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Topic: Bakassi Peninsula

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	Bakassi - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Bakassi is the peninsular extension of the African territory of Calabar into the Atlantic Ocean.
		Bakassi is situated at the extreme eastern end of the Gulf of Guinea, where the warm east-flowing Guinea Current (called Aya Efiat in Efik) meets the cold north-flowing Benguela Current (called Aya Ubenekang in Efik).
		A kingdom was founded in Bakassi around 1450 by the Efik, and was incorporated within the political framework of the kingdom of Old Calabar.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bakassi (1174 words)

	Bakassi - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		BAKASSI [Bakassi], peninsula, c.400 sq mi (1,000 sq km), on the Cameroon-Nigeria border, at the SE end of the Gulf of Guinea.
		The swampy peninsula and associated small islands are strategically located, controlling access to the Nigerian port of Calabar; the surrounding waters are rich in fish and submarine oil deposits.
		A 2006 agreement established a two-year timetable for the handover of the peninsula; the inhabitants may remain as Cameroonian citizens or be resettled in Nigeria.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-bakassi.html (219 words)

	Inventory of Conflict and Environment (ICE), Bakassi Peninsula
		The boundaries in the Lake Chad region were determined by the Thomson-Marchand Declaration of 1929-1930 and the boundary in Bakassi determined by the Anglo-German Agreement of March 11, 1913.
		Nigeria believes that sovereignty of Bakassi is not a matter of oil or natural resources on land or in coastal waters; it is a matter of the welfare and well-being of Nigerians on their land (9).
		The dispute can be narrowed into two main issues: the fight for the Bakassi Peninsula associated with the potential oil development and fisheries off the Peninsula's shores; and the partially resolved dispute over certain areas of the Lake Chad region associated with nationalist ties of several groups to the land as a result of colonialism.
	www.american.edu /ted/ice/nigeria-cameroon.htm (2250 words)

	Bakassi Peninsula: Recourse to the law to prevent conflict (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The resource-rich Bakassi peninsula, and the 1,600 kilometre-long border area between Cameroon and Nigeria extending from Lake Chad to the Gulf of Guinea, is not on most people’s horizons as a strategic piece of territory.
		After eight years of adjudication, the Court delivered its judgment on the merits of the case on 10 October 2002, deciding, in part, that sovereignty over the Bakassi peninsula and in the disputed area in the Lake Chad region lies with Cameroon.
		Progress is being made towards the withdrawals and transfers of authority in the Land Boundary and the Bakassi peninsula.
	www.un.org /events/tenstories/story.asp?storyID=900 (513 words)

	UN Chronicle \| Nigeria and Cameroon Try to settle Bakassi Peninsula Dispute (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		In 1994, Cameroon asked the ICJ to rule on a dispute "relating essentially to the question of sovereignty over the Bakassi Peninsula", which it declared was under military possession by Nigeria, and to settle the maritime boundary between the two countries.
		They also agreed on the need for confidence-building measures, including demilitarization of the Peninsula, and recognized that the issue needed to be considered in the wider context of the overall relationship between the two countries.
		A sub-committee of the Mixed Commission visited the Bakassi Peninsula for the first time, from 13 to 20 February 2004, and met with authorities, traditional chiefs and citizens.
	www.un.org /Pubs/chronicle/2004/webArticles/032004_Bakassi.asp (518 words)

	The Bakassi Story (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The boundaries between British and French mandated Kamerun was defined by the Franco-British Declaration of July 10, 1919 by Viscount Milner, the British Secretary of State for the Colonies, and Henry Simon, the French Minister for the Colonies.
		Bakassi Peninsula was in the "Southern Cameroons", distinct from the Eastern region and the Calabar province and maps from that period show this very clearly.
		Maps from that period show Bakassi peninsula in Cameroun, but the offshore boundary was unclear since there was no detailed demarkation of the "navigable portion" of the approach channel to the Calabar estuary.
	www.dawodu.com /bakassi2.htm (2309 words)

	The Head Heeb: Bakassi accord
		The presidents of Nigeria and Cameroon have reportedly signed a UN-brokered agreement for the handover of the Bakassi Peninsula, which may signal an end to a generation-long frontier dispute.
		The agreement provides for Nigeria to make a staged withdrawal from the peninsula, which was awarded to Cameroon in a 2002 ICJ judgment, The Nigerian troops currently on Bakassi will withdraw "within 60 days, with a possible 30 day extension," and unspecified "transitional arrangements" will be completed within two years.
		Any final-status arrangement in Bakassi needs to meet the concerns of the 20,000-odd Nigerians who have lived there since the 1960s and want to retain connections with their coethnics in Cross River state, as well as the long-term Cameroonian refugees who fled the area during a 1996 war scare.
	headheeb.blogmosis.com /archives/032243.html (318 words)

