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Topic: Balinese Hinduism

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	Agama Hindu Dharma - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Balinese Hinduism is deeply interwoven with art and ritual, and is less closely preoccupied with scripture, law, and belief than Islam in Indonesia.
		Balinese religion is hierarchically organized, with one small segment of the aristocracy – the brahmin, or priestly, class – being the most prestigious.
		Among the non-Bali communities considered to be Hindu by the government are, for example, the Dayak adherents of the Kaharingan religion in Kalimantan Tengah, where government statistics counted Hindus as 15.8 percent of the population as of 1995.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Balinese_Hinduism (1287 words)

	Agama Hindu Dharma -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Balinese Hinduism is deeply interwoven with art and ritual, and is less closely preoccupied with scripture, law, and belief than (additional info and facts about Islam in Indonesia) Islam in Indonesia.
		Balinese Hinduism lacks the traditional Hindu emphasis on cycles of rebirth and reincarnation, but instead is concerned with a myriad of local and ancestral spirits.
		Balinese religion is hierarchically organized, with one small segment of the aristocracy – the (A member of the highest of the four Hindu varnas) brahmin, or priestly, class – being the most prestigious.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/a/ag/agama_hindu_dharma.htm (1756 words)

	Hinduism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		To the Hindu, this idea has been an active force in defining the 'Eternal Dharma.' It has been for Hinduism what the infinite Divine Self of Advaita is to existence, remaining forever unchanged and self-luminous, central and pervasive, in spite of all the chaos and flux around it.
		Hinduism rests on the spiritual bedrock of the Vedas, hence Veda Dharma, and their mystic issue, the Upanishads, as well as the teachings of many great Hindu guru s through the ages.
		The post-Vedic Hindu scriptures form the latter category, the most notable of which are the Mahabharata and the Ramayana, major epic s considered scripture by most followers of Sanatana Dharma, their stories arguably familiar to the vast majoriy of Hindus living in the Indian subcontinent, if not abroad.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Hinduism.html (4315 words)

	bali tradition and religions - bali hinduism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Balinese Hinduism, called Agama Hindu Dharma, originated from Java and is a blend of Shivaism and Buddhism.
		In Balinese Hinduism, the indigenous beliefs manifest in the belief that nature is "power" and each element is subject to influence from spirits.
		Balinese rituals are ruled by a complex calendar system, a combination of the Indian Saka calendar and the Wuku calendar.
	www.baliadvertising.com /tradition/bali_hinduism.shtml (953 words)

	BALINESE HINDUISM Zack's Indonesia Bali Travel pages - Indonesia-Bali.com \| all Information about bali, bali hinduism, ...
		Hinduism and Buddhism arrived in Bali partly via Java and partly direct from India, between the 8th and 16th centuries.
		Balinese society is separated into four main groups: brahmana, satriya, wesya and anak jaba or sudra, which are in turn subdivided into many more.
		Balinese Hinduism encompasses a vast range of practices and doctrines, dominated by Siwaitic characteristics.
	www.indonesia-bali.com /bali_hindu.htm (1780 words)

	Balinese mythology - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Balinese mythology is the traditional mythology of the people of the Indonesian island of Bali, before the majority adoption of Hinduism.
		Balinese mythology is mainly a kind of animism with some widely-known characters and deities.
		Many themes of Balinese mythology have been adapted and worked into current Balinese Hinduism.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Balinese_mythology (249 words)

	Bali Hotels and Resort - Bali Information and Online Booking
		Balinese Hinduism called Agama Hindu Dharma is a blend of Shivaism and Buddhism originating from classical Java and is the primary religion of the Balinese.
		Balinese Hinduism revolves around this kaja-kelod axis and determines the spatial organization of rituals, architecture and daily life.
		Hinduism acknowledges five pillars of faith, respectively belief in the one Supreme God (Sanghyang Widhi Waça), belief in the soul as the universal principle of life and consciousness (Atma), the belief in the fruition of one’s deeds (Karma Phala), belief in the process of birth and death (Samsara) and belief in ultimate release (Moksa).
	www.asiahotels.net /bali-islandhotels/information1.htm (1255 words)

