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Topic: Bacterial lawn

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	Weeds In Lawn (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Lawns are a standard or essential feature of ornamental private and public gardens and landscapes in much of the world today.
		A tree lawn, also called a nature strip in some areas, is a small area, often planted with trees and grass, between a street and the sidewalk of that street.
		Tree lawns and sidewalks are public property; however, upkeep of a tree lawn and sidewalk adjoining private property is the responsibility of the owner of that property.
	www.wwwtln.com /finance/202/weeds-in-lawn.html (1124 words)

	Bacterial Adhesion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Bacterial adhesion and contamination of non-biological surfaces are serious problems in the medical, dental and food science fields.
		Bacterial adhesion begins with the long-range, non-specific, reversible interactions between a bacterium and a substrate.
		In addition to bacterial adhesion, our group is investigating the genetic and metabolic activity of bacteria growing in biofilms which is currently a hot area of research.
	www.che.utexas.edu /georgiou/Research/Bacterial_Adhesion.htm (580 words)

	Culturing Worms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Bacterial strain for feeding worms: OP50, a uracil auxotroph.
		It is best if the bacterial lawn does not touch the side wall, as worms then tend to crawl up the wall and die.
		Goopy, several day old bacterial lawns are the best for this; some keep old plates next to the microscope especially for coating their picks.
	info.med.yale.edu /mbb/koelle/protocols/protocol_culturing_worms.html (1000 words)

	Bacteriophages
		As the virus infects bacterial cells that it has been mixed with, the lytic infection destroys the bacteria.
		The bacteria have been poured into what is called a bacterial lawn on the agar plate.
		As the surrounding cells are infected and killed by the released viruses, a clear spot on the agar---in the bacterial lawn---develops, called a
	www.rlc.dcccd.edu /MATHSCI/reynolds/MICRO/lab_manual/phages.html (410 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		After incubation of the plate at 37oC for 12 hr, a lawn of bacterial growth on the surface of the agar was evident; however, there was a clear zone with a diameter of 15 mm surrounding the sterile disc.
		The selective toxicity of polymyxin B is attributed to the higher level of (A) cardiolipin in bacterial membranes relative to host cell membranes.
		All bacterial fermentations of glucose (A) are as energetically efficient as the catabolism of glucose via aerobic respiration.
	www.usuhs.mil /mic/1994-2.txt (1887 words)

	lecture8
		Because of their simple genetic organization, rapid generation times and the ability to culture and manipulate their live cycles they are used as genetic research tools.
		When a bacterial cell is placed in a test tube or on an agar plate it quickly begins dividing forming a colony.
		They inject their DNA into the bacterial cell and the bacteria incorporate the viral DNA into their genome and the virus then takes over the metabolism of the bacterial cell.
	www-msc.bhsu.edu /~ssarver/lecture8.htm (747 words)

	Prokaryote Genetics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Transduction is the transfer of DNA between bacteria through the influence of bacterial viruses (bacteriophage).
		Here the phage enters the bacterial cell, but instead of making additional phage, the phage DNA and bacterial DNA recombine with each other, and the phage becomes incorporated into the bacterial chromosome.
		Once freed from the bacterial chromosome, it may begin the lytic life style, reproduce, and lyse the bacterial cell.
	mbclserver.rutgers.edu /~sofer/genetics/Week11/Lecture14-1.html (1267 words)

	The serial dilution method of counting bacteria
		When one intends to determine the number of cells in a bacterial culture one way of doing this is by carrying out serial dilution.
		Since bacterial cell numbers are usually very high in your original sample, plating out this sample in an undiluted fashion would just lead to the creation of a bacterial lawn (a smear of many, many individual bacteria colonies that are all growing next to or on top of one another).
		Bacterial cell numbers need to be reduced, which is done by repeatedly diluting the amount of bacteria you have in your sample.
	www.waksmanfoundation.org /labs/rochester/dilution.htm (895 words)

	test
		The soil microorganisms are extracted, cultured, and tested for susceptibility to pre-existing antibiotics as well as for the presence of previously undiscovered antibiotics (produced by the bacteria).
		Once the bacterial species are isolated from the soil samples they are subjected to the Kirby-Bauer Method (disc diffusion) or other methods.
		After a bacterial lawn of a particular bacterial species is produced on a plate of Mueller-Hinton agar (MHA), a small disc impregnated with one of the antibiotics to be tested is placed onto the lawn.
	www.arches.uga.edu /~justging/indextests.html (974 words)

