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Topic: Balkan League

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	Balkan League - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Balkan League refers to the alliance of Serbia, Montenegro, Greece and Bulgaria against the Ottoman Empire during the Balkan Wars.
		France, perceiving in the League a plan to impose Russian dominance on the Balkans, found itself allied with Austria-Hungary, itself unwilling to see a large Serbian state emerge on its southern border, and rallied the other Powers to issue a stern warning to the Balkan states.
		However, the opportunity was too good to be missed by the Balkan League, as the Ottoman Empire was weak and riddled with internal strife.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Balkan_League (400 words)

	First Balkan War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		During the course of the Balkan Wars the Balkan League (Serbia, Montenegro, Greece, and Bulgaria) first conquered Ottoman-held Macedonia and most of Thrace and then fell out over the division of the spoils.
		Tensions among the Balkan states over their rival aspirations in Roumelia, E. Roumelia, Thrace and Macedonia subsided somewhat following intervention by the Great Powers in the mid-1800s aimed at securing both fuller protection for the provinces' Christian majority and protection of the status quo.
		The Greeks took Thessaloniki, then Albania, Epirus, Macedonia and Thrace fell to the allies and the Ottomans were pressed to maintain the defense of Constantinople.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/First_Balkan_War (306 words)

	Carl Savich \| Columns \| serbianna.com
		The Balkan League resulted because of the failure of the Treaty of San Stefano and the Treaty of Berlin to resolve the issue of Macedonia.
		The Balkan League emerged because: 1) the Young Turks wanted to enforce a centralized authority and to retain Turkish control in Macedonia; and, 2) was a reaction to the annexation of Bosnia-Hercegovina by Austria-Hungary in 1908 in violation of the Treaty of Berlin.
		The Balkan League plan of attack was to divide the Turkish forces and to defeat them in detail, to divide and “defeat in detail” as Edward Erickson noted.
	www.serbianna.com /columns/savich/053.html (8914 words)

	Balkan Opportunities (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The northern border of the Balkan peninsula is generally considered be the line formed by the Danube, Sava and Kupa rivers and a segment connecting the spring of the Kupa with the Kvarner Bay.
		The Balkan region was the first area of Europe to experience the arrival of farming cultures in the Neolithic era.
		The Balkan nations began to regain their independence in the 19th century, and in 1912-1913 a Balkan League reduced Turkey's territory to its present extent in the Balkan Wars.
	www.balkans.mehedinti.info (2331 words)

	SHMEION ANAFORAS - POINT OF REFERENCE - SUMMER 1998 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A sub-committee was formed to examine the possibility of a Balkan League or a regional formation for the purpose of assuring general security.
		The spirit of general goodwill created in the Balkans was clearly expressed by Ataturk during an informal reception of Balkan journalists in Ankara in the spring of 1938.
		As this promotion of a broad spirit of pacification in the Balkans has been mainly the result of cooperation among journalists, it is a significant example of what a beneficial influence the press is capable of exerting if it deliberately chooses to unite instead of to divide.
	www.hri.org /por/Summer98/story11.html (1744 words)

	PlanetPapers - How Nationalism in the Balkans Contributed to the Outbeak of WW1
		The Balkan peninsula was that of great importance due to its territorial and economic significance; however, the Balkan States consisted of many proud ethnic cultures who did not wish to be ruled by any authority other than themselves.
		Up until the early 20th century, the Balkan States were controlled by the Ottoman Empire; however, due to the decline of their power and prestige, the Balkan States found an opportunity to gain independence.
		Although the Balkans were somewhat unimportant in relation to more powerful countries of the time, they managed to play an important part in the history of Europe through their determination.
	www.planetpapers.com /Assets/629.php (855 words)

	Balkan League -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Ostensibly created to limit increasing Austrian power in the Balkans, the league was actually formed at the instigation of Russia in order to expel the Turks from the Balkans.
		The ships came from north German cities belonging to the Hanseatic League, which was at war with the king of Denmark.
		It was founded in 1920 as part of the settlement that ended World War I. Weakened from the start by the refusal of the United States to join, the organization proved ineffective in defusing the hostilities that led to World War II in 1939.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9011970 (829 words)

	the Balkan Wars (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The independent Balkan nations were eager to liberate Macedonia and Albania, in part to destroy the notion of an independent nation of Albania, and possibly increase the size of their lands.
		The alliance of Balkan nations was known as the Balkan League.
		The nations of the Balkan League met with Turkey at the London Peace conference to discuss a treaty and end the war.
	students.spsu.edu /tmorley (1314 words)