	Murni's in Bali: Online Shop
		Balinese dead do not have to be cremated immediately (except for priests and members of the royal family).
		Balinese churches are entered through a traditional split gate, the candi bentar, and worshippers face the sacred direction, kaja.
		A pious Balinese leads a busy and crowded life full of rites and ceremonies, whose purpose is to cleanse the unclean, reconcile the irreconcilable, worship, appease, avert danger, obtain nourishment and secure a happy life after death and a good reincarnation.
	www.murnis.com /culture/articlebalinesereligion.htm (5778 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Hinduism is at least 3,000 years old and dates from the creation of the Vedas, compilations of prayers, hymns, and other religious writings.
		A Balinese with hands together at the hips is praying to Sanghyang Kala, Shiva, the Destroyer; with hands at chest level the prayer is to a dead family member; hands held in front of the forehead indicate prayer to Sanghyang Widhi, the Supreme God.
		Most Balinese concentrate their worship on Shiva, God's manifestation as destroyer, since it is he who is most often seen and felt by the people through suffering and sickness.
	www.balix.com /travel/guide/chapters/religion/religion.html (2584 words)

	AsiaFinest Discussion Forum -> Hinduism in Southeast Asia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Hinduism in Southeast Asia influenced the Champa kingdom in Vietnam, the Srivijayan kingdom on Sumatra, the Singhasari kingdom and the Majapahit Empire based in Java, Bali, and a number of the islands of the Philippine archipelago.
		The resurgence of Hinduism in Indonesia is led by Balinese Hindus.
		The Dayak Hinduism is allied to the Balinese Hinduism.
	www.asiafinest.com /forum/index.php?showtopic=21252 (3560 words)

	Research Project on Hindu Dharma Indonesia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Precursors of this contemporary movement were a couple of religious organisations which were founded by Balinese in the 1920's as a result of the encounter between the Dutch colonial power and the "Hindu" population of Bali.
		Like the reform movement of Indonesian Islam or of Indian Hinduism in the 19th century, the "Hindu-Balinese" reform sects of the early 20th century were inspired by European ideas of public education as well as social welfare and tried to "purify" their religious tradition by getting rid of obsolete customary "aberrations".
		This re-interpretation of the "theology" of Balinese Hinduism was finally accepted, and in 1962 "Hinduism" was acknowledged as one of Indonesia's religions by the Department of Religious Affairs.
	iias.leidenuniv.nl /iias/research/ramstedt/ramsproj.html (929 words)

	Hinduism Today \| Bali \| July/August/September, 2003
		The Balinese Hindus, a minority in Indonesia, the world's largest Muslim nation, worry that they would be overrun by poor Javanese flooding the labor market of their world famous tourist industry.
		Balinese and Muslims frequently marry, and in some villages the local brand of Islam is so mixed with Hinduism that the Muslim farmers make offerings to Dewi Sri, the Goddess of rice.
		While these aspects of Balinese Hinduism remain strong, there is a strong interest in the Hinduism of India, with India substituting for Mecca as the holy land.
	www.hinduism-today.com /archives/2003/7-9/28-31_bali.shtml (2333 words)

	Indonesia - Hinduism
		Hinduism is an amalgam of related traditions and cults that seeks to explain cosmology in primarily deistic terms.
		It is difficult to describe the Balinese version of Hinduism in the same doctrinal terms as Islam and Christianity, since this unique form of religious expression is deeply interwoven with art and ritual, and is less closely preoccupied with scripture, law, and belief.
		Balinese religion is hierarchically organized, with one small segment of the aristocracy--the Brahman, or priestly, class--being the most prestigious.
	countrystudies.us /indonesia/39.htm (585 words)

	Bali
		Balinese is an Austronesian language of the Malayo-Javanic Subgroup.
		Balinese has levels of speech that require speakers to adjust vocabulary to their relative caste position and reflect feelings about both the person spoken to and the subject matter spoken about.
		Balinese individuals and kin groups identify themselves as being members of one of four hereditary caste groups.
	www.sscnet.ucla.edu /anthro/faculty/fiske/135b/balinese.htm (2099 words)

