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Topic: Bahmani sultans

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	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Bahmani Sultanate
		The sultanate was founded in 1347 by the Turkish governor Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah, who revolted against the Sultan of Delhi, Muhammad bin Tughluq.
		Muhammad bin Tughluq was the Sultan of Delhi from 1325 to 1351.
		The Sultan connived at Alp Khan's murder in the palace, and Khidr Khan was imprisoned.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Bahmani-Sultanate (1314 words)

	Vijayanagar - LoveToKnow 1911
		Within thirty years the Hindu Rayas of Vijayanagar were able to hold their own against the Bahmani sultans, who had now established their independence of Delhi in the Deccan proper.
		Warfare with the Mahommedans across the border in the Raichur doab was carried on almost unceasingly, and with varying result.
		This occurred in 1565, when the confederate sultans of Bijapur, Ahmednagar and Golconda, who had divided amongst themselves the Bahmani dominions, overwhelmed the Vijayanagar army in the plain of Talikota, and sacked the defenceless city.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Vijayanagar (376 words)

	Opinion
		I have stood in reverence at the tombs of Mevlana Rumi and Ayup Sultan, Companion of the Prophet.
		It was here that the combined armies of the Bahmani sultans defeated the raja of Vijayanagar in 1565 CE at the battle of Tylekote.
		The (Shia) Safavids of Persia, who were at that time engaged in a fierce struggle with the Great Mughals for control of Afghanistan, saw a golden opportunity to circumvent the Mogul empire and made overtures to the Bahmani sultans for a common stand against the (nominally sunni) Moguls.
	www.pakistanlink.com /Opinion/2006/Aug06/18/01.HTM (1700 words)

	Bahmani Sultanate - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		The Bahmani Sultanate (Also called the Bahmanid Empire) was a Muslim state of the Deccan in southern India.
		His revolt was successful, and he established an independent state on Deccan out of the Delhi Sultanate's southern provinces.
		Bahmani Sultanate, List of Bahmani Sultans, External links, Empires and kingdoms of India, Indian monarchs, Islamic rule in India, 1347 establishments and Sultanates.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Bahmani_Sultanate (195 words)

	Bahmani - Qwika (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The sultanate is founded in 1347 by the governor of origin afghane Alâ ud-Dîn Bahman who revolted against his suzerain it sultan of Delhi, Muhammad bin-Tughlûq.
		Governor of the province Bijapur of the Bahmani sultanate, used 1490 and its province for...
		Ahmad Nizam Shah, a governor of the Bahmani Sultans, defeated 1490 the army of Mahmud...
	www.qwika.com /find/Bahmani (575 words)

	Islamic Empires in India - Wikinfo
		The effective rule of a sultan depended largely on his ability to control the strategic places that dominated the military highways and trade routes, extract the annual land tax, and maintain personal authority over military and provincial governors.
		The sultans' failure to hold securely the Deccan and South India resulted in the rise of competing southern dynasties: the Muslim Bahmani Sultanate (1347-1527) and the Hindu Vijayanagar Empire (1336-1565).
		Political rivalry between the Bahmani and the Vijayanagar rulers involved control over the Krishna-Tunghabadhra river basin, which shifted hands depending on whose military was superior at any given time.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Islamic_Empires_in_India (3367 words)

	Gulbarga Fort, History of Gulbarga, Karnataka Monuments, Forts of Karnataka, Architectural Monuments of Karnataka
		Gulbarga fort, originally built by Raja Gulchand was later strengthened by Ala-ud-din Bahmani.
		The fort contained 15 towers and 26 guns of which one was 8 metres long.
		Several tombs of the Bahmani Sultans can be found in the eastern outskirts of the town.
	www.indiantravelportal.com /karnataka/forts/gulbarga-fort.html (171 words)

	Delhi Sultans and Rajas 1300-1526 by Sanderson Beck
		Tughluq restored some administration to the Delhi sultanate by appointing honest governors and reducing taxation to one-tenth of the gross produce, while his son and successor conquered the Pandyas in the south and took Madura.
		While the Sultan spent the rest of his life suppressing the Gujarat rebellion led by Taghi, an independent Bahmani kingdom was established in the Deccan in 1347.
		After the Sultan had crushed a rebellion in the Deccan, Barani wrote that he did not have the courage to say that he believed the Sultan's excessive capital punishments had caused hatred and the rebellion.
	san.beck.org /2-8-DelhiSultans1300-1526.html (12518 words)

