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	Badagas - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Badagas are an indigenous people inhabiting the Nilgiri Hills of Tamil Nadu, southern India.
		For example, the Badagas have traditionally hired musicians from other Nilgiri groups (such as the Kota and Irula) to play at their social functions, which is symbolic of submission and control in that region
		Their language is Badaga, a dialect of Kannada.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Badagas (324 words)

	badagas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The situation of the Badagas is interesting in that on the one hand, they are fighting for tribal status in order to gain government benefits and cultural respect, by asserting their tribal identity through cultural symbols such as music, poetry, dance, food, and dress.
		The Badagas and the Todas are highest on the social stratum; the Kurumbas are known for fl-magic and witchcraft and are feared by all; the Irulas are forest-dwellers and live at a lower elevation than the others; the Kotas are artisans and traditionally provided music at the ceremonies of Badagas and Todas.
		Badaga epic and ritual songs are primarily vocal, although a flute called the bugiri often accompanies the melody in heterophony.
	www.bol.ucla.edu /~cmartinl/badagas.html (1287 words)

	Tribes in Tamil Nadu
		The Badagas are said to have migrated from Mysore 400 years ago and make up about one-fourth of the total population of the Nilgiris district of Tamil Nadu.
		Most of the Badaga villages scattered over the plateau present a pleasing appearance with their neat rows of tiled, one-storied houses, surrounded by tiny fields, the houses, themselves, are built of mud, stone, or brick, and are covered with tiles.
		The Badaga language is a mixture of Kannada and Tamil.
	www.indiantravelportal.com /tamil-nadu/tribes/badagas.html (669 words)

	Badaga page - Article
		The Badagas themselves as well as the researchers believe the migration of the Badagas to the Nilgiri hills happened over several centuries starting mainly with the fall of the Vijayanagaram empire in 1565 at the hands of the Moslems to Tippu Sultan's conquest of Mysore in the late 18th century.
		Badagas are the original sons of the Nilgiris soil and their customs and traditions are unique, they claimed.
		In fact, not many of the Badagas are aware that but for the good-intentioned objections of some of the leading members of their own community, Badagas would have been included in the Scheduled Tribes list the first time itself when the scheduled was prepared in the fifties.
	www.geocities.com /TheTropics/Cabana/3841/badaga.html (2965 words)

	[No title]
		Badagas had brought a better agricultural technology to the Hills and stamped themselves as agents of change in life of other human societies on Nilgiri Hills.
		Since Todas had no knowledge of agricultural technology and since Badagas were very much associated with it, that served them a better survival livelihood strategy in tilling the lands of Todas by way growing several millets and sharing the same with “gudu”, a kind of barter system.
		The Badagas are now said to be the most successful community in elevating themselves to higher standards of life and livelihood strategies.
	www.sasnet.lu.se /tribalbalaji.doc (3747 words)

	Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Badaga community is the largest of the indigenous communities of the Nilgiri Hills, their population estimated at around 150,000 today, spread out among around 370 hamlets and villages called Hatti.
		By situating Badaga culture within contemporary Indian society, and by addressing the complexity of small-scale communities through acknowledging the agency of the individual in experiencing, defining, and interpreting cultural symbols, I will explore the symbolic and political importance song plays within these communities.
		Through this dialectic of text and practice, I hope to illustrate how Badaga culture, and indigenous culture at large, is a complex ensemble of interrelated phenomena that cannot be separated or reduced.
	www.bol.ucla.edu /~cmartinl/research.html (632 words)

	South India - People groups (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The villages of Badagas are the major tribe in Nilgiris.
		Badagas are cultivaters by occupation and are hard working.
		The name Badaga means “People of the Work” they believed to have fled from Karnataka as refugees because of oppression centuries ago.
	www.febaindia.com /s_pgroup.htm (108 words)

	womens' writing.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Badagas are one of the important indigenous peoples, and the largest single community in the Nilgiri Hills which nestle at a point where the rugged beauty of the Eastern Ghats merge with the wooded verdancy of the Western Ghats, in Tamilnadu.
		The distinctive dress of the Badaga women is said to be the disguise adopted by them in flight, and the tatt-ooing on their fore-heads and fore-arms, a measure taken to make them unattractive.
		It is said that the vegetarian brother is the ‘Hethappa’, or ancestor of the Kundah Division of the Badagas, while the non-vegetarian brother, the founder of the Mekunad Division of the Badagas.
	www.womenswriting.com /writerdetails.asp?writerid=109 (3123 words)

	: : Chennaibadagas.com : : (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Badagas, the pride of the Nilgiris are the finest most loveable individuals.
		The situation vacant columns mostly appear only in the city editions which denies the chances for a better qualified Badaga graduate who is stationed at Nilgiris.
		ChennaiBadagas.com, a job oriented website formed by a young Badaga team who had successfully surpassed all the hurdles and wanting to guide fellow brethren for the better socio-economic status.
	www.chennaibadagas.com /chabout.asp (269 words)

