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	raceandhistory.com - Burundi History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Bahutu agriculturalists migrate into the region and dominate the indigenous tribal groups, including the Batwa.
		In January a Bahutu coup d'ètat is staged in Rwanda and a Republican government is established.
		Rwanda is to be a republic led by Bahutus, while Burundi is to retain a ceremonial head of state called the mwami, and is dominated by Batutsis.
	www.raceandhistory.com /historicalviews/burundi.htm (1931 words)

	Kinyarwanda language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Kinyarwanda is closely related to Kirundi spoken in the neighboring country, Burundi and to Giha of western Tanzania.
		The inhabitants of Rwanda and Burundi belong to three different ethnic groups : Bahutu, Batutsi, and Batwa (a pygmy people).
		The fact that these ethnic groups share the same language is assumed to be the result of the Bahutu outnumbering the latter two groups (see Bahutu for a more complete historical perspective).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kinyarwanda_language (181 words)

	PAN AFRICAN MOVEMENT
		Bahutu women be vigilant and try to bring your husbands, brothers and sons back to reason.
		The bahutu, wherever they are, must have unity, solidarity and be pre-occupied by the fate of their Hutu brothers the bahutu both inside and outside Rwanda must constantly look for friends and allies for the Hutu cause, starting with our bahutu brothers; They must constantly counteract the tutsi propaganda.
		The article called upon the Bahutu to internalise the new Hutu ideology which involved defending all that was granted by the revolution of 1959.
	www.panafricanmovement.org /R.Genocide2.htm (3330 words)

	Rwandan Politics: Kagame vs Habyarimana
		The background of deep hatred between Bahutu and Batutsi of Rwanda and Burundi, is traced back to the colonial times shortly after the Berlin Conference in 1884.
		Later, the colonial masters switched support to Bahutu through what was called Bahutu Manifesto, which focused on criticising the social, economic and political monopoly of the Batutsi elite.
		Bahutu military blamed RPF and instigated widespread, horrific massacres of innocent Batutsi.
	www.empereur.com /nations/rwanda/ethnic.html (1022 words)

	Military.org -- CountryWatch.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Bahutu agriculturists migrated to Burundi in the 6
		In 1965, a coup attempt by Bahutu officers and the successful assassination of the Bahutu Prime Minister Pierre Ngendandumwe were triggered by the king's dismissal of election results that would have placed the Bahutus in power in the National Assembly.
		Bahutus gained power in the government, though the state house, armed forces and local governments were still dominated by Batutsis.
	www.countrywatch.com /mi_topic.asp?vCOUNTRY=29&SECTION=COVER&TOPIC=POHIS&TYPE=TEXT (1198 words)

	East Africa Living Encyclopedia
		In the early 14th century, Bahutu farmers, belonging to the Bantu language group, arrived in the area and established their language and customs.
		Although the Bahutu, Batutsi, and Batwa preserved their own customs and traditions, a common Burundi culture emerged, with a common language, Kirundi.
		Even though the Hutu (or Bahutu) had a numerical superiority, they were like serfs to the Tutsi (or Batutsi) who functioned as the overlords in this system.
	www.africa.upenn.edu /NEH/bethnic.htm (346 words)

	Rwanda News and Links: QuickNews.
		Above Lake Tanganyika's blue waters, the Bahutu or Wahutu (singular Muhutu) were minding their own business 300 years ago when the Batutsi or Watusi (singular: Mututsi) wandered in, probably from Abyssinia.
		Because the Batutsi brought with them wondrous long-horned cattle and because they were seven feet tall, the Bahutu did not argue the point.
		Even Bahutu look down on the Batwas, who are virtually pygmies and have no case pending at Lake Success [temporary U.N. headquarters].
	news.quickfound.net /intl/rwanda_news.html (1158 words)

	Again (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		The baHutu and the baTutsi, popularly considered to be ethnic groups, were in fact castes, and probably of the same ethnic stock.
		Though suggestions implicating the RPF and even the français were made, most outside observers believed that baHutu of the presidential guard, angered at the power-sharing agreement, had assassinated the Hutu who had signed it.
		Among the first to die were those liberal baHutu in a position to mitigate the massacre; Hutu premier Uwingiliyimana Agathe, in power because of the Arusha accords, died in the first hours following the crash, along with several members of her cabinet.
	the-stewardship.org /again.htm (2612 words)

