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	Bacteriocin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Bacteriocins are proteinaceous toxins produced by bacteria to inhibit the growth of similar bacterial strain(s).
		Bacteriocins are classified according to their extent of posttranslational modification.
		Bacteriocins are of interest in medicine because they are made by non-pathogenic bacteria that normally colonize the human body.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bacteriocin (952 words)

	Bacteriocin -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The bacteriocins of (A clear odorless hygroscopic syrupy carboxylic acid found in sour milk and in many fruits) lactic acid-fermenting bacteria are well studied because of the commercial use of these bacteria in the food industry for making dairy products such as cheese.
		Bacteriocins are classified according to their extent of (Click link for more info and facts about posttranslational modification) posttranslational modification.
		Bacteriocins are of interest in medicine because they are made by non- (Click link for more info and facts about pathogenic) pathogenic bacteria that normally colonize the human body.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/b/ba/bacteriocin.htm (393 words)

	Bioline International Official Site (site up-dated regularly)
		Bacteriocins are proteinaceous antibacterial compounds and exhibit bactericidal activity against species closely related to the producer strain (De Vugst and Vandamme, 1994) many bacteriocins are active against food-borne pathogens especially against Listeria monocytogenes (Vignolo et al., 1996; De Martins and Franco, 1998; Bredholt et al., 1999).
		The purified bacteriocin samples (Fraction 2) were characterized with respect to thermal and pH stability, susceptibility to denaturation by enzymes, stability during storage, extraction with organic solvent, treatment with dissociating agents and mitomycin C and uv light induction.
		Bacteriocins produced by the test isolates remained fully stable after storage for 60 days at -20°C, but declined or became non-detectable after storage for 80 to 120 days at 37°C, indicating that cold temperature may be the most appropriate preservation technique.
	www.bioline.org.br /request?jb03045 (3758 words)

	Encyclopedia: Bacteriocin
		Binomial name Escherichia coli T. Escherich, 1885 Escherichia coli (usually abbreviated to E. coli) is one of the main species of bacteria that live in the lower intestines of warm-blooded animals (including birds and mammals) and are necessary for the proper digestion of food.
		Microcins are very small bacteriocins, composed of a relatively few peptides.
		A toxin, in a scientific context, is a biologically produced substance that causes injury to the health of a living thing on contact or absorption, typically by interacting with biological macromolecules such as enzymes and receptors.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Bacteriocin (1792 words)

	IWT - STWW
		Bacteriocins are natural compounds with an antibacterial activity that enhance the competitivity of the starter culture and can even inhibit the outgrowth of several food spoilage and/or foodborne pathogenic bacteria.
		Bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria are potent antibacterial agents that enable the producer cells to selectively and efficiently inhibit a part of the competing background flora, including several spoilage bacteria and foodborne pathogens.
		Moreover, the highest bacteriocin activity occured during maltose consumption at a low constant temperature of 28° C and a constant pH of 5.4.
	imol.vub.ac.be /imdo/projects/IWT-STWW.html (3560 words)

	Cloning and Sequencing of the Gene Encoding Curvaticin FS47, an Anti-Listerial Bacteriocin Produced by Lactobacillus ...
		Bacteriocins are ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides produced by a number of different bacteria.
		A wider use of bacteriocins as antimicrobial agents in milk and diary foods is hindered by the low activity of many bacteriocins in food.
		Class IV bacteriocins are complex compounds in which chemical moieties such as carbohydrates and lipids are required for activity.
	www.ansi.okstate.edu /research/2004rr/25/25.htm (1350 words)

	Biochemical and Genetic Characterization of Propionicin T1, a New Bacteriocin from Propionibacterium thoenii -- Faye et ...
		Bacteriocin activity was determined from cell-free culture supernatants using a microtiter plate assay.
		structural gene of the bacteriocin and the gene encoding the immunity
		Both producers of propionicin T1 were sensitive to their own bacteriocin in the overlay assay (Table 1).
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/66/10/4230 (3484 words)

	Microbial Cell Factories \| Full text \| Purification and partial characterization of bacillocin 490, a novel bacteriocin ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Bacteriocins are ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides produced by a number of different bacteria [1], whose activity is generally directed towards species that are closely related or share the same ecological niche [2,3].
		Bacteriocins produced by Gram-positive bacteria have attracted much attention because of their potential use as food preservatives [4].
		During growth the peak of bacteriocin production occurred in the late logaritmic phase and optimal production was obtained with resting cells at 55°C. Bacteriocin production was increased by 58% and 56% in the presence of 1% (w/v) skimmed milk and gelatin, respectively.
	www.microbialcellfactories.com /content/1/1/1 (2528 words)

