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Topic: Bacterial artificial chromosome

	genome.gov \| BAC Resource Network
		Over the past several years, the bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) has emerged as the vector system of choice for the construction of the large-insert, chromosomal DNA libraries that are needed in genomic studies.
		Because BAC clones are relatively large and appear to faithfully represent an organism's genome, the BAC system will also be the vehicle of choice for the isolation of targeted regions of genomic DNA from additional organisms being used in specific biological studies, a variety of mouse strains, and even from individual humans.
		The BAC Resource Network will be overseen by a BAC Resource Steering Panel of 4 to 6 scientists, who will regularly evaluate the program's overall progress and make recommendations to the NHGRI and participating institutes about any adjustments that need to be made to the program.
	www.genome.gov /10001844 (188 words)

	Bacterial artificial chromosome Summary
		Artificial chromosomes are laboratory constructs that contain DNA sequences and that perform the critical functions of natural chromosomes.
		A bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) is a DNA construct, based on a fertility plasmid, used for transforming and cloning in bacteria, usually E.
		BACs are often used to sequence the genetic code of organisms in genome projects, for example the Human Genome Project.
	www.bookrags.com /Bacterial_artificial_chromosome (1807 words)

	Bacterial artificial chromosome: Definition and Links by Encyclopedian.com
		...yeast artificial chromosome -- bacterial artificial chromosome /a molecule.
		A Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (or BAC) is a vector, based on a fertility plasmid, used for cloning in bacteria, usually E.
		BACs are often used in sequencing other organisms, in genome projects[?], for example the Human Genome Project.
	www.encyclopedian.com /ba/Bacterial-artificial-chromosome.html (161 words)

	Bacteria Artificial Chromosomes (BACs)
		Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes (BACs) became the most broadly used resource for several reasons. The large size was a good match for capabilities of high throughput sequencing centers. As contrasted to some earlier resources, chimerism (having gene segments from multiple chromosome sites combined in one clone) is substantially if not completely absent. With some interesting
		exceptions, the BACS are stable in their bacterial hosts. In support of the functional analysis of genes, the BACs are very useful for making transgenic animals with segments of human DNAs. A brief history of BAC development is available in a preface to a 2003 issue of
		FISH mapped BACs with STCs have been added to Radiation Hybrid (RH) maps at Stanford U. RH STS markers and gene-based EST markers served to identify corresponding BACs by teams under Pieter de Jong and Ung-Jin Kim (while formerly at CalTech).
	www.ornl.gov /sci/techresources/meetings/bacpac (473 words)

	Sowing diseases, new and old
		Artificial vectors are made by joining together parts of the most infectious natural vectors in order to enhance horizontal gene transfer.
		For example, horizontal gene transfer and subsequent genetic recombination have given rise to the new bacterial strains responsible for the cholera outbreak in India in 1992, and for the Streptococcus epidemic in Tayside in 1993.
		Many unrelated bacterial pathogens, causing diseases from bubonic plague to tree blight, are now found to share an entire set of genes for invading cells, which have spread widely by horizontal gene transfer.
	www.twnside.org.sg /title/heal-cn.htm (0 words)

	Bacterial Artificial Chromosome Libraries for Genome Analysis
		In addition to their use for gene isolation within a species, BAC libraries from species with small genomes can be used to identify syntenous chromosomal regions in plant species with larger genomes.
		To test the usefulness of the BAC library in intergenomic gene cloning, we have isolated clones from the rice BAC library corresponding to a region of the barley genome containing the disease-resistance gene, Rpg1 (Kilian et al., unpublished).
		Construction of a mouse yeast artificial chromosome library in a recombinant-deficient strain of yeast.
	www.nal.usda.gov /pgdic/Probe/v5n2/chromlib.html (925 words)

	The Science Creative Quarterly » THE BIG BAD BAC: BACTERIAL ARTIFICIAL CHROMOSOMES
		BAC vectors were originally created from part of an unusual plasmid present in some bacteria called the F’ plasmid.
		BAC vectors are able to hold up to 350 kb of DNA and have all of the tools that a vector needs to work properly, like replication origins, antibiotic resistance genes, and convenient places where clone DNA can insert itself.
		BACs have allowed researchers to look at microbial DNA without having to actually grow the organisms, since the DNA is kept within easy-to-grow bacterial cultures.
	www.scq.ubc.ca /?p=266 (1381 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) is a DNA construct, based on a fertility plasmid (or F-plasmid), used for transforming and cloning in bacteria, usually E.
		BACs have been used to some degree of success with mice when studying neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's and aneuploidy with Down's syndrome.
		BACs can also be utilised to detect genes or large sequences of interest and then used to map them onto the human chromosome using BAC arrays.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Bacterial_artificial_chromosome (303 words)