	Nigeria set to hand Bakassi peninsula to Cameroon
		The handover ceremony, to be held at Archibong, in the north of the peninsula, was to be attended by foreign dignitaries and diplomats, plus Nigerian military and government officials.
		Reporters who toured Bakassi at the weekend saw Cameroonian soldiers camped at the village of Ibekwe, a presence considered by the Nigerian military to be a breach of the agreement.
		Nigerians living in Bakassi were nervous at the weekend as the country wound down its troop presence on the peninsula.
	www.turkishpress.com /news.asp?id=137255 (760 words)

	"); NewWindow.document.write("IRINnews"); NewWindow.document.write(" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Ani Eric Essien, who heads the local administration in the Bakassi Peninsula, said Nigerian troops and government officials were staying put in the 1,000 sq km territory.
		The International Court of Justice (ICJ)in the Hague ruled in October 2002 that the Bakassi Peninsula belonged to Cameroon, even though most of its inhabitants considered themselves to be Nigerian.
		On Monday, Nigerian lawmakers were briefed on the Bakassi issue by officials of the Justice Ministry and the National Boundary Commission and by Bola Ajibola, Nigeria's representative on the UN-backed Nigeria-Cameroon Mixed Commission.
	irinnews.org /report.asp?ReportID=43158&SelectRegion=West_Africa&... (956 words)

	Bakassi: 'Yaounde Has the Might, Will for War' - Global Policy Forum - UN Security Council
		Explaining the rationale behind Cameroon's decision to deploy troops to the disputed territory despite the dissatisfaction of the soldiers there, Ngole said although his country does not have a foreign policy of warfare, it is obliged to defend its territorial integrity by positioning defensive troops in order to check Nigeria's offensive and aggression.
		The dispute dates back more than a-hundred years, when the colonial powers in the region left the status of the peninsula undecided after agreeing on the rest of the border between their colonies.
		The Bakassi Peninsula, is thought to hold significant reserves of oil.
	www.globalpolicy.org /security/natres/oil/nigeria/2002/0301bakassi.htm (684 words)

	Still on Bakassi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Of the 250,000 inhabitants of the Peninsula, over 90 per cent are Nigerians, with established homesteads, infrastructural facilities and a culture that is quintessentially Nigerian.
		By "requesting" Nigeria" expeditiously and without condition to withdrawn its administration and military or police forces from the Bakassi Peninsula", the ICJ would seem to have ordered that the Nigerian inhabitants of the Peninsula should immediately become Cameroonian citizens or move back to what remains of Nigeria without a thought for their effective resettlement.
		It was, in all probability, the performance of a contract (ratified or not by Nigeria's Supreme Military Council) in which the cession of Bakassi Peninsula was the executory consideration flowing from Gowon in exchange for Ahidjo's promise to blocks arms traffic through Cameroon to Biafra.
	www.nigerdeltacongress.com /sarticles/still_on_bakassi.htm (864 words)

	The Bakassi Story
		Importantly, the Bakassi peninsula which was part of Kamerun/Cameroon since 1913, as inherited in the league of Nations mandate after World War 1, was also excised from co-administration with the eastern region along with the rest of the southern Cameroons at that time.
		The Nigerian Mission at the UN was also contacted to clarify whether residents of the Bakassi peninsula had taken part in the 1961 plebiscite.
		Because the specifications of the boundary at that point did not contain provisions for such an eventuality (as was written into the detailed negotiations for Bakassi peninsula), the Camerounians hurried to plant crops on the former riverbed to prevent it from redirecting itself.
	dawodu.com /bakassi3.htm (8915 words)

	afrol News - Cameroon, Nigeria to withdraw from Bakassi
		The implementation of the future status of Bakassi Peninsula has already been outlined in great detail to avoid further military confrontations and to facilitate the rapid exploitations of the territory's oil and gas reserves.
		The disputed Peninsula of Bakassi (green) is mostly a mangrove swamp
		The oil-rich Peninsula of 50 square kilometres is basically a mangrove swamp inhabited by small societies of fishermen that have been plagued by the double jurisdiction for decades.
	www.afrol.com /News2002/cam013_nig_bakassi2.htm (733 words)