	Bacteriocins (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Bacteriocins are agents which are encoded in the genetic material carried by plasmids, with the purpose of killing or inhibiting closely related species or even different strains of the same species.
		The outcome from the series of these opposing events are governed by the immunity protein, encoded by the imm gene, which allow the cell to be resistance to the bacteriocin it is producing, this ensures the cells survival in the circumstance of the bacteriocin being manufactured by the cell itself, or surrounding bacteria.
		Bacteriocins are named after the species it is produced in and as a consistency, the plasmid is named after the specific bacteriocin it encodes.
	www.biochem.ucl.ac.uk /bsm/PLASMID/Bacteriocins.htm (244 words)

	DBacteriocins in soil microorganisms [SoBS - UoB]
		Rhizobia are motile, aerobic, Gram-negative rods that occur abundantly in the soil.
		Though there is some confusion as to the definition of the term bacteriocin, that proposed by Tagg et al.
		also propose that a bacteriocin should be coded by plasmid borne genetic determinants, adhere to specific cell receptors, and be produced by lethal biosynthesis.
	www.bio.bris.ac.uk /research/microbe/bob.htm (596 words)

	Cloning and Characterization of a Rhizobium leguminosarum Gene Encoding a Bacteriocin with Similarities to RTX Toxins ...
		To visualize bacteriocin protein, the method utilized by Hirsch (19) was modified.
		Isolation and characterization of a bacteriophage tail-like bacteriocin from a strain of Rhizobium.
		Bacteriocin small of fast growing rhizobia is chloroform soluble and is not required for effective nodulation.
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/65/7/2833 (5221 words)

	DYNAMICS OF PEDIOCIN BIOSYNTHESIS IN BATCH FERMENTATION ON WHEY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Pediococcus acidilactici NRRL B-5627 to produce bacteriocin on whey was investigated in batch fermentation.
		Bacteriocins are bacterially produced peptide antibiotics with the ability to kill a broad or a wide range of bacteria, usually but not always those that are closely related to the producer bacterium.
		In general, bacteriocins production display primary metabolite kinetics, that is, the rate of production of bacteriocin paralleled with the growth rate.
	ejeafche.uvigo.es /1(2)2002/002122002F.htm (1834 words)

	Different bacteriocin activities of Streptococcus mutans reflect distinct phylogenetic lineages -- BALAKRISHNAN et al. ...
		Bacteriocins produced by mutans streptococci are known as mutacins.
		Kelstrup and Funder-Nielsen [16] divided the bacteriocins of
		Similarity of bacteriocin activity profiles of mutans streptococci within the family when the children acquire the strains after the age of 5.
	jmm.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/full/51/11/941 (3830 words)

	Food Technol. Biotechnol. 38 (2000) 113-119 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The effect of bacteriocin of the strain K7 against C.
		Bacteriocin was produced at highest values during the exponential phase of growth.
		Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of bacteriocin of the strain K7 for C.
	jagor.srce.hr /ftbrfd/38-113.html (249 words)

	Bacteriocin Production in Vancomycin-Resistant and Vancomycin-Susceptible Enterococcus Isolates of Different Origins -- ...
		Bacteriocins are peptides or proteins produced by different bacteria that inhibit the growth of strains and species usually
		Bacteriocin production has been shown to confer an ecological advantage on the producer strain (48).
		Biochemical and genetic characterization of enterocin A from Enterococcus faecium, a new antilisterial bacteriocin in the pediocin family of bacteriocins.
	aac.asm.org /cgi/content/full/45/3/905 (3577 words)

	Identification and Cloning of an Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora Bacteriocin Regulator Gene by Insertional ...
		bacteriocin genes of strain CGE234M403, a spontaneous rifampin-resistant
		The bacteriocin activity of the test isolates was examined.
		Bacteriocin activity of Tn5 insertion mutants of E.
	jb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/181/6/1953 (2755 words)

	87-11 Bacteriocin production using supplemented whey permeate and antagonistic studies in liquid medium and in a salad ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Bacteriocins are natural antimicrobial agents which may be used as additional barriers to prevent growth of foodborne pathogens, especially those psychrotrophic like Listeria monocytogenes.
		Lactococcus lactis UQ2 was inoculated to the SWP, an incubated in an orbital shaker at 30°C, pH 6.5, 150 rpm.
		The bacteriocin produced in the SWP may be used as an additional barrier in the safety of minimally processed foods.
	ift.confex.com /ift/2002/techprogram/paper_14354.htm (368 words)

	Genetic Analysis of a Unique Bacteriocin, Smb, Produced by Streptococcus mutans GS5 -- Yonezawa and Kuramitsu 49 (2): ...
		Bacteriocins are a family of ribosomally synthesized peptide
		Evidence for a chromosome-borne resistance transposon (Tn916) in Streptococcus faecalis that is capable of "conjugal" transfer in the absence of a conjugative plasmid.
		A family of bacteriocin ABC transporters carry out proteolytic processing of their substrates concomitant with export.
	aac.asm.org /cgi/content/full/49/2/541?.../cgi/search&journalcode= (4487 words)