	Diphtheria
		In artificial culture the most important factor controlling yield of the toxin is the concentration of inorganic iron (Fe++ or Fe+++) present in the culture medium.
		The diphtheria toxin is a two component bacterial exotoxin synthesized as a single polypeptide chain containing an A (active) domain and a B (binding) domain.
		Because of the high degree of susceptibility of children, artificial immunization at an early age is universally advocated.
	www.jaybeeprecision.com /diphtheria.html (0 words)

	Plant Methods \| Full text \| Three minimum tile paths from bacterial artificial chromosome libraries of the soybean ...
		MTPs were used to identify chromosomal rearrangements [19] and to determine the timing of DNA replication among chromosomes [20].
		Currently, BAC end derived microsatellite markers are providing excellent tools for placing contigs on the genetic and physical map and testing contigs already placed by satellite to BAC anchoring (Figure 4).
		The chromosome arrays are useful for DNA sequencing by pooled genomic array [33] the analysis of synteny (30,35), to identify chromosomal rearrangements and to look at the timing of replication of chromosomes [20].
	www.plantmethods.com /content/2/1/9 (4929 words)

	BAC manual
		BAC libraries containing large genomic DNA inserts are important tools for positional cloning, physical mapping and genome sequencing.
		Finally, the chloroplast DNA content in the BAC library is estimated by hybridizing three chloroplast genes (ndhA, rbcL and psbA) spaced evenly across the chloroplast genome to the library on high-density hybridization filters.
		BAC library screening by colony hybridization : An autoradiogram image of BAC high-density replica filter hybridized with a cosmid DNA probe (m262).
	www.genome.clemson.edu /groups/bac/protocols/protocols2new.html (6577 words)

	Science Fair Projects - Bacterial artificial chromosome
		A bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) is a DNA construct, based on a fertility plasmid, used for transforming and cloning in bacteria, usually E.
		BACs are often used to sequence the genetic code of organisms in genome projects, for example the Human Genome Project.
		Finally, the sequenced parts are rearranged in silico, resulting in the genomic sequence of the organism.
	www.all-science-fair-projects.com /science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/Bacterial_artificial_chromosome (257 words)

	Progress towards the construction of a Bacterial Artificial Chromosome Library in Barley
		BACs (bacterial artificial chromosomes) are F-based plasmid vectors that harbor large inserts (>200 Kbp) (Shizuya et al., 1992).
		Recently, BAC libraries have been applied for the physical isolation of genes, chromosome walking, and flourescence in-situ hybridization in sorghum (Woo et al., 1994).
		BAC plasmids were isolated with a modification of an alkaline lysis mini-prep (Sambrook et al, 1989).
	greengenes.cit.cornell.edu /bgn/v24p28.html (1408 words)

	Sangdun's BAC manual
		The basic structure of BAC vectors is derived from the bacterial F factor (Figure 1).
		BAC vectors have been engineered for transformation of large DNA inserts into plant genomes.
		Lanes 2-19 are alkaline lysis minipreps of recombinant BAC clones digested with NotI.
	www.cco.caltech.edu /~schoi/BACprotocol.html (6605 words)

	Construction and characterization of a bacterial artificial chromosome library of Arabidopsis thaliana
		BACs are maintained as single copy plasmids in E. coli and exclude other BAC plasmids from replicating in the same host cell.
		BAC DNA was digested with NotI to free the genomic DNA from the 7.4 kb vector.
		Four Sorghum BAC clones ranging in size from 250 to 315 kb were stable for over 100 generations.
	weedsworld.arabidopsis.org.uk /Vol2/choi.html (1107 words)

	BioMed Central \| Full text \| Flip-Flop HSV-BAC: bacterial artificial chromosome based system for rapid generation of ...
		BAC cloning requires insertion of mini F plasmid sequences and antibiotic resistance genes into the viral genome and the length of these BAC backbone sequences is usually greater than 6 kb in total [19].
		To avoid deleterious effects of the BAC sequences, including growth defects and potential transmission between bacteria and man, some herpesvirus BAC clones have been constructed with loxP site-flanked BAC sequences, which can be removed by Cre recombinase [8,20,21].
		Schumacher D, Tischer BK, Fuchs W, Osterrieder N: Reconstitution of Marek's disease virus serotype 1 (MDV-1) from DNA cloned as a bacterial artificial chromosome and characterization of a glycoprotein B-negative MDV-1 mutant.
	www.biomedcentral.com /1472-6750/6/40 (7422 words)