	Sultans and Nawabs of the South by Neria Harish Hebbar, MD
		Due to in fighting, in the 1490’s Bahmani kingdom suddenly collapsed and was divided into several smaller sultanates.
		It is recorded that this sultan once had a harem with ten thousand women that needed their own city to live in.
		Aurangzeb, in late seventeenth century, unhappy with the Shiite sultans and Hindu nobility in the south, went south and made both Bijapur and Golconda part of a vast Mughal empire.
	www.boloji.com /history/016.htm (1062 words)

	DEVARAKONDA - Let's Make DVK Shine
		During his rule, he waged a war against the Bahmani Sultans and with his Arrogance and strong determination in the battlefield drove them away to the relief of his people in the kingdom.
		Lingama Naidu was the ferocious warrior who drove away the Bahmani king Humanyun along with his huge contingency of soldiers from the Devarakonda fort.
		But due to the continuous attacks by the Bahmani rulers the Devarakonda kingdoms lost their glory and as a result, Lingama Naidu became the last ruler to rule his kingdom autonomously.
	www.thedevarakonda.org /history/history_city.htm (596 words)

	The Five Kingdoms of the Bahmani Sultanate
		The Sultanate and Vijaynagar were the two great South Indian kingdoms of the medieval age.
		As the power of the Bahmani Sultanate waned, its provincial governors increasingly took power and were the actual rulers of their provinces, even if in many cases they nominally deferred to the central authority rather than declare their independence.
		During the first part of its existence, the Bahmani Sultans ruled their kingdom from Gulbarga – 75 years; during the second part the kingdom was ruled from Bidar – 116 years.
	www.orbat.com /site/cimh/kings_master/kings/ibrahimII_adil_shahi/5_provinces.HTML (158 words)

	Goa Early History
		The Arab voyager, Al-Masudi, too held the opinion that Sindabur was the leading coastal city in Malabar.
		From them it passed on to the Bahmani sultans of Gulbarga.
		After the empire of the Bahmani sultans collapsed, the Adil Shahis of Bijapur took over.
	www.mapsofindia.com /maps/goa/geography-and-history/early-history-of-goa.html (532 words)

	Iranica.com - GULBARGA
		It became the first capital of the Bahmanid dynasty (748-934/1347-1527; q.v.) when, in 748/1347, a rebel Tughluqid commander, perhaps a descendant of the Kakuyids of Isfahan (398-443/1008-51), was proclaimed sultan of the Deccan as ¿Ala@÷-al-Din H®asan Bahman Shah.
		The city, which retained the mint-name of Ahásana@ba@d, was the residence of eight sultans: Bahman Shah (748-59/1347-58), Moháammad I (759-76/1358-75), ¿Ala@÷-al-Din Moja@hed (776-80/1375-78) Da@÷ud I, (780/1378), Moháammad II (780-99/1378-97), GÚia@t¯-al-Din Taham-tan (799/1397), ˆams-al-Din Da@÷ud II (799/1397), and Ta@j-al-Din Firuz Shah (800-25/1397-1422).
		Desai, "Architecture: the Bahmanis," in H. Sherwani and P. Joshi, eds., History of Medieval Deccan, Hyderabad, 1974, II, pp.
	www.iranica.com /newsite/articles/v11f4/v11f4024.html (700 words)

	Sultans & Nawabs
		Ahmad Shah built his capital Ahmadabad and the long reigning sultan Mahmud Shah expanded territory into Saurashtra and created a sultanate that would last well until the seventeenth century.
		During the last Bahmani sultan Mahmud Shah’s reign (1482-1518), four major power centers would emerge and become independent states.
		This exploitation led to the extent that the four sultanates finally feared for their own existence.
	www.indialife.com /History/sult_naw.htm (1009 words)