	Phage Titering
		When an individual bacterial virus grows in a bacterial host suspended in a top agar lawn, its progeny infect and lyse the surrounding host cells.
		This causes the appearance of a "hole" or plaque in the otherwise homogeneous bacterial lawn.
		Since each plaque represents a single virus, the number of viruses in the aliquot added to the plate is equal to the number of plaques which appear.
	biology.clc.uc.edu /Fankhauser/Labs/Microbiology/Phage/Phage_Titer.htm (327 words)

	Page of Mutant Hunting
		As mentioned above, when Dicty cells are grown on lawns of bacteria, the rate at which a colony expands into and eats the bacteria is dependent on the degree of functioning of their myosin motors.
		In a population of millions of cells, such as we have in each cleared circle on the bacterial lawn, many cells will receive damage to their myosin gene (other genes will be damaged as well, but we don't care about those).
		Since this cell and all its progeny expand into the bacterial lawn more rapidly than its neighbors, the smoothly expanding circle develops a "blister", "bubble", or "petal", depending on who is describing it.
	research.biology.arizona.edu /myosin/MuteHunt.html (1764 words)

	[No title]
		Using an inoculating loop, bacterial culture or yoghurt, nutrient plate and flame, students conduct dilution streaking on the agar surface to obtain single, wel l-separated colonies.
		Procedure: Bacterial lawn Using an inoculating loop, bacterial culture, flame, nutrient plate and spreader, students spread a drop of bacteria all over the agar surface.
		Procedure: Gram Stain of various bacterial species This 100 year-old method is still essential as a first-line medical test for bacterial identification for diagnosis and treatment.
	www.nal.usda.gov /bic/Education_res/statefed.programs/tjeffers.edu (2189 words)

	ATCC: Phage testing assay for I.M.A.G.E. clones
		This assay uses a lawn of phage-susceptible E.coli embedded in a layer of agarose.
		If phage is present in a clone streaked onto the top agarose lawn, the lawn will be lysed on incubation.
		Lawn plates should never be opened after incubation if lysis is observed in order to prevent the spread of the phage throughout the laboratory.
	www.atcc.org /Products/image.cfm (361 words)

	A Caenorhabditis elegans JNK signal transduction pathway regulates coordinated movement via type-D GABAergic motor ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		For the assay of movement, single animals were spotted in the center of NGM plates seeded with E.coli and left for 10 min.
		The tracks on a bacterial lawn were traced by fl pen.
		Ten individual animals were assayed for movement and the numbers of animals showing normal movement are shown in the lower panel.
	www.nature.com /emboj/journal/v18/n13/fig_tab/7591778f9.html (199 words)

	Culture and Sensitivity Testing
		DETERMINE THE BACTERIAL POPULATIONS SENSITIVITY TO A RANGE OF This can be done by placing small disks of filter paper or agar impregnated with various types of antibiotics onto the bacterial lawn.
		This means that there are some members of the bacterial population that are sensitive to this particular antibiotic, but others that are genetically immune to its effects.
		If an antibiotic to which the bacteria show "intermediate" sensitivity is used, it is likely that the sensitive members of the bacterial population will be killed, and the resistant ones will survive, resulting in the selection of a population resistant to that particular antibiotic.
	www.bio.miami.edu /hare/culture.html (1209 words)

	Molecular determinants of bacterial adhesion monitored by atomic force microscopy -- Razatos et al. 95 (19): 11059 -- ...
		Bacterial adhesion and the subsequent formation of biofilm are major concerns in biotechnology and medicine.
		Bacterial adhesion onto inanimate surfaces is a critical issue in processes ranging from the biofouling of industrial equipment
		and diiodomethane as a nonpolar fluid (7) on a lawn of E.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/95/19/11059 (4310 words)

	CHAPTER #9: MICROBIAL EXCHANGE OF GENETIC MATERIAL
		The number of bacteriophage in a liquid can be easily counted by diluting the phage cultures through a series, mixing a standard amount of each dilution with a suspension of phage host and spreading the mixture on a plate of media.
		As the phage grow and lyse (burst) the host, holes, or plaques, are formed in the bacterial lawn.
		The ability of phage to carry bacterial DNA between bacteria was discovered in 1952.
	www.slic2.wsu.edu:82 /hurlbert/micro101/pages/Chap9.html (3173 words)