	Vanguard - Cover Stories : Goodnight Bakassi
		It was widely speculated that Nigeria’s wartime leader, Gen.Yakubu Gowon (rtd), put Bakassi in “trust” of the Cameroonian leader at the time, Alhaji Ahmadu Ahidjo, to prevent the Biafran troops from penetrating through the area to attack Calabar, after the Federal Forces had liberated it.
		Again, like a possessed child, who convulses and is revived, the issue of Bakassi gained national prominence in the early 1980s when five Nigerian soldiers on patrol along Nigeria’s territorial waters in the peninsula were shot dead by Cameroonian gendarmes.
		Between Ikang waterfront (Akpabuyo LGA) and Abana (Bakassi Headquarters), there exists a sprawling virgin swamp of vegetation, stretching along the coastline of the peninsula, overlooking the calm waters of the tributaries of Atlantic Ocean.
	vanguardngr.com /articles/2002/cover/june06/18062006/f618062006.html (1724 words)

	Bakassi Peninsula - Search Results - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Bakassi Peninsula - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Early in 1994 a border dispute arose between Nigeria and Cameroon after Nigerian troops invaded the petroleum-rich Bakassi Peninsula of Cameroon.
		Peninsula, strip of land largely surrounded by water and connected to a larger land mass by a narrow neck or isthmus.
	encarta.msn.com /Bakassi_Peninsula.html (113 words)

	allAfrica.com: Cameroon: Presidents Obasanjo And Biya Shake Hands On Disputed Bakassi Peninsula
		A decades-long border dispute over sovereignty of the Bakassi peninsula was officially resolved when President Olusegun Obasanjo of Nigeria agreed to hand the narrow strip of land over to neighbouring Cameroon.
		The International Court of Justice awarded the peninsula to Cameroon in 2002 but Nigeria contested the decision, saying that the ruling was based on colonial maps from 1913 and had not taken into account the opinion of the people living on the land today.
		The Bakassi peninsula is home to several thousand farmers and fishermen, most of whom fervently support continued Nigerian ownership of the territory.
	allafrica.com /stories/200606130612.html (341 words)

	All Headline News - Nigeria Agrees To Hand Over Bakassi Peninsula To Cameroon - September 13, 2006
		It was the third high-level meeting since The Hague recognized Cameroonian ownership of the peninsula in 2002.
		Bakassi is may contain up to 10 percent of the world's oil and gas reserves.
		AHN shall not be liable of delays, errors or omissions in the content, or for any actions taken in reliance thereon.
	www.allheadlinenews.com /articles/7003890053 (185 words)

	Vanguard - Cover Stories : Obasanjo gives Bakassi residents options * We're prepared for battle, says Bakassi ruler
		In a related development, the para-mount ruler of the oil rich Bakassi Peninsula, Chief Etim Okon-Edet, spoke again yesterday on the plan by Federal Government to hand over the peninsula to Cameroon in 60 days and warned that the people were prepared for battle to redeem their land.
		We assured the Nigerians living in Bakassi and all Nigerians that their interest will be protected in the process of implementation of the ICJ judgment.
		We have ensured that Nigerians living now on the Peninsula have a choice either to relocate or to remain in Bakassi; whichever choice they make, we have taken adequate measures for their protection, security, welfare and well-being.
	vanguardngr.com /articles/2002/cover/june06/15062006/f215062006.html (683 words)

	Nigeria formally hands over Bakassi to Cameroon
		Two Cameroonian soldiers hoist the country's flag in Archibong, signifying the transfer of authority of the Bakassi Peninsula from Nigeria to the Cameroonian government.
		Nigeria has formally handed over the oil-rich Bakassi peninsula to Cameroon in compliance with a World Court ruling and UN-brokered deadline, ending a 13-year feud between Abuja and Yaounde.
		The governors of the two states neighbouring Bakassi, Donald Duke of Cross River State and Obong Victor Attah of Akawa Ibom, were also present at the ceremony.
	www.turkishpress.com /news.asp?id=137474 (733 words)

	afrol News - Nigeria to hand Bakassi over to Cameroon
		Nigerian and Cameroonian delegates to a UN commission have met to discuss the peaceful implementation of a October 2002 International Court of Justice's (ICJ) ruling ceding the disputed, mineral-rich Bakassi Peninsula to Cameroon by 15 September, the UN Office for West Africa (UNOWA) said in a statement this evening.
		Senior Minister Amadou Ali of Cameroon and Prince Bola Ajibola of Nigeria met on Sunday with UNOWA chief Ahmedou Ould-Abdallah to ensure the peaceful handover of the peninsula in accordance with the ICJ ruling.
		Historically, Britain handed the peninsula to Germany during the 19th century despite a treaty of protection between Britain and the local rulers, according to the conclusions of the World Court.
	www.afrol.com /articles/13827 (631 words)