	Dr Ramesh N Rao - Articles - History
		The brothers settled in Kampili, a small town that was to become the great Vijayanagara, but were taken prisoner by the sultan's army in 1327 C.E. Taken to Delhi and converted to Islam, the brothers were sent back to Kampili by the sultan to govern that region on his behalf.
		But it was the dreaded Bahmani sultans who were to undo the Vijayanagar empire.
		When the Deccan sultans decided to join forces in 1565 to challenge the Vijayanagar king Rama Raya and the battle seemed to be going in favor of the latter, two Muslim generals changed sides.
	www.rameshnrao.com /history-why-we-are-afraid.html (1700 words)

	Medieval India - Indian History
		Khiljis, Tughlaqs, Sayyids and Lodis followed and this period is known as the Sultanate.
		Ousted by his cousins, he came to India and defeated Ibrahim, the last Lodi Sultan in 1526 at the First Battle of Panipat.
		Tipu Sultan (reign - 1782 - 1799) - Hyder Ali's son and successor allied himself with the French against the British and strove to introduce the latest technical knowledge from Europe.
	www.indhistory.com /medieval-india-history.html (536 words)

	[No title]
		Within thirty years the Hindu Rayas of Vijayanagar were able to hold their own against the Bahmani sultans, who had now established their independence of Delhi in the Deccan proper.
		Two, or possibly three, different dynasties are believed to have occupied the throne of Vijayanagar as time went on; and its final downfall may be ascribed to the domestic dissensions thus produced.
		This occurred in 1565, when the confederate sultans of Bijapur, Ahmednagar and Golconda, who had divided amongst themselves the Bahmani dominions, overwhelmed the Vijayanagar army in the plain of Talikota, and sacked the defenceless city.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /correction/edit?locale=en&content_id=68620 (412 words)

	The American Muslim (TAM) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Under Haider Ali and his charismatic son, Tipu Sultan, another powerful centre of Muslim rule emerged at Srirangapatanam, near Mysore, extending over large stretches of present-day central and southern Karnataka and even beyond, till it was put an end to by the combined forces of the British and the Nizam of Hyderabad in 1799.
		Under the Muslim Bahmani Sultans, numerous Sufis were attracted to the area from north India and from as far as Iran and Central Asia.
		Sultan Ahmad was widely known for his piety and generosity and for his Sufi leanings.
	theamericanmuslim.org /tam.php/features/articles/challenges_to_liminality_shared_hindu_muslim_shrines_in_karnataka_south_ind (7375 words)

	GOA WORLD - History Of Goa
		At the centre at Bidar, a minor became the new Sultan of the Bahmani kingdom in 1482.
		The Sultan of Gujarat, then sent an ambassador to the Bahmani king Mahmud Shah demanding severe action against the Goa viceroy Bahadur Khan Gilani who was supposed to be his vassal or in the alternative prayed that he be given the authority to deal with the rebel.
		The Bahmani Sultan Mahmud Shah replied to the Gujarati Sultan stating that action would be taken against Bahadur Khan Gilani if he failed to comply with his farman and Gilani would be destroyed.
	www.goa-world.com /GOA/ABOUT_GOA/hist.htm (9719 words)

	OurKarnataka.com: History of Karnataka: The Bahamanis and the Adil Shahs
		The new Sultan Ala – ud – din II (1436 – 58) became unpopular because he surrounded himself with the foreigners.
		The jealously and intrigues of the Deccanis weakened the Bahmani Kingdom.
		The period of Mahmud (1482 – 1518) witnessed the dismemberment of the Bahmani Kingdom.
	www.ourkarnataka.com /states/history/historyofkarnataka48.htm (1111 words)

	Madurai Nayaks Information
		In the reign of the able sultan of Delhi, Ala-ud-din Khalji (1296—1315), a series of brilliant raids, led by the eunuch general Malik Kafur, a converted Hindu, crushed the Deccan kingdoms, and for a time a Muslim sultanate was set up even in Madurai, in the extreme south."
		This kingdom, after desperately resisting the Bahmani sultans of the Northern Deccan, established its hegemony over the whole Peninsula, from the Krishna river southwards.
		The Vijayanagar dynasty was chiefly responsible for the present and permanent glory of Tamil Nadu, which was ransacked by the earlier Delhi Sultanate.
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/Madurai_Nayaks (4553 words)