	Demographics of Burundi - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The population is made up of three major ethnic groups -- Bahutu (Hutu), Batutsi or Watusi (Tutsi), and Batwa (Twa).
		The terms " pastoralist " and " agriculturist," often used as ethnic designations for Watutsi and Bahutu, respectively, are only occupational titles which vary among individuals and groups.
		Although Hutus encompass the majority of the population, historically Tutsis have been politically and economically dominant.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Demographics_of_Burundi (479 words)

	The EastAfrican on the Web
		The third commandment exhorted the Bahutu women to be vigilant and try to bring their husbands, brothers and sons back to reason; and the fourth reminded every Muhutu, "Know that every Mututsi is dishonest in business— his only aim is the supremacy of his ethnic group.
		The ninth commandment compelled the Bahutu, wherever they were, to be concerned with the fate of their Hutu brothers.
		And for that matter, the Bahutu inside and outside Rwanda must constantly look for friends and allies for the Hutu cause, starting with their Bantu brothers; must constantly counteract the Tutsi propaganda; and, must be firm and vigilant against their common Tutsi enemy.
	www.nationaudio.com /News/EastAfrican/08042002/Features/Magazine016.html (2061 words)

	A short history of Burundi
		The area to the north west of Burundi is inhabited by Bahutu since the tenth century BC.
		The governments seek a equilibrium between the Bahutu and the Batutsi.
		The UPRONA candidate is defeated by Melchior Ndadaye of the mainly Bahutu Front pour la Démocratie au Burundi (Fort for Democracy in Burundi, FRODEBU).
	www.electionworld.org /history/burundi.htm (464 words)

	A short history of Rwanda (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		The area to the north west of Rwanda is inhabited by Bahutu since the tenth century BC.
		In the fifteenth century the Batutsi arrive in the area and gradually subjugate the Bahutu.
		In 1960 Belgium organizes elections in Rwanda, which are won by the Bahutu party Party of the Hutu Emancipation Movement of Grégoire Kayibanda.
	www.electionworld.org /history/rwanda.htm (562 words)

	[No title]
		Les Bahutu verront leur stabilité entamée et l’instauration de la peur dans cette société paisible.
		Les Bahutu, en mariant les filles du clan des Batutsi Baganwa, gagnaient un cran dans l’estime de part la société entière et de la part des Baganwa eux-mêmes.
		Le monde a ignoré le génocide des Bahutu en 1972, parce que personne n’a plaidé pour eux.
	www.abarundi.org /temoignages/rukundo_010504.html (6599 words)

	Governance Resource Centre (GRC) Exchange - Information Database (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		A series of elections during decolonisation led to extreme political polarisation between Batutsi and Bahutu, culminating in the 'social revolution of 1959 where Batutsi chiefs were replaced with Bahutu.
		At the general election in 1961 the Bahutu party secured 77% of the vote and the first government of independence was a power-sharing between Batutsi and Bahutu parties.
		The 1994 genocide of the Batutsi by the Bahutu was, although planned from above, executed by practically all sections of the population.
	www.grc-exchange.org /info_data/record.cfm?id=78 (538 words)

	twagiramungu.net! Site pour la démocratie! The web for democracy! Site ya demukarasi!
		Or les relations entre nous (Batutsi) et eux (Bahutu) ont été de tous temps jusqu’à présent basées sur le servage; il n’y a donc entre eux et nous aucun fondement de fraternité.
		Les Bahutu prétendent que Kanyarwanda est père de Batutsi, Bahutu et Batwa; or nous savons que Kigwa est de loin antérieur à Kanyarwanda et que conséquemment Kanyarwanda est de loin postérieur à l’existence des trois races Bahutu, Batutsi et Batwa, qu’il a trouvées bien constituées.
		Les Bahutu ont prétendu que Kanyarwanda est notre père commun, le Ralliant de toutes les familles Batutsi, Bahutu et Batwa: or Kanyarwanda est fils de Gihanga, de Kazi, de Merano, de Randa, de Kobo, de Gisa, de Kijuru, de Kimanuka, de Kigwa.
	www.twagiramungu.net /manifeste_bahutu_reactions.htm (999 words)