	NIH Guide: CONTINUATION OF NIH BACTERIAL ARTIFICIAL CHROMOSOME (BAC) LIBRARY PRODUCTION PROGRAM – REQUEST FOR ...
		Background: The bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) is a vector system of choice for the construction of the large-insert chromosomal DNA libraries that are needed in genomic studies.
		The BAC cloning system is more stable than other cloning systems and allows the isolation of genomic DNA fragments that are large enough (80 to >200 kilobases [kb]) to be useful for both targeted genomic sequence determination and for a variety of functional studies.
		In 2002, three centers were funded for three years (http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-HG-01-002.html) to produce genomic BAC libraries from multiple organisms and to increase the national capacity for BAC library construction.
	grants.nih.gov /grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-HG-04-003.html (533 words)

	BAC Libraries
		Construction of a bacterial artificial chromosome library for pea (Pisum sativum L.).
		Rajesh PN, Coyne C, Meksem K, Sharma KD, Gupta V, Muehlbauer FJ.Construction of a HindIII Bacterial Artificial Chromosome library and its use in identification of clones associated with disease resistance in chickpea.
		A BAC and BIBAC-based Physical Map of the Soybean Genome.
	www.siu.edu /~pbgc/baclib/bac.html (221 words)

	Resources - Publications
		A porcine BAC library with tenfold genome coverage: a resource for physical and genetic map integration.
		Osoegawa, K., Tateno, M., Woon, P.-Y., Frengen, E. Mammoser A. G., Catanese, J. J., Hayashizaki, Y., and de Jong, P. (2000) Bacterial Artificial Chromosome Libraries for Mouse Sequencing and Functional Analysis.
		Osoegawa, K., Woon, P.Y., Zhao, B., Frengen, E., Tateno, M., Catanese, J.J. and de Jong, P.J. (1998) An improved approach for construction of bacterial artificial chromosome libraries.
	bacpac.chori.org /publications.htm (976 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		BAC (bacterial artificial chromosome) Used for: yeast artificial chromosome See for: YAC Broader Terms: molecular cloning Related Terms: genetic mapping Scope Note
		Overview of the NIH's Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) Resource Network, the system used to construct large-insert, chromosomal DNA libraries.
		Construction of a bacterial artificial chromosome library from the spikemoss Selaginella moellendorffii: a new resource for plant comparative genomics
	www.karenk.co.uk /73813 (245 words)

	ARS Project: A Bacterial Artificial Chromosome Library for the Western Corn Rootworm (410675) (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The objective of this cooperative research project is to create a BAC (Bacterial Artificial Chromosome) library for Western corn rootworm (WCR) (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera), and begin characterizing it in preparation for proposing a WCR genome sequencing project.
		The DNA from the offspring will be used to create a BAC library, a highly technical job that will be contracted out to a commercial enterprise specializing in such work.
		Characterization of the library will be initiated, and will ultimately include more precise estimates of the genome size, BAC-end sequencing, and restriction-mapping of fragments, all in preparation for proposing a WCR genome sequencing project.
	www.ars.usda.gov /research/projects/projects.htm?accn_no=410675 (228 words)

	BACTERIAL ARTIFICIAL CHROMOSOME (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) Definition: A vector used to...
		Three minimum tile paths from bacterial artificial chromosome libraries of the soybean (Glycine max cv.
		bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) A circular piece of DNA that can exist and replicate within bacteria.
	www.sims-2-online.de /65177-bacterialartificialchromosome (151 words)

	ALIFEX.org \| Keynote Speakers
		We divided the chromosome into gene cassettes, each of which is being built from chemically synthesized oligonucleotides.
		He has been involved in genomics since before the advent of modern DNA sequencing.With Marshall Edgell, Clyde Hutchison dissected the genome of phage phiX174 with restriction enzymes in the 1970's, and was a member of the team in Fred Sanger's lab that sequenced the phiX174 genome; the first DNA molecule completely sequenced.
		Her research is on artificial intelligence, machine learning and evolutionary computation, cognitive science, and complex systems.
	www.alifex.org /speakers (0 words)

	Biopharmaceutical glossaries & terminology
		The use of purified chromosomes separated either by flow sorting from human cell lines or in hybrid cell lines allows a single chromosome to be mapped.
		For the human genome, the lowest- resolution physical map is the banding patterns on the 24 different chromosomes; the highest resolution map would be the complete nucleotide sequence of the chromosomes.
		They are crucial in maintaining the chromosomes' stability and are important in the cell cycle and ageing.
	www.genomicglossaries.com /content/printpage.asp?REF=/content/maps_glossary.asp (0 words)

	PG-IV: P11 - Construction of a Bacterial Artificial Chromosome Library in Apple (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Construction of a Bacterial Artificial Chromosome Library in Apple
		A Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) Library is being constructed in order to isolate some important genes using map-based cloning techniques in apple.
		Factors affecting BAC insert size in fruit crops will be discussed.
	www.intl-pag.org /4/abstracts/p11.html (139 words)

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