	Indian Architecture Islamic Period (1192-1857) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The advent of Islam in India was followed by a titanic clash of two vastly different cultures and architectural styles, of realism and idealism.
		The early Turkish Sultans of Delhi introduces the forms of the dome and arch into the Indian Architectural tradition.
		The present book covers the architecture of the entire period of Muslim rule in the country till it was replaced by the British.
	www.easternbookcorporation.com /moreinfo.php?txt_searchstring=4201 (137 words)

	The Mystery of South India: Ideas & Identities of India Pakistan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The sultan was much hurt at this insult to the faith, but, as he had not the ability to prevent it, he did not seem to observe it.
		Opposed to Tirumala were the forces of Bijapur under their Sultan Ali Adil; the Mussalman centre was under the command of Hussain Nizam Shah; and the left of the allied army, in Venkatadri's front, consisted of the forces brought from Ahmadabad and Golkonda by the two Sultans, Ali Barid and Ibrahim Qutb.
		The Bahmani sultanate was founded by a general of Muhammad bin Tughlaq's army and thus pre-dates the Moghul Empire in India by a couple of centuries.
	www.chowk.com /show_article.cgi?aid=00003899&channel=gulberg&start=30&end=39&page=4&chapter=1&order=0 (7476 words)

	golconda
		Bahmani sultanate of Central India included the state of Telangana.
		This sultanate was established by Zafar Khan in 1345 AD after conquering Doulatabad.
		European historians and Indian historians have highlighted the destructive role of Sultanates, which were established on the ruins of flourishing Hindu countries.
	www.vepachedu.org /golconda.html (1665 words)

	History of Goa
		Its last Hindu rulers were the Sultan of Bijapur.
		The Vijayanagar rulers held on to Goa for nearly 100 years, during which its harbours were important landing places for Arabian horses on their way to Hampi to strengthen the Vijaynagar cavalry.
		In 1469, however, Goa was reconquered, this time by the Bahmani Sultans of Gulbarga.
	www.clickgoa.com /history/history_goa.html (797 words)

	Was There an Islamic "Genocide" of Hindus? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		One constraint on Muslim zeal for Holy War was the endemic inter-Muslim warfare and intrigue (no history of a royal house was bloodier than that of the Delhi Sultanate 1206-1525), another the prevalence of the Hanifite school of Islamic law in India.
		Ferishtha lists several occasions when the Bahmani sultans in central India (1347-1528) killed a hundred thousand Hindus, which they set as a minimum goal whenever they felt like "punishing" the Hindus; and they were only a third-rank provincial dynasty.
		K.S. Lal once estimated that the Indian population declined by 50 million under the Sultanate, but that would be hard to substantiate; research into the magnitude of the damage Islam did to India is yet to start in right earnest.
	koenraadelst.voiceofdharma.com /articles/irin/genocide.html (4422 words)

	Zeno - Oriental Coins Database - Bahmani Sultans - Powered by PhotoPost
		The header of each page will consists of: the name of the Sultanate, followed by the catalogue number, the name of the ruler, denomination, mint and the date on the coin.
		Bahmani sultanate, Ala ud-Din Ahmad Shah II ibn Ahmad (1435-57)
		Bahmani Sultans, Ahmad Shah II, half Gani, ND.
	www.zeno.ru /showgallery.php?cat=3268 (752 words)

	Opinion
		I have stood in reverence at the tombs of Mevlana Rumi and Ayup Sultan, Companion of the Prophet.
		It was here that the combined armies of the Bahmani sultans defeated the raja of Vijayanagar in 1565 CE at the battle of Tylekote.
		The (Shia) Safavids of Persia, who were at that time engaged in a fierce struggle with the Great Mughals for control of Afghanistan, saw a golden opportunity to circumvent the Mogul empire and made overtures to the Bahmani sultans for a common stand against the (nominally sunni) Moguls.
	pakistanlink.com /Opinion/2006/Aug06/18/01.HTM (1700 words)

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