	Open Directory - Society: Religion and Spirituality: Hinduism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Hindu Caste System - An article by Dr. Subhash C. Sharma on the natural evolution of various professions in ancient India before and during Vedic times, explaining that the original Hindu vocations were not based on heredity or birth.
		Hinduism: The main religion of India - A brief introduction to Hinduism, Ramayana, and Hindu reformers.
		Satya Sanatana Dharma - Hinduism as Sanatana Dharma, worship of Sadhasiva and the unity of Kali and Krishna.
	dmoz.org /Society/Religion_and_Spirituality/Hinduism (1425 words)

	Indo-Bali Bond
		At one time Hinduism was the predominant religion in Indonesia (witness the many great Hindu monuments in Java) but it died out with the spread of Islam through the archipelago.
		Hindu Dharma is a special blend of Hinduism, Buddhism and ancestral worship, which has flourished over the past centuries.
		One area Balinese have to exploit to the maximum is the fishing industry and seaweed farming.
	www.hvk.org /articles/0204/111.html (1395 words)

	Balinese Hinduism : The Religion - Bali Sweet Home (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		That's the reason why Balinese Hinduism is not exactly the same as Indian Hinduism although the religion came originally from India.
		The Panca Yadnya (the five sacred rituals) are performed by Balinese Hindus in their daily life on all aspects of life such as education, economy, agriculture, security, industry and art.
		Balinese are also highly cultured people in term of art, as each yadnya or Hindu holy ritual is very often followed by artistical performances to entertain those who assist or participate in the sacred rituals either in dances, music, paintings, or in songs.
	www.balisweethome.com /unique/unique.php?id=2 (1091 words)

	The Jakarta Post - The Journal of Indonesia Today (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		In 1961, the area was a venue of a historic meeting of Hindu high priests, which gave birth to the Campuhan Charter, the foundation of modern Balinese Hinduism.
		In those meetings the Lokasabha Council's executives claimed that the council's main concern was the preservation of Balinese Hinduism; that it also tried to protect the basic foundation of the island's culture.
		And since the Indonesian Hindu Council and Bali Hindu Council control various assets and properties, worth hundreds of billions of rupiah, one would be justified in asking whether the conflict is also economically motivated.
	www.thejakartapost.com /detailreview2001.asp?fileid=20011227.L15 (1559 words)

	The greatest Bali travel report on the net! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Hinduism came to Bali by a relatively direct route, by way of Java, in the first century A.D. In general Balinese Hinduism differs only marginally from its Indian prototype, though it has a much less rigid caste system.
		The idea of Hinduism is based the confrontation of sky and earth, sun and moon, day and night, Gods and demons, life and death, light and darkness, pure and unclean, good and evil.
		The symbol of the religious beliefs of the Balinese Hinduism is the lotus blossom, the form of which is seen as an image of the world.
	bali.skynet.be /religion.htm (878 words)

	Origins of the Balinese caste structure :: Bali Travel Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Hinduism is a religion that developed out of the way of life of the people living on the banks of the Indus river in India and Hinduism came to Indonesia many centuries ago.
		As far as Bali is concerned the 3 big events that pushed Hinduism to the fore were the marriage of the Balinese king Udayana to Princess Mahendra from East Java, at the end of the 10th century thus bringing the 2 areas together.
		Jero is the name given by some Balinese to a child of a nobleman and a commoner and maybe this is a way of saying, I can see you carrying wood in the village but I give you the credit that you came from a nobleman.
	www.baliblog.com /05-03/origins-of-the-balinese-caste-structure.html (1684 words)

	Wanderings - Balinese Odalan
		The Balinese, however, were patient with my mistakes, guiding me through the process without, I hope, offending any gods.
		These are exactly what the Balinese present to their gods, and present with devotion, many times a day; on shrines, on car dashboards, even on the ground.
		The Balinese sing for their gods, clean for their gods, make beautiful buildings for their gods.
	glennh.tripod.com /wa_bali_cerem2.htm (452 words)