	Newswise
		Most significant for Hockings, Badaga women perceived an increase in the expense of caring for children and brought their fertility rates down to levels comparable with those of Japan and other industrialized nations.
		The Badaga people are somewhat unusual in that they adopted a tribal social model several hundred years ago, although they formerly belonged to a caste group on the Mysore Plain.
		As the Badaga study winds down, Hockings is devoting more time to his other research projects, which include agricultural peoples' adaptation to mountainous environments in China and elsewhere.
	www.newswise.com /articles/view?id=BADAGA.UIC (865 words)

	ooty.org
		The hill tribes include the Todas, the Badagas, the Kotas, the Kurumbas and the Irulas (q.v.).
		The name applied to this ritually complementary group of the Badagas and Todas has come to be erroneously applied during the past two centuries to various other jungle tribes also.
		The Irulas in the eastern slopes are legendarily associated with the Ranagsamy cult, a virile religious and cultural event centred on the northern slopes of the hills, used to be expert honey-collectors and hunters.
	www.ooty.org /geninfo.html (2183 words)

	History
		The Nilgris range which is the junction of the Eastern and Western Ghats, was christened Neelagiri by its inhabitants 850 years ago, because of the blue haze of the clouds enveloping its slopes.
		The Badagas, who speak a mixture of Kannada and Tamil, are said to have migrated from Mysore 400 years ago.
		The present population of Ooty is 78,277 and comprises of Todas, Badagas, Tamils, Keralites and Mysoreans.
	www.ootacamund.com /History.htm (1426 words)

	Nine synopses: Murukan Conference II
		Badagas speak Badagu, since there is no script for the language they write in Tamil only.
		The Badagas have a separate type of poetic form singing the glory of Lord Muruga.
		Badagas have a seperate and peculiar and beautiful steps in dancing for the devotional songs.
	murugan.org /events/2001_synopses/new_synopses.htm (3139 words)

	Coonoor Television Network (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Yellanhalli owes its name to the badaga form ellenaayi, which when intrepreted means boundary near the neck of the landscape., so called because it is situated in the junction of three badaga regions, i.e., todanaad,mekunaad and porangaad.
		Speaking a dialect of Kannada, the badagas with their unique rituals and traditions, the ethical system of badagas was passed across generations, orally.
		There are several legends associated with the kurunji, with the badagas, kurumbas and the todas using the flowering period to measure units of time or physical age to be precise.
	www.newctn.com /nilgiris.htm (3742 words)

	SAGE Publications - Kindreds of the Earth (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The most important conclusion that Paul Hockings reaches is that the Badagas, more specifically their womenfolk, have managed to cap any population explosion that was previously underway.
		Among his other findings are that Badaga modernization has occurred without significant industrialization; fertility has declined significantly during one generation, which is largely the consequence of changing attributes toward children's inherent worth; and that the easy availability of education has assisted the emergence of modernizing tendencies.
		As a manifestation of this, the Badagas are moving away from subsistence farming to tea plantations, from ascribed status to educated professions, and from self-sufficiency to urbanized "middle-class" tastes and attitudes.
	www.sagepub.com /book.aspx?pid=7533 (286 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Villages are each inhabited only by Badagas of specific clans, often numbering about several hundred people each.
		Initially, the Badagas subsisted by using slash and burn farming techniques.
		--Generally, the Badagas, farm millets, barley, wheat, potatoes, and cabbages (the latter two produced mainly for extra income).
	www.geocities.com /gcalla1/badaga.htm (292 words)

	Nilgiris Constituency - Survey 31 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Badagas constitute 40 per cent of the electorate.
		As far as BJP candidate Mathan is concerned, he belongs to the dominant Badaga community in the constituency and may get a majority of these Badaga votes.
		Prabhu’s proximity and personal influence among the electorate and Master Mathan’s grip among the Badagas, the majority community, have resulted in a tough electoral battle between the BJP and Congress.
	www.chennaionline.com /election04/nilgiri.asp (654 words)

	Historic Resolution Passed By The Mobeds of Poona
		In the sixteenth century, the Badagas (the word means northerner) fled from the Empire of Vijaynagar and came to the Nilgiri Massif as refugees.
		Thus only people of their community have Badagu as their mother-tongue; only Badaga men and women wear the distinctive dress and carry a characteristic mark on their forehead; only Badagas live in their recognized villages which bear distinctively Badaga place-names; and only Badagas can marry Badaga women.
		Badagas have long maintained a fairly accurate interest in their past and in teaching the young about it.
	tenets.zoroastrianism.com /historic33.html (1300 words)

