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| | Serious Bacterial Infections in Children with HIV |
 | | The results of these defects are increased susceptibility to infection with encapsulated bacteria beyond age 2 years,(4) increased nasopharyngeal colonization rates for Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae,(5) recurrent infections with the same bacterial species, increased susceptibility to infections with bacteria unusual in immunocompetent hosts, and increased morbidity and mortality. |
 | | In that study, serious bacterial infections occurred most frequently in children <1 year of age (21.5 episodes per 100 person-years), whereas, in children of 1 and 2 years of age, the rates decreased to 14.3 and 11.2 episodes per 100 person-years, respectively. |
 | | Although this chapter provides a general overview of serious bacterial infections, it is important for the practitioner to have a low threshold for consulting experts in the care of immunosuppressed patients and for expanding the differential diagnosis, diagnostic work-up, and therapeutic coverage to include other pathogens likely to cause disease in HIV-infected children. |
| hivinsite.ucsf.edu /InSite?page=kb-05-01-01-01 (7150 words) |
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