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	The Bakke Case
		Bakke claimed that he was a victim of reverse discrimination, and his case has been considered by many as the most important civil rights decision since the end of segregation-and also one of the most difficult ever heard by the Supreme Court.
		He examines the law and politics surrounding Bakke in an even-handed manner, presenting both sides of the debate and discussing key arguments presented by pressure groups.
		While four justices confirmed that Bakke had been the victim of reverse discrimination, four others agreed that the school's affirmative action plan was a logical application of the 1964 Civil Rights Act.
	www.kansaspress.ku.edu /balbak.html (450 words)

	The Allan Bakke Case
		Bakke felt his rejections to be violations of the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th amendment, so he took the University of California Regents to the Superior Court of California.
		In a 1989 case it was ruled that the legacy of discrimination was not enough to validate the use of hiring quotas.
		Another case that the court has accepted for this term will examine whether colleges should eliminate racial preference systems in admissions or whether quotas are still needed to further curtail the use of affirmative action.
	www.studyworld.com /newsite/ReportEssay/SocialIssues/Political%5CThe_Allan_Bakke_Case-321957.htm (1463 words)

	FindLaw for Legal Professionals - Case Law, Federal and State Resources, Forms, and Code
		Bakke appealed from the portion of the trial court judgment denying him admission, and the University appealed from the decision that its special admissions program was unlawful and the order enjoining it from considering race in the processing of applications.
		Turning to Bakke's appeal, the court ruled that since Bakke had established that the University had discriminated against him on the basis of his race, the burden of proof shifted to the University to demonstrate that he would not have been admitted even in the absence of the special admissions program.
		The line of school desegregation cases, commencing with Brown, attests to the importance of this state goal and the commitment of the judiciary to affirm all lawful means toward its attainment.
	caselaw.lp.findlaw.com /cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=438&invol=265 (14632 words)

	Affirmative Action (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Bakke, a white applicant to the UC-Davis Medical School, claimed that he was denied admission even though his test scores and grades were markedly better than minority applicants who were admitted.
		Justice Powell, providing the critical fifth vote for Bakke, said in his concurring opinion that increasing racial diversity in classrooms was a compelling state interest, and that a more narrowly tailored program--such as one that gave "pluses" to minority applicants rather than putting them into a seperate admission track--would not violate the Constitution.
		Croson, and a subsequent case involving a federal set-aside program (Adarand Constructors v Pena (1995)) make clear that all racial classifications will be subject to the strict scrutiny test requiring demonstration of a compelling state interest and use of classifications narrowly tailored to further that interest.
	www.law.umkc.edu /faculty/projects/ftrials/conlaw/affirmativeaction.htm (860 words)

	Bakke baku bakke kristian ole allan bakke case (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Bakke hasn't looked busy enough to successfully cover the back four and his distribution has been poor to crap.
		I would keep playing Bakke while the team is still settling, and if in a couple more games in if he's still not right for the place, try out Dacourt.
		Bakke will be a good player for us, but right now Dacourt should be in the side before him.
	www.nevarts.com /bakke (346 words)

	FindLaw for Legal Professionals - Case Law, Federal and State Resources, Forms, and Code (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In its admission policy, quoted in Bakke, Harvard details that race is a "factor in some admissions decisions" and that "the race of an applicant may tip the balance in his favor just as geographic origin or a life spent on a farm may tip the balance in other candidates' cases." Id.
		In each case, the assigned hearing panel would then decide, as an initial matter, whether to deny the petition and proceed with the scheduled panel consideration or, if the petition raised a legitimate ground for initial hearing en banc, to circulate the petition to the rest of the court.
		We decided that these cases did represent a "must panel" situation, where subsequent matters should be returned to the original panel due to their interrelatedness with the original matter, and these cases were transferred to a motions panel including Judge Daughtrey and myself.
	laws.lp.findlaw.com /6th/02a0170p.html (14543 words)