	History - Albanian Armed Conflicts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Prizren League worked to gain autonomy for the Albanians and to thwart implementation of the Treaty of San Stefano (an abortive treaty between Russian and the Ottoman Empire, signed on March 3, 1878, which assigned Albanian-populated lands to Serbia, Montenegro, and Bulgaria), but not to create an independent Albania.
		The First Balkan War was fought between the members of the Balkan League--Serbia, Bulgaria, Greece, and Montenegro--and the Ottoman Empire.
		The Balkan League was formed under Russian auspices in the spring of 1912 to take Macedonia away from Turkey, which was already involved in a war with Italy.
	home1.gte.net /vze7b2yg/id60.html (5667 words)

	Balkan
		Balkan Wars has the look of being cobbled together from the out-takes of recent S&T games, notably Seven Years War (Diplomacy rules) and White Eagle Eastward (shock rules) all put together with the customary S&T finish.
		Politicians are often more interested in power than winning, the current Balkan War would be long over if the politicians were able to judge when the tide turned and call an armistice.
		If neither Salonika, Belgrade or Skopje are Bulgarian controlled and the Balkan league controls more towns within 1913 Bulgaria that Bulgaria controls outside it's borders; Romania intervenes against Bulgaria.
	www.geocities.com /TimesSquare/Battlefield/8948/Balkan.html (1372 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - Balkan League
		The purpose of the Balkan League was to end Ottoman...
		Romania : wars: war between Balkan League and Turkey, 1912
		Achaean League, Aetolian League, Amphictyonic League, Boeotian League, Delian League
	encarta.msn.com /Balkan_League.html (110 words)

	TEN YEARS OF THE ALBANIAN AMERICAN CIVIC LEAGUE [Free Republic]
		March The Civic League goes to Albania with the National Republican Institute to monitor the first election in Albania and is the first organization to declare the Communist Party victory illegal and the elections a sham.
		October The Civic League holds a rally in Manhattan, marching from the United Nations to the office of U.S. Special Envoy to the Balkans Richard Holbrooke, to protest Holbrooke's entering into the October agreement with Milosevic-a diplomatic holding pattern that would lead to the infamous massacre of Albanians at Recak.
		February The Civic League issues a public declaration, "In Defense of the Albanian National Cause," in which it announces its support for the Kosova Liberation Army and condemns the neo- Communist government of Fatos Nano for its corrupt politics and abandonment of the Albanian national cause.
	www.freerepublic.com /forum/a3b522f44523c.htm (8619 words)

	Macedonia - What Went Wrong in the Last 200 Years - Part V - The Young Turk Uprising and the Balkan Wars of 1912-1913 ...
		The “Balkan League of Nations” was spawned in June 1912 and shortly after Turkey was given a signed ultimatum bearing the League’s signature, which in short, read “deliver the promised reforms in Macedonia or prepare to be invaded”.
		The League was viewed as an anti-German front, a way of ejecting the Ottoman regime from Europe and at the same time, safeguarding (British, French and Italian) interests and expansionary ambitions.
		To stop the League’s aggressive actions, both Britain and France threatened them with economic sanctions but that was not enough to suppress the appetites of the three hungry Balkan wolves.
	www.maknews.com /html/articles/stefov/stefov9.html (6252 words)

	THE FORMATION OF THE BALKAN ALLIANCE OF 1912.
		The negotiations through which the league between Bulgaria, Serbia, Greece, and Montenegro was formed were carried on in the latter part of 1911 and the earlier part of 1912.
		Rumors that such an alliance was being formed were first circulated several months after the conclusion of the more important treaties and definite knowledge that the league existed did not reach European capitals until the eve of the war between the league and Turkey in October, 1911.
		It was necessary to supplement the Bulgar-Serbian and Greco-Bulgarian treaties by military conventions in order to determine the respective military obligations of the parties in the event of war with Turkey.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /acad/intrel/boshtml/bos143.htm (1283 words)

	Timeline Albania
		193 Apr 9, In the Balkans, the distinguished soldier Septimius Seversus was proclaimed emperor by the army in Illyricum.
		The League of Prizren began to organize resistance to the Treaty of Berlin's provisions that affected Albanians.
		Enver Hoxha was the leader of the Balkan nation of Albania from 1944 until 1983.
	timelines.ws /countries/ALBANIA.HTML (6051 words)