	A Primeval Race, by Alfred Russel Wallace
		There are other tribes on these hills, especially the Badagas, who are agriculturalists; but the Tudas claim to be lords of the soil, and must, therefore, have been the first occupiers.
		Living in small settlements called mands, consisting of a few huts shaped like the tilt of a waggon and a dairy, they are occupied exclusively in the care of their splendid buffaloes, and exact a tribute of grain from the Badagas for the use of their land.
		The Tudas must have been completely isolated on these hills for centuries; but long as they have been lords of the Nilgiris, there was an older and a more civilized race there before them, from which they are certainly not descended.
	www.wku.edu /~charles.smith/wallace/S234.htm (1435 words)

	Sunday Headlines
		The Todas bred buffaloes that supplied the milk, the Kotas were potters, ironsmiths and carpenters, Kurumbas were the magico-religious sorcerers, Irulas were herbal doctors and the Paniyas were slaves and bonded labourers.
		The Badagas were related to the Lingayats of Karnataka and brought the science of agriculture to the hills.
		With the exception of the Badagas who are educated and prosperous, the rest have been dispossessed of their land, while conversion to Christianity has resulted in many of the tribals giving up their ancient customs.
	www.newindpress.com /sunday/colItems.asp?ID=SEC20020525083318 (1424 words)

	Badagas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Kindreds of the Earth : Badaga Household Structure and Demography
		Counsel from the Ancients: A Study of Badaga Proverbs Prayers Omens and Curses (Trends in Linguistics Documentation, 4)
		Mortuary Ritual of the Badagas of Southern India (Field Museum of Natural History Publication 1512)
	www.freeglossary.com /Badagas (268 words)

	The Hindu : It's a fight between two Badagas in Ooty
		Though the Congress is not as strong as it is used to be in the constituency, the party is depending on its candidate's image and his well-known track record.
		Raju, an advocate by profession and is hailing from the predominant Badaga community of the Nilgiris, has endeared himself to all sections of the society.
		Alive to the grievances of small tea growers who have been hit by the crisis in the tea industry, he and his supporters have been making efforts to gain their confidence.
	www.hindu.com /2001/04/21/stories/04212239.htm (346 words)

	Badagas: Definition and Links by Encyclopedian.com - All about Badagas
		Badagas: Definition and Links by Encyclopedian.com - All about Badagas
		The Badagas are a tribe inhabiting the Nilgiri Hills in southern India, by some authorities declared not to be an aboriginal or jungle race.
		Their language is Badaga[?], a dialect of Kanarese[?].
	www.encyclopedian.com /ba/Badagas.html (184 words)

	The Hindu : Tamil Nadu / Udhagamandalam News : Badagas observe fast
		Udhagamandalam: Members of the executive committee of the Nilgiri `Nakkubetta' Badaga Welfare Association observed a fast opposite the Collectorate here on Wednesday.
		It was to draw the attention of the Centre to the situation prevailing in the Nilgiris on account of the prolonged crisis in the tea industry.
		Badaga leaders from different parts of the Nilgiris including T.B.Raman of `Kundah Seemai', Ranga Gowder from `Porangadu Seemai' and Konga Gowder from `Thodhanadu Seemai' took part in the fast.
	www.hindu.com /2006/01/05/stories/2006010515580300.htm (339 words)

	Cuppa of woes brimmeth over - Deccan Herald (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Master Mathan (74), a Badaga from Ooty, made it to the Lok Sabha in 1998 with the support of the AIADMK and got re-elected in 1999 when the BJP aligned with the DMK.
		Badagas, traditional Congress supporters, predominate in Ooty and Coonoor.
		Gounders are the largest community with a strength of 3.91 lakh followed by Badagas (3.28 lakh), Scheduled Castes and Tribes (2.04 lakh) and Naidus (1.31 lakh).
	www.deccanherald.com /deccanherald/may022004/iv9.asp (1275 words)

	Ooty India - History -Ooty.com
		He did this not merely through the introduction of tea (which was commercialized only years after his death), but by freely distributing speed for a large assortment of cereals, fruit and vegetables.
		He brought in European varieties of wheat and barley (which the Badagas knew as Sullivan ganji), vegetables such as cabbage, radish and turnip and fruits such as peach, apple and strawberry.
		He made the journey up from Calicut, but all that remains of his visit to Todamala is a small fragment that reveals he tried to converse with the Badagas about Christianity and that he gave “Toda women looking glasses and hanks of thread, with which they were very much pleased”.
	www.ooty.com /jonhsulivan.htm (1329 words)

	Mysterindia.com - Ketti - The Tribal Land of the Nilgiris (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The idyllic mountain village of Ketti is home totribes such a the Todas and the Badagas, who continue with their traditional way of life.
		The highest railway station in the country is situated at 7,000 feet in the Nilgiri mountain of South India.
		Home to tribes such as the Badagas and the Todas, Ketti represents a way of life that revolves around caring for livestock and cultivation of vegetables and potatoes.
	www.mysterindia.com /modules.php?name=News&file=print&sid=577 (393 words)

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