	Nigeria: Bakassi Chief Rejects Handover Deal
		President Olusesun Obasanjo's endorsement of a deal to hand over the disputed Bakassi peninsula to Cameroon has prompted a very angry reaction from Nigerians living in the area.
		In a televised address, President Olusegun Obasanjo re-assured Nigerians living in Bakassi that their interests and safety would be protected under the agreement reached with Cameroon.
		The dispute between Cameroon and Nigeria over ownership of the peninsula in the Gulf of Guinea almost brought the two countries to war in 1981.
	voanews.com /english/2006-06-15-voa61.cfm (480 words)

	Dibussi Tande: Scribbles from the Den: Bakassi – Full Cameroonian Sovereignty is not for Tomorrow
		Meanwhile, indigenes of Southern Cameroun, which included disputed Bakassi peninsula, have been called upon to stand up for the defence of their territory from domination by French forces.
		A handful of irredentist residents of Bakassi are Cameroonians, who thanks to the ICJ ruling, could now take their rightful place as the Bona Fide Lords of the land.
		This is the worst possible outcome for the inhabitants of the Bakassi peninsula.
	www.dibussi.com /2006/06/bakassi_full_ca.html (1553 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Africa \| Nigeria urges calm over Bakassi
		Nigerian leaders have appealed for calm as they urge their countrymen to accept a ruling by the International Court of Justice (ICJ) handing sovereignty of the disputed oil-rich Bakassi peninsula to its neighbour Cameroon.
		Nigerian troops in the peninsula were placed on high alert ahead of the decision, reported Reuters news agency.
		The Bakassi peninsula is in itself a swampy strip of land with little value, but its ownership has implications for fishing and oil rights offshore.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/africa/2318323.stm (693 words)

	ICJ Judgment on Bakassi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The Bakassi Peninsula is an area of some l,000km of mangrove swamp and half submerged islands protruding into the Bight of Bonny (previously known as the Bight of Biafra).
		In Bakassi, the Court decides that the boundary is delimited by the Anglo German Agreement of 11 March 1913 (Arts.
		It lucidity means that that portion of Bakassi Peninsula as appended to the map of Nigeria with all its rich natural resources both mineral and agricultural, will become that of Cameroon.
	nigerdeltacongress.com /iarticles/icj_judgment_on_bakassi.htm (3658 words)

	BBC NEWS \| World \| Africa \| Q&A: Bakassi Peninsula
		The peninsula juts into the oil-rich Gulf of Guinea, so the stakes are potentially very high for both countries.
		But the hotly disputed Bakassi Peninsular was adjudged to belong to Cameroon on the basis of old colonial treaties dating back almost 100 years.
		But popular Nigerian feeling is firmly against a transfer of power to Cameroon of Bakassi and the government in Abuja is now dragging its heels on this emotive issue.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/africa/3659526.stm (478 words)

	Obasanjo hands over Bakassi to Cameroun in two months - OnlineNigeria.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The Federal Government would, in the next two months, withdraw Nigerian troops from the disputed Bakassi peninsula and hand over the territory to the Republic of Cameroun, in accordance with the International Court of Justice ruling of October 10, 2002.
		He revealed that âthe two islands of Atabong and Abana, which form the Western part of Bakassi Peninsula, will continue to be administered by Nigeria for two years after the withdrawal of Nigerian troops,â adding: âMobile Police Force will be stationed on the two population centres until cessation of Nigerian administration.
		President Obasanjo said that Nigerians on the peninsula have the choice to remain there or relocate to Nigeriaâs territory.
	nm.onlinenigeria.com /templates/?a=7519&z=17 (686 words)

	U.N. Commission Meets On Bakassi Peninsula
		The U.N. commission overseeing the implementation of the transfer of the oil-rich Bakassi peninsula to Cameroon is meeting in Abuja, Nigeria, to hammer out details of a 2002 world court decision forcing Nigeria to hand over the region to Cameroon.
		Nigeria had agreed to withdraw its troops from Bakassi on September 15, but did not, for what officials involved in the process said were unspecified technical reasons.
		It is widely believed that rich oil resources and fish stocks are waiting to be discovered in the peninsula's waters of the Gulf of Guinea.
	www.voanews.com /english/archive/2004-10/2004-10-21-voa42.cfm (491 words)

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