	Africa and Communism - Chapter 6 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		The tribe was the Watutsi, whose height and lyre-horned cattle were so impressive that they were regarded as divine beings by the diminutive people of the Bahutu tribe who had previously settled in the area.
		The Bahutu, or Hutu, were so under the spell of the Tutsis that the latter easily enslaved the Hutu who became serfs of the monarchist Tutsis.
		In the colonizing era, Belgian and German administrators perpetuated the master-servant relationship in Ruanda-Urundi although the Hutu, the serfs, comprised 85 % of the population.
	home.wanadoo.nl /rhodesia/metrochap6.html (2613 words)

	:: :: THE REPUBLIC OF RWANDA :: :: ...
		While the relationship between the king and the rest of the population was unequal, the relationship between the ordinary Bahutu, Batutsi and Batwa was one of mutual benefit mainly through the exchange of their labour.
		The divisions within the ruling Bahutu clique that culminated in the coup d'etat of 1973 became more heightened in the 1970s and 1980s when the clique talked of Bahutu of the north and Bahutu of the south.
		Preparation to carry out genocide by these groups involved the training of the militia, the arming of both the militia and some sections of the population, the establishment and widespread use of a hate radio called Radio television Libre de Mille Collines (RTLM), and the distribution of lists of those who were to be targeted.
	www.rwanda4u.com /history.htm (3586 words)

	Credo Mutwa Online: Biography Part 3: Mysteries of Africa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		This old woman told me that her grandmother had told her this story while she was still a virgin of some fifteen years or so and under going initiation into the mysteries and the culture of the Bahutu people.
		The old woman went on to tell me that many generations ago, there came to the land of the Bahutu, a group of little yellow skinned men, who wore colourful robes and strange brightly coloured hats.
		These men she said had come in search of the great city of knowledge which they had heard many, many years ago, stands in the earth under the Mountains of the Moon- the Ruwensory Mountains.
	credomutwa.com /biography03.html (575 words)

	Appel à la conscience des Bahutu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Bahutu, c'est plus que jamais le moment de nous réveiller, d'approfondir la réflexion et de prendre conscience d'une nouvelle idéologie, l'idéologie des Bahutu, qui plonge ses racines dans la révolution sociale de 1959 et qui consiste à défendre jalousement les acquis de cette révolution et ceux du Référendum du 25 septembre 1961.
		A tout moment, les Bahutu doivent être prêts à se défendre contre ces fléaux et contre toutes les personnes et tous les Etats qui nourrissent l'idée de les réinstaurer au Rwanda.
		Les Bahutu de l'intérieur et de l'extérieur du Rwanda doivent rechercher constamment des amis et des alliés pour la Cause Hutu, à commencer par leurs frères bantous.
	users.skynet.be /wirira/kangura.htm (1423 words)

	African Proverb of the Month
		Prior to the colonial divide-and-rule incursions that were to create or exaggerate their racial differences that have resulted in hundreds of thousands of deaths and migrations, there lived in and around present-day Rwanda and Burundi two major classes of people.
		The Tutsi (Batutsi, pl.) who controlled most of the cattle economy were traditionally recognized as superior to the Hutu (Bahutu, pl.) who primarily tilled the land and relied on food and cash crops.
		This proverb is a renowned one among the Hutu (Bahutu) and Tutsi (Batutsi).
	www.afriprov.org /resources/explain2002.htm (5936 words)

	Untitled Document
		The Bahutu, wherever they are, must have unity and solidarity, and be concerned with the fate of their Hutu brothers.
		The Bahutu inside and outside Rwanda must constantly look for friends and allies for the Hutu cause, starting with their Bantu brothers;
		The Bahutu must be firm and vigilant against their common Tutsi enemy.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /~mclynch/media.html (668 words)

	Ethnic Groups of Burundi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		In pre-colonial Burundi, the Bahutu served the Mwami as the "Keeper (Banyamabanga) of the Kingdom’s Secrets".
		There are Batutsi who live by agriculture as the Bahutu do, and also Bahutu who possess cattle like the Batutsi.
		The colonialists further ensured future "ethnic" conflict by favoring the Batutsi and ignoring the Bahutu in developing their administrative rule.
	daga.dhs.org /urugopeace/Burundi/Burundipeople.htm (439 words)