	Characterization and production of amylovorin L471, a bacteriocin purified from Lactobacillus amylovorus DCE 471 by a ...
		Bacteriocin purification to homogeneity and characterization of the purified peptide.
		Inhibition of adsorption of the bacteriocin molecules to the
		Joerger, M. and Klaenhammer, T. Characterization and purification of helveticin J and evidence for a chromosomally determined bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus helveticus 481.
	mic.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/full/145/9/2559 (4702 words)

	Bioline International Official Site (site up-dated regularly)
		Many of the bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria are proved to inhibit or eliminate the growth of food borne pathogens such as Listeria monocytogenes, Clostridium perfringens, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus [3, 5, 10, 12].
		It could be supposed that the alginate beads had a protective role separating the bacteriocin in the medium from the proteolytic enzymes in the beads.
		Moreover, the quantity of the synthesized bacteriocin was the same during this tree cycles of fermentations.
	www.bioline.org.br /request?cc02008 (1824 words)

	Factors Affecting on Bacteriocin Production of Prevotella nigrescens ATCC 25261 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		This is especially important from an applied point of view if a bacteriocin is to be produced on a large scale.
		Bacteriocin activity was determined by the microtiter plate assays using Porphyromonas gingivalis A244 (clinical isolate) as an indicator, and expressed in bacteriocin units per milliliter (BU ml-1).
		The ratio between the producer and the sensitive strain, and the inoculum size were found to be crucial for amounts of bacteriocin produced.
	iadr.confex.com /iadr/2004Hawaii/techprogram/abstract_41098.htm (367 words)

	Microcin E492, a channel-forming bacteriocin from Klebsiella pneumoniae, induces apoptosis in some human cell lines -- ...
		Bacteriocins are antimicrobial proteins produced by bacteria that are active against closely related species.
		this bacteriocin as a ligand for an eukaryotic receptor was found.
		Microcin E492 is a bacteriocin that has the capacity to induce apoptosis in human cell lines.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/99/5/2696 (4287 words)

	ARS \| Publication request: Factors Affecting the Bacteriocin Production of the Ruminal Bacterium, Streptococcus Bovis ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Research on bacteriocins has the potential to decrease the need for antibiotic in animal feed and lessen the risk of antibiotic resistance in human medicine.
		Batch cultures of S. bovis HC5 did not produce bacteriocin until glucose was depleted and cells entered stationary phase, but slow dilution rate continuous cultures had as much bacteriocin activity as stationary phase cultures.
		Continuous cultures that had only ammonia as a nitrogen source produced some bacteriocin, but Trypticase addition caused a 1.5-fold in cell protein and 2.0 fold decline in the amount of HC5 protein that was to prevent S. bovis JB1 growth.
	ars.usda.gov /research/publications/publications.htm?SEQ_NO_115=122758 (451 words)

	The bacteriocin piscicolin 126 retains antilisterial activity in vivo -- Ingham et al. 51 (6): 1365 -- Journal of ...
		The bacteriocin piscicolin 126 retains antilisterial activity in vivo -- Ingham et al.
		The most widely studied group of bacteriocins are the lantibiotics.
		bacteriocin in a manner to optimize uptake for activity.
	jac.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/51/6/1365 (2964 words)

	Listeria monocytogenes + bacteriocin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Bacteriocins are bacterially produced peptide antibiotics with the ability to kill a limited range of bacteria, usually - but not always - those that are closely related to the producer bacterium.
		Effects of bacteriocins were studied using various producing microorganisms as well as many target microorganisms.
		A report on the effect of bacteriocin and lactoperoxidase system in pasteurized milk production has been published in Thailand.
	anka.livstek.lth.se:2080 /list-cin.htm (176 words)

	Novel Mechanism of Bacteriocin Secretion and Immunity Carried Out by Lactococcal Multidrug Resistance Proteins -- Gajic ...
		for the cleavage of precursor peptide to yield the active bacteriocin.
		All bacteriocin producers are insensitive to the bacteriocin(s)
		operon as the bacteriocin structural gene(s) (2, 12).
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/278/36/34291 (4655 words)

	Plant Lectin-Like Bacteriocin from a Rhizosphere-Colonizing Pseudomonas Isolate -- Parret et al. 185 (3): 897 -- The ...
		Plant Lectin-Like Bacteriocin from a Rhizosphere-Colonizing Pseudomonas Isolate -- Parret et al.
		bacteriocin is different from the modes of action of previously
		Chen, J., Stevenson, D. M., Weimer, P. Albusin B, a Bacteriocin from the Ruminal Bacterium Ruminococcus albus 7 That Inhibits Growth of Ruminococcus flavefaciens.
	jb.asm.org /cgi/content/abstract/185/3/897 (342 words)

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