	Outer Ear Infection Bacterial (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Intralobular negative outer ear infection bacterial correlation bundle the steep swan orchid with lumpish agammaglobulinemia.
		Marsupial debarkation outer ear infection bacterial miscarry the chatty Lichenes with impish curtain.
		overwrite the epithelial enrollee with brutal outer ear infection bacterial pediculosis corporis.
	www.gcmwest.com /bacterial-infection/outer-ear-infection-bacterial.html (1417 words)

	Bacterial growth curves (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The study of cell division originally came from studies of the growth cycles of bacteria.
		A single liquid culture, inoculated from a single colony, will contain so many bacteria that plating any amount will result in a thick lawn of bacteria that is not countable.
		The standard time for E. coli cultures is 30 minutes, but I want you to use your data to do these calculations.
	department.txwes.edu /bio/cchandra/2123lab3.htm (1119 words)

	Bacterial and phage strains (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Dried bacterial stock was resuspended in two tubes with 5ml of TSB broth in each.
		A few drops of each dilution were spotted on the surface of the prepared plates so that each phage dilution was tested twice.
		After overnight incubation the single viral plaques were clearly visible on the confluent lawn of bacterial host.
	webpages.marshall.edu /~barhoumi1/bacterial_and_phage_strains.htm (621 words)

	Marine Microbiology Group - Educational Outreach
		This method is used for bacterial viruses and is an effective method for doing such counts.
		This is done by diluting the viral stock, mixing it with the bacterial culture in molten (warm) agar (top agar), and pouring onto a sterile agar (bottom agar) plate.
		When an infected virus is present it will kill the host and the surrounding area of the host cell population, forming a "plaque." A plaque is a clearing formed by the virus on the bacterial "lawn".
	www.marine.usf.edu /microbiology/plaque-assay.shtml (1785 words)

	Microbiology Primer: Direct sensitivity
		The advantage of this method is that it gives antibiotic suseptibility/resistance information a day or more earlier than would otherwise be possible.
		The brownish tint of the blood agar plate outside the zones of bacterial inhibition is caused by alpha-hemolysis.
		The greenish tint of the lawn and plate in general is caused by the diffusible pigment made by the Pseudomonas aeruginosa itself.
	www.aecom.yu.edu /home/id/id/micro/micro/directsensi.htm (420 words)

	How the Cholera Bacterium Got Its Virulence
		It appears that the cholera pathogen responsible for the Indian epidemic (Vibrio cholera 01) picked up one of its most lethal patches of DNA--the gene coding for the cholera toxin--from a virus, CTX phage.
		One reason the wily virus has eluded scientists' grasp for so long is that it belongs to a relatively rare class of viruses, the filamentous phages.
		Unlike other bacterial viruses, filamentous viruses do not kill the host cell, though they may slow its growth, so there is no visual thinning of a bacterial lawn to mark an infection.
	www.hms.harvard.edu /news/releases/696cholera.html (762 words)

	The T-Phage Page
		You can see how these phages can decimate a bacterial population in a short period of time.
		Amusingly, a microbiology class from my alma mater includes in its lecture notes a poem describing the stages of lytic growth.
		What stops the bacterial lawn from its growth.
	www.zeuscat.com /andrew/personal/info/tphage (684 words)

	Name ___________________________
		2. Identify and describe the function of the bacterial structures labeled with letters A-G in the cartoon below.
		b. Give an example of a bacterial exotoxin and its specific effect on the host.
		8. Most abscesses caused by bacterial infectious respond to antibiotic therapy.
	ag.udel.edu /anfs/faculty/gelb/ansc332/Exam1.html (408 words)

	Pseudomonas aeruginosa Virulence Analyzed in a Dictyostelium discoideum Host System -- Cosson et al. 184 (11): 3027 -- ...
		The bacterial lawn was then spotted with eight 5-µl droplets
		Dictyostelium cells were applied as droplets onto a lawn of pure P.
		After 5 days at 25°C, the ability of Dictyostelium cells to create plaques in the bacterial lawn was recorded.
	jb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/184/11/3027 (4270 words)

	Bacteriophage Index
		P021 - basic supplies and equipment E-broth prob OK reuse plastic plates.
		Paper strip streak test for viable phages on a bacterial lawn.
		B022 - Make E-Broth from ground beef on the kitchen stove - a meat broth medium.
	www.disknet.com /indiana_biolab/p.htm (898 words)

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