	twagiramungu.net! Site pour la démocratie! The web for democracy! Site ya demukarasi!
		Ajoutons que la section de la population, que le départ de l’Européen pourrait réduire dans une servitude pire que la première, aurait tout au moins le droit de s’abstenir de coopérer à l’indépendance autrement que par des efforts de travail acharné et des manifestations des déficiences qu’il lui semble nécessaire de soigner d’abord.
		Quant aux fameux métissages ou « mutations » de Bahutu en Hamites, la statistique, une généalogie bien établie, et peut-être aussi les médecins, peuvent seuls donner des précisions objectives et assez solides pour réfuter le sens commun auquel on se réfère pourtant pour bien d’autres choses.
		Cette occupation en fait précaire n’encourage guère le travail et en conséquences les gens qui n’ont que leurs bras pour s’enrichir en sont désavantagés.
	www.twagiramungu.net /histoire.htm (3665 words)

	C O N G O
		The Belgians switched their support to the Bahutu, which resulted in the murder of many Batutsi as the Belgians lost further control.
		During the crisis Congolese leaders were called to discussions in Ostend, Belgium where it was promised that no more foreign soldiers would be sent to the Congo, and that it would become independent under a central government.
		Bloodshed continued in Rwanda as the Batutsi were attacked by the Bahutu.
	home.intekom.com /southafricanhistoryonline/pages/specialprojects/20thcentury-africa/congo/independence.htm (789 words)

	The Wellspring Foundation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		A group of hunter-gatherers named the Batwa were the first inhabitants of Rwanda, followed by the agricultural Bahutu, and the pastoral Batutsi.
		As the system became monetized, and a growing middle class rose from the oppressed masses, colonial support began to swing in favor of the agricultural Bahutus.
		As the groups of Tutsi loyal to the monarchy struggled to regain control many innocent civilians were killed and the early 1960s saw around 150,000 Rwandans flee to neighboring countries.
	www.thewellspringfoundation.com /history/history.htm (249 words)

	MSN Encarta - Archive Article - 1966: Rwanda
		On the eve of independencewhich came in 1962-the Bahutu people of Rwanda managed to uproot the aristocratic Watutsi minority that had so long been in power.
		The government is now firmly in the hands of the Bahutu.
		But in neighboring Burundi, the Watutsi are still in control, keeping Rwanda in a...
	encarta.msn.com /sidebar_1741579642/1966_Rwanda.html (169 words)

	The Struggle for Rwanda
		In Rwanda, the Bahutu (Hutu) are Bantu speaking agriculturists.
		One of the Bahutu elite succeed to the presidency.
		At any rate, this was the pretext for hardliners in the Bahutu government in Rwanda to go on the attack against the Watutsi minority.
	www.drjameshaney.com /BPRawandaMadu.htm (1257 words)

	Agora
		C'est un Etat-Ethnie, un ensemble Bahutu ajouté à un ensemble Batutsi et un autre ensemble Batwa.
		Les Bahutu et les Batwa, ce sont des opprimés, des exploités, des colonisé.
		Les Colonisateurs et les missionnaires sont les libérateurs des Bahutu et des Batwa.
	www.netpress.bi /Ago/zenon3.htm (2027 words)

	BULLETIN No. 03/03, January 27, 2003 (c) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Despite some minor differences, Bahutu and Batutsi coexisted amicably.
		Though it included some Bahutu, it was pro-monarchy, pro-Tutsi, and anti Belgian.
		Many believe that what they did was in revenge of what had happened to them some years ago.
	www.districtnet.org.uk /orbital/news/aana/2003/jan2003/03c.htm (3184 words)

	Roma in Serbia: Introducing Romany Language and Culture into Primary Schools - printer friendly (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		According to recent estimates, however, out of Rwanda's total population of just over 8 million people, only between 20,000 and 27,000 are Batwa.2 The steady dispossession of their lands over several centuries was facilitated by their low population density, small social groups, and egalitarian culture, with values that emphasized openness and sharing.
		By the end of the nineteenth century, only small pockets of forest remained and most Batwa had no alternative but to become potters or agricultural labourers, working for the Bahutu and Batutsi, and living as tenants on their land.
		Due to illiteracy, discrimination and fear of violence, many do not approach the local authorities to claim their basic rights.12 The Batwa are unable to benefit from land redistribution as the Bahutu and Batutsi are.
	www.minorityrights.org /Dev/mrg_dev_title11_batwa/mrg_dev_title11_batwa_pf.htm (2343 words)

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