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Topic: Baleen Plates

	Baleen, Alaska Science Forum
		The 600 or so plates of baleen carried in the upper jaw of a bowhead whale were so valuable during the heyday of whaling that the take from a single whale could pay the expenses of an entire voyage, leaving all else for profit.
		Baleen plates ranging in length up to ten feet are attached by one end to the upper jaw so that they hang down on either side of the whale's massive tongue.
		To feed, the baleen whale swims with open mouth through swarms of small creatures known as water fleas or schools of somewhat larger shrimp-like crustacea--the small creatures baleen whale eat are collectively called krill.
	www.gi.alaska.edu /ScienceForum/ASF2/235.html (295 words)

	Whale Classification of Whales Baleen Whales Toothed Whales
		Baleen whales are sometimes called "mustached whales." The name refers to the series of baleen plates in gums along each side of the whale's upper jaw.
		Baleen whales, some of which are the largest animals to have ever lived on earth, eat some of the smallest, most abundant life in the oceans: plankton.
		Baleen whales tend to be solitary animals, traveling alone or in small groups.
	www.whaleroute.com /class (354 words)

	Baleen Whales: Diet and Eating Habits
		A baleen whale's skull shape, jaw size, and baleen plates determine the type of prey it catches and eats.
		Water and food enter through a gap in the front baleen plates, and food is caught in the matted baleen fringes inside.
		A baleen whale probably uses its tongue for moving food trapped inside the baleen, for squeezing water out of the mouth, and for swallowing.
	www.seaworld.org /infobooks/Baleen/dietbw.html (722 words)

	Baleen Whales
		Baleen whales are usually largest of the two types of whales.
		Baleen whales' bodies are usually light gray to brown or fl on top with a lighter underside.
		Baleen plates range in color from fl to yellow or white, depending on the species.
	projects.edtech.sandi.net /brooklyn/whales/generalinfo/baleenwhale.htm (462 words)

	More about Baleen Whales (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Baleen whales were named for the long plates of baleen which hang in a row (like the teeth of a comb) from their upper jaws.
		Baleen plates are strong and flexible; they are made of a protein similar to human fingernails.
		Baleen plates are broad at the base (gumline) and taper into a fringe which forms a curtain or mat inside the whale's mouth.
	nmml.afsc.noaa.gov /education/cetaceans/baleen2.htm (238 words)

	baleen - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Baleen, also called whalebone, a hard, horny substance that grows in long plates in the upper jaws of toothless whales, also known as baleen whales....
		Baleen whales are named for the long, horny plates of baleen, also known as whalebone, that are attached to the roof of the mouth.
		Baleen (also called whalebone) is a substance made of keratin and is therefore stiff but somewhat elastic.
	encarta.msn.com /baleen.html (198 words)

	Baleen.eu
		Baleen makes up baleen plates, which are arranged in two parallel rows that look like combs of thick hair; they are attached to the upper jaws of baleen whales.
		Currently, baleen is believed to have evolved around thirty million years ago, possibly from a creature with a hard, gummy upper jaw, similar to that found on Dall's porpoise today, which are, at a microscopic level, almost identical to baleen.
		Baleen was commonly used to crease paper; its flexibility keeps it from damaging the paper.
	www.baleen.eu (493 words)

	Migration of the Southern Humpback Whales (Site not responding. Last check: )
		There are as many as 300 to 400 baleen plates on either side of their mouth, which act as a filter separating the krill from the sea water.
		Baleen, which is made of keratin just like our fingernails, is an extremely efficient sieving device for catching the many tons of krill needed to sustain them on their long migratory journey to the sub tropics and back.
		The formation of rudimentary baleen plates, which occur concurrently with tooth bud degradation, may be induced by the process of tooth bud resorption (Ishikawa and Amasaki, 1995).
	www.oceania.org.au /education/migration/page3.html (238 words)

	Baleen Whales: Physical Characteristics
		The forelimbs of baleen whales are pectoral flippers.
		Baleen plates arise in the fetus as thickenings of skin on the upper jaw.
		Rorqual baleen arrangements range from the blue whale, with 260 to 400 plates that reach 91 cm (3 ft.) on each side, to the Minke whale, which has 230 to 360, 12 to 20 cm (5 to 8 in.) plates on each side.
	www.seaworld.org /infobooks/Baleen/phycharbw.html (1529 words)

	Glacier Bay Alaska - Whale Watching Tours with Fairweather Adventures
		Baleen is a comb-like structure in a whale's mouth that acts as a filter during feeding, it hangs from the upper jaw.
		Baleen whales feed by swimming with their mouth open or by racing forward and gulping in water and fish.
		Baleen plates range from white (or yellow) to fl, depending on the species of whale.
	www.fishglacierbay.com /AboutWhales1-1.htm (2120 words)

	Blue Whale - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The whale then partially closes its mouth, leaving a small gap, and forces water past 270 to 390 pairs of wide, fl, fringed baleen plates that hang from the roof of the mouth.
		The plates act as a sieve, catching food inside the fringes.
		Blue whales were heavily hunted for oil, baleen, meat, and other products from the 1930s to the 1960s.
	ca.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761579739/Blue_Whale.html (473 words)

	JAIC 1993, Volume 32, Number 3, Article 1 (pp. 213 to 230)
		Once the baleen plates were cut into predetermined sizes and soaked for several weeks, smaller strands were prepared for weaving by peeling thin strips from a larger, thicker one; the parallel alignment of fibrils in the baleen plate facilitates this process.
		The identification of baleen as the material used for the sword hilts and the substrate of the battle axe handles on the Japanese helmet was based upon the similarities of their physical and optical properties to those of known baleen samples and the knowledge that baleen was used in Japanese arms and armor.
		Baleen artifacts in museum collections today generally are in good condition, but their state of preservation depends on whether the raw material was dyed, worked, or coated and on how it has been stored throughout its lifetime.
	aic.stanford.edu /jaic/articles/jaic32-03-001.html (7039 words)

	Whale,Mammals,Whale Picture,Mammal Pictures,Catalog,Encyclopedia
		Instead, they possess a row of fringed plates of baleen (whalebone), which is a keratinaceous (horny) material developed from the gums.
		The fringed plates of baleen act as a filter, or sieve, straining small marine organisms from the water.
		The baleen whales are primarily plankton feeders and derive most of their nourishment from marine organisms that may be only a few millimeters (several hundredths of an inch) in length.
	www.4to40.com /earth/geography/htm/mammalsindex.asp?counter=165 (1037 words)

	The Feeding of the Baleen Whales (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In the evolvement of the baleen whales, the baleen emerged as the teeth disappeared.
		Using the baleen to sieve the krill out of the sea water is the most efficient feeding method, since the krill is only a few centimeters long but abound in several thousand million tons in the Antarctic.
		When the jaws are fully opened, the baleen stretches beyond the bottom of the oral cavity; when the jaws are closed, the tip of the baleens are rolled inward in the oral cavity.
	luna.pos.to /whale/icr_prel_feed.html (608 words)

	The Riverhead Foundation for Marine Research and Preservation
		Baleen whales are named for the keratinous plates of baleen which hang from their upper jaw.
		The baleen plates of these whales are white in front and grayish-white in the back, and they have approximately 260-480 baleen plates per side.
		These plates may reach lengths around 27 inches, and are used to filter the krill, copepods, invertebrates, crustaceans, and capelin that they feed on out of the water.
	www.riverheadfoundation.org /edu/content.asp?code=Cetaceans (1802 words)

	Cap'n Fish's Whale Watch - Whales
		As a baleen whale, it has a series of 270-400 fringed overlapping plates hanging from each side of the upper jaw, where teeth might otherwise be located.
		As the mouth closes water is expelled through the baleen plates, which trap the food on the inside near the tongue to be swallowed.
		Minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) are baleen whales (Suborder Mysticeti).
	www.mainewhales.com /d_cf_whales.htm (3686 words)

	Baleen whales - Enchanted Learning Software
		Baleen whales have baleen plates instead of teeth, which they use to filter small particles of food.
		Baleen is a sieve-like device made of keratin (the same substance that fingernails and hair are made of).
		The inside of the baleen is edged with hairy plates that filter krill (tiny crustaceans), plankton (small animals and plants that float with ocean currents), and small fish.
	www.enchantedlearning.com /subjects/whales/classification/Baleen.shtml (633 words)

	JAIC 1993, Volume 32, Number 3, Article 1 (pp. 213 to 230)
		Baleen is a flexible horn-like material that grows in plates from the upper jaw of the Mysticeti (fig.
		Sheets of baleen can vary in quantity and size depending on the age and species of the whale; bowhead whales are especially known for long baleen plates, which can exceed 700 in number.
		A plate of baleen is composed of a sandwich-like, three-part structure: a central section of tubules in a cementing keratin matrix, flanked by a horny covering.
	aic.stanford.edu /jaic/articles/jaic32-03-001_2.html (1180 words)

	Baleen Whales
		Baleen whales have plates of baleen growing down from the upper jaw, in rows down each side of the mouth.
		Baleen whales in the northern hemisphere are usually slightly smaller than those found in the southern hemisphere.
		Baleen whales use their pectoral flippers (front) to steer and, with the help of the flukes, to stop.
	www.kidcyber.com.au /topics/whale2.htm (557 words)

	Humpbacks
		Baleen whales have been detected from hundreds of miles away and it is thought that even distances of thousands of miles are possible.
		Baleen plates are shaped like thin, long triangles, which grow down from the gum (although they are not related to teeth).
		Internally the baleen is composed of minute elongate tubes that are exposed as hairs along the worn inner edge of the plate.
	www.ms-starship.com /sciencenew/humpbacks.htm (2337 words)

	Animal Portal - Baleen Whales
		The main difference between toothed and baleen whales is that baleen whales have no teeth at all but instead have baleen plates they use for collecting food.
		Baleens are thin, long, somewhat triangular plates of keratin (the same material human hair and finger nails are made of) that grow down out of the skin covering the upper jaw.
		The bowhead whale has the largest baleen: 650-720 dark baleen plates which are up to 30 cm wide and up to 430 cm long.
	www.animalport.com /animals/Baleen-Whales.html (661 words)

	Animal Pictures Archive: Animal Photo Album
		s are characterized by having baleen plates for filtering food from water, rather than having teeth.
		s were hunted commercially for their oil and baleen.
		Baleen was used to stiffen corsets, as parasol ribs and to crease paper.
	www.animalpicturesarchive.com /view.php?tid=2&did=365607 (470 words)

	WhaleTimes:Colossal Dictionary
		baleen: Baleen hangs from the upper jaw of a mysticete (baleen whale).
		Baleen plates may be wide and long, but compared to the size of the animal they are not very thick.
		Archaeoceti (prehistoric whales); Mysticeti (baleen whales); and Odontoceti (toothed whales).
	www.whaletimes.org /whadict.htm (4355 words)

	Provincetown Center for Coastal Studies \| Stellwagen Bank \| Baleen Whales
		Each plate of baleen consists of long flexible hairs bound together by connective tissue and embedded in the upper gum.
		This reflects different feeding styles and food types: short baleen plates with a coarse fringe describes a fish-eating whale; long plates with a fine, silky fringe allow others to hunt smaller animals such as zooplankton.
		Studies of minkes in other areas indicate that their diet may be more diverse than other local baleen whales, taking advantage of whatever is abundant in a given area or given time: copepods, krill, capelin, herring, sand lance and squid.
	www.coastalstudies.org /what-we-do/stellwagen-bank/baleen-whales.htm (3096 words)

	New Bedford Whaling Museum \| Research
		Baleen is the keratin plates in the mouths of the odontocete or so-called baleen whales, which includes all of the great whale species except sperm whales.
		As applied to scrimshaw, baleen tends to be sinewy, brittle, and in many ways difficult to work; it is also vulnerable to larvae parasites.
		Baleen had many commercial applications, but a baleen surplus in Holland in the 17th century eroded its commercial value, affording mariners an opportunity to obtain pieces of baleen for their own use.
	www.whalingmuseum.org /kendall/amwhale/am_scrim.html (1456 words)

	Origins and Adaptations of Mysticetes: Geology Department, University of Otago, New Zealand
		Baleen plates hang from the upper jaw in a uniquely constructed skull.
		Like modern species, these had baleen in the thin flat upper jaw and a cylindrical toothless lower jaw, but otherwise they were quite primitive in structure.
		There are no good fossils for two distinctive living baleen whales, each of which is placed in its own family: the gray whale (Eschrichtiidae), and the pygmy right whale (Neobalaenidae).
	www.otago.ac.nz /geology/features/paleontology/whales.htm (914 words)

	Discovering Whales - The Minke Whale
		Baleen plates are found on each side of the upper jaw.
		The plates numbering between 230 to 360 are short 20-30cm (8-12in) in length and about 12cm (5in) in width.
		The colour of the plates vary from region to region; in the North Atlantic, it tends to be creamy white; in the North Pacific, it is usually creamy yellow; and in the Southern hemisphere it is creamy white at the front and dark grey at the back.
	www.omplace.com /omsites/discover/MINKE/minkeg.html (528 words)

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