicamp.br /~stolfi/voynich/mirror/reeds/bib.html (3103 words)

	Works Cited: 2nd Cryptographic Shakespeare
		Owen, Orville W., M.D. Sir Francis Bacon's Cipher Story.
		Gentry, R.J.W. "Francis Bacon as an Essayist and Orator." Baconiana No. 156 (1957).
		Crowther, J. Francis Bacon, the First Statesman of Science.
	home.att.net /~tleary/pnotes.htm (286 words)

	"Shake-speares Sonnets" Cryptogram.
		Given what is to follow, it is rather interesting that the example texts chosen by Bacon in the explication of his method of steganographic "bi-literarie" ciphering are associated with Caesar, "cypher'd staff", and delivery of a message by means of a Spear.
		The headpiece is a steganographic pictorial cryptogram which contains (at least) two instances of the name " Bacon " in the form of rebuses.
		The number of occurrences of these "ornaments" may be a steganographic reference to Bacon 's "name/number signature": 33.
	www.veling.nl /anne/templars/acrocipher.html (286 words)

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In the News (Sat 26 Dec 09)