	Regions Central Asia - IIAS Newsletter Online (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		On 16 and 17 September 1999 the IIAS seminar 'Hinduism' in modern Indonesia' was held in Leiden.
		The paper stressed the idea of the universalism of Hinduism (and the common ancestry of India and Indonesia), and highlighted a number of contacts between Indonesia and India in the post-colonial era.
		In the final session, ''Hinduism' and Local Identity vis-à-vis Islam and Christianity', Gerard Persoon (Universiteit Leiden) discussed the local religion of a small ethnic group on the island of Siberut (West Sumatra).
	iias.leidenuniv.nl /iiasn/21/regions/21SEA5.html (1058 words)

	Australian Journal of Anthropology, The: Leo Howe. Hinduism and Hierarchy in Bali (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Hinduism and Hierarchy in Bali is a study of religion and society on the Indonesian island of Bali.
		Leo Howe's description of the complex changes that Balinese religion and society have experienced in recent decades, of emerging new forms of religion and religiosity and their meanings, and of associated negotiations of identity draws on ethnographic research carried out over two decades, beginning in 1978.
		As a broadly conceived and yet succinct synthesis of recent research on Hindu religion and hierarchical social relations in Bali it will be valuable also to students who are new to the field of Balinese studies and for theoretically interested scholars whose main ethnographic concern may lie elsewhere.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m2472/is_2_15/ai_n6121847 (857 words)

	Bali Calendar Information
		Balinese practice their Hindu differently from those originated in India.
		Much of its astonishment, Hinduism blossom in this island for centuries and have surpassed the influx of Islam that flooded to its neighboring islands.
		Though Balinese Hinduism shares the same conceptual from those of India, the daily practice and tradition are very much different.
	www.batukaru.info /calendar (376 words)

	Adherents.com
		Balinese call their religion agama Hindu-Bali, meaning Hindu-Balinese religion; they also call it agama tirtha, meaning 'religion of the water,' thus indicating the central importance of consecrated water prepared by Brahmin priests (pedanda) for all major rituals.
		Hinduism has survived in Bali eer since, and today 95% of the Balinese are Hindus...
		Balinese Hinduism has strong elements of Buddhism, animism, and ancestor worship, and it permeates all aspects of everyday life...
	www.adherents.com /Na/Na_64.html (2247 words)

	THE TEMPLE Zack's Indonesia Bali Travel pages - Indonesia-Bali.com \| Above all, the Balinese temple is a sacred space ...
		Above all, the Balinese temple is a sacred space in which the deities are honored with rituals and offerings.
		Throughout much of the year they lie eerily deserted, but on the date of their anniversary festival they come to life in a brief but glorious burst of activity, as the congregation adorns the temple with beautiful ornaments and arrives bearing elaborate gifts, dressed in their finest apparel.
		A particularly striking structure is the meru or Balinese pagoda, which has an odd number of roofs, up to a maximum of eleven.
	www.indonesia-bali.com /the_temple.htm (922 words)

	Lukol.com - Society Religion and Spirituality Hinduism
		Subhash C. Sharma on the natural evolution of various professions in ancient India, explaining that the original Hindu vocations were not based on heredity or birth.
		Hinduism as Sanatana Dharma, worship of Sadhasiva and the unity of Kali and Krishna.
		Hindu directory, with links to resources on ashrams, teachers, events, publications, philosophy, deities, arts, pilgrimages, and non violence.
	www.lukol.com /Top/Society/Religion_and_Spirituality/Hinduism (971 words)

	Balinese Animism :: Bali Travel Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Bali is for the most part a Hindu island with the form of that religion being known as Agama Hindu.
		Balinese Hinduism differs greatly from Indian Hinduism in the ceremonies, the offerings and mostly with the strong influences from the older beliefs that refused to go away.
		Balinese people think dogs can spot ghosts and keep them away from the house, so its great to have a pack of barking dogs around.
	www.baliblog.com /05-06/balinese-animism.html (527 words)

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