	FindLaw for Legal Professionals - Case Law, Federal and State Resources, Forms, and Code
		Bakke, 438 U. (1978) (opinion of Powell, J.) ("When [political judgments] touch upon an individual's race or ethnic background, he is entitled to a judicial determination that the burden he is asked to bear on that basis is precisely tailored to serve a compelling governmental interest").
		Bakke is based on the principle that a university admissions program may take account of race as one, nonpredominant factor in a system designed to consider each applicant as an individual, provided the program can meet the test of strict scrutiny by the judiciary.
		Bakke, supra, at 291 ("Racial and ethnic distinctions of any sort are inherently suspect and thus call for the most exacting judicial examination").
	caselaw.lp.findlaw.com /cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=US&navby=case&vol=000&invol=02-241 (14848 words)

	Learn Essays about Bakke Case
		In the landmark case of The Regents of the University of California at Davis v.
		Allan Bakke, the litigation illustrates the Constrained Court View, suggesting that the Supreme Court was likely to be constrained as seen through the interpretation of the laws, the appointment of the judges and the influence of the justice’s beliefs surrounding the case.
		Bakke was interviewed for his first application in 1973 by an admissions representative where he was considered to be “a very desirable applicant to the medical school” (From Brown to Bakke,Wilkinson).
	www.learnessays.com /show_essay/164021.html (459 words)

	CNN.com - FindLaw Forum: Evaluating the Univ. of Georgia affirmative action ruling - September 6, 2001
		One might think it was because the answer was so obvious it did not need to be stated: The Bakke case already decided that diversity is a compelling interest, answering yes to the first prong, so the court simply moved on to the second prong to see if it, too, was satisfied.
		In a case such as Bakke, this is a puzzle because of the divisions among the Justices.
		The conventional approach is to distinguish between the holding of a case -- the actual question decided - and so-called dicta -- statements made by the court in the course of the decision that are not essential to the reasoning.
	www.cnn.com /2001/LAW/09/columns/fl.dorf.affirmative.09.06/index.html (1744 words)

	African Americans - A Brief History of Civil Rights in the United States of America - The Bakke Case
		Ironically, Bakke sued for admission on the grounds that his rights under Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 had been violated.
		Bakke, became one of the best known and ardently debated Supreme Court decisions of the decade.
		The immediate effect of the decision was that Alan Bakke was admitted to the medical school at U.C. Davis and went on to get his M.D. degree and pursue a medical career.
	www.africanamericans.com /TheBakkeCase.htm (1016 words)

	On Fairness
		The ideal result would be for Bakke vs. Regents of the University of California to be affirmed as law of the land.
		As every law student knows, Alan Bakke, a white man, was turned away by UC Davis' medical school, while students with lower grades and test scores were let in under a minority set-aside program.
		Ruling that Bakke should be let into medical school, the California justices said the Constitution's guarantees of equal justice protect people of all colors, even white males.
	aad.english.ucsb.edu /docs/op86.html (743 words)

	On Busing and of the Bakke Case
		In the much written-of Bakke case the issue of prejudice in education reaches a higher level, that of the University.
		Although at first sight it appears as a case of "reverse prejudice," in reality what is involved is the right of the underprivileged not merely to earn a degree but to practice a profession.
		Bakke appealed his case on the ground that students less qualified than he were admitted to the 16 places reserved for minorities.
	www.weisbord.org /Bakke.htm (3985 words)

	Regents of the University of California v. Bakke (1978) [76-811] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Allan Bakke, a thirty-five-year-old white man, had twice applied for admission to the University of California Medical School at Davis.
		Bakke's qualifications (college GPA and test scores) exceeded those of any of the minority students admitted in the two years Bakke's applications were rejected.
		Bakke contended, first in the California courts, then in the Supreme Court, that he was excluded from admission solely on the basis of race.
	www.oyez.org /oyez/resource/case/324 (276 words)

	African American Registry: Bakke case ruled by Supreme Court!
		On June 28, 1978, The California Supreme Court, in a two-part ruling, ordered Alan Bakke (a white man) to be admitted to the University of California at Davis medical school.
		In this landmark case, a bare majority of the Court held, five to four, that the set-aside program at the UC Davis medical school violated Alan Bakke's rights under Title VI of the 1964 Civil Rights Act.
		Bakke sued the University claiming that he was the victim of "reverse discrimination."
	www.aaregistry.com /african_american_history/963/Bakke_case_ruled_by_Supreme_Court (231 words)

	Affirmative Action History
		Allan Bakke, a white male, had been rejected two years in a row by a medical school that had accepted less qualified minority applicants—the school had a separate admissions policy for minorities and reserved 16 out of 100 places for minority students.
		The Supreme Court justices have been divided in their opinions in affirmative action cases, partially because of opposing political ideologies but also because the issue is simply so complex.
		In the Michigan cases, the Supreme Court ruled that although affirmative action was no longer justified as a way of redressing past oppression and injustice, it promoted a "compelling state interest" in diversity at all levels of society.
	www.infoplease.com /spot/affirmative1.html (1196 words)

	Affirmative Action in Higher Education (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Justice Powell was the swing vote in this case; thus, the ruling turned on his opinion even though a majority of the Justices did not support his analysis of the issues.
		Bakke, 438 U.S. Justice Powell in Bakke rejected the idea that discrimination characterized as benign should be permitted against the white majority.
		Bakke also claimed a violation of the California Constitution, but the California Supreme Court avoided ruling on this issue or the Title VI issue by ruling first that the program violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteen Amendment.
	www.law.indiana.edu /ilj/v71/no4/cosner.html (13262 words)

	Bakke case could gum up appeal in U-M diversity fight - 05/16/02
		Bakke won his case, but only as the result of a U.S. Supreme Court opinion so obtuse and mixed in its messages that what "Bakke" means is even now -- 24 years later -- the essence of Grutter's epic battle with the University of Michigan.
		Bakke rhymes with "hockey," and Grutter's fight against U-M moved deep into the playoffs Tuesday, headed for the Supreme Court finals.
		But the case of Alan Bakke, a white male would-be medical student who had good grades and test scores but uncertain skills of diplomacy, continues to haunt the legal debate.
	www.detnews.com /2002/metro/0205/16/d01-491031.htm (506 words)

	The Bakke Case: Quotas in College Admissions - Review 0894909681 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Bakke Case: Quotas in College Admissions (Landmark Supreme Court Cases)
		Bakke, a caucasian, decided to challenge the admissions system at U.C. Davis Medical School where he was repeatedly denied admission, while minority students with the same or lesser qualifications were accepted.
		The book shows the reader who Bakke was and takes the reader through the process he followed in getting his case all the way to the Supreme Court.
	books.bankhacker.com /The+Bakke+Case%3A+Quotas+in+College+Admissions (121 words)

	OpinionJournal - From the Heartland
		By agreeing to consider the case, the court may be signaling that it is finally ready to tackle the basis of the Bakke decision itself--or what passes for a basis of a highly fractured 5-4 decision that, it is often forgotten, actually struck down the preference system then employed by the University of California, Davis.
		And it seems unlikely the court's antipreference bloc of four conservative justices would have made such a bold move unless it felt it would have the support of a fifth, deciding justice--namely Sandra Day O'Connor, who is rumored to be on the verge of retirement for health reasons.
		The law school's admissions officers claimed at trial that they made all their decisions on an individualized basis, avoiding an outright quota system--even though the number of minority applicants admitted was suspiciously uniform over the years.
	www.opinionjournal.com /columnists/tbray/?id=110002710 (985 words)

	The Bakke Case by By: Howard Ball, New, Used Books, Cheap Prices, ISBN 0700610464
		Bakke Case: The Politics of Inequality (By Joel Dreyfuss)
		Bakke and the Politics of Equality (By Timothy J. O'Neill)
		Allan Bakke Versus Regents of the University of Ca...
	www.bookfinder4u.com /detail/0700610464.html (672 words)

	Ball, The Bakke Case
		Bakke however felt that his calling was in the medical field.
		Bakke argued that the University and its admission policies were a case of
		Bakke on all of his tests and other required aspects for admission.
	lilt.ilstu.edu /gmklass/pos334/archive/ball.htm (4234 words)

	BACKGROUNDER ON THE COURT JUDGEMENT OF THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA V. BAKKE CASE
		This case presents a challenge to the special admissions program of the petitioner, the Medical School of the University of California at Davis, which is designed to assure the admission of a specified number of students from certain minority groups.
		We declared as much in the first cases explicitly to recognize racial distinctions as suspect and thus call for the most exacting judicial examination.
		The school desegregation cases attest to the importance of this state goal, which is far more focused than the remedying of the effects of "societal discrimination," an amorphous concept of injury that may be ageless in its reach into the past.
	usinfo.state.gov /usa/infousa/facts/democrac/41.htm (3190 words)

	U-WIRE.com/Diversity at U. Colorado examined one year after U. Michigan case (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		"A number of years ago, when the Texas case came out, the attorney general [at that time] mandated Colorado [schools] to re-look it [their admission policies]," said Barbara Schneider, director of undergraduate admissions at CU-Boulder.
		In 1996's Hopwood vs. State of Texas, the U.S. Supreme Court declined to review a Court of Appeals decision that ruled race could not be used as a factor to gain admission to the University of Texas law school.
		Bakke case that some consideration of race can be used as a factor in admissions.
	www.uwire.com /content/topnews062104003.html (1241 words)

	Howard Ball - The Bakke Case: Race, Education, and Affirmative Action - 0700610464 - Books at BookPicker.com
		Howard Ball - The Bakke Case: Race, Education, and Affirmative Action - 0700610464 - Books at BookPicker.com
		The Bakke Case: Race, Education, and Affirmative Action
		This book is part of the Landmark Law Cases and American Society series.
	bookpicker.com /book/0700610464/The+Bakke+Case:+Race,+Education,+and+Affirmative+Action.html (395 words)

	Bakke - University of California Regents v. Bakke, Busing Ch7 page-116 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		601 is comparable to the showing by Bakke of a violation of the exclusion clause in the same section, which formed the basis for granting relief to Bakke by four of the justices in the majority decision.
		To be sure, the plaintiff-class will counter that Justice Powell's decisive ruling requires that the challenge to the existing federal court busing order be considered in the light of rulings in desegregation cases.
		A contention that such cases support the continued court-ordered busing of these intervenors will be disputed by the dissenting students in their next point in this trial brief.
	www.enstrom-foundation.org /Book/Ch7/Ch7-p116.html (264 words)

	The Bakke Case: Quotas in College Admissions (Landmark Supreme Court Cases) by Susan Banfield - 0894909681 : PDXBooks (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Bakke Case: Quotas in College Admissions (Landmark Supreme Court Cases) by Susan Banfield - 0894909681 : PDXBooks
		It is written in a very chronilogial order, which is very helpful for notes and understanding the judicial process behind this case.The information on Bakke and the other people involved in very good.
		I would recommend this book to anyone studying or interested in Affirmative Action and/or the Bakke Case, although it may be a little young for some.
	pdxbooks.com /compare/0894909681 (201 words)

	Bakke Case
		The purpose of this exercise is to analyze the types of evidence and arguments used in the Bakke case, which was heard before the U.
		In the search box simply type in "Bakke." This will lead to links for the oral arguments presented when the case was heard in October and statements by several of the Justices as they read from their opinions in June at http://court.it-services.nwu.edu/oyez/cases/search.pl/.
		In the classical model of the judicial speech, the narration focus on establishing the background of a case at hand.
	www.zap.org /terdoyle/pubspeak/organize/bakke.html (320 words)

	Encyclopedia: Bakke case (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Updated 202 days 1 hour 33 minutes ago.
		Bakke, 438 U.S.) was a landmark decision of the Supreme Court of the United States.
		It bars quota systems in college admissions but affirms the constitutionality of programs giving advantage to underrepresented minorities.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Bakke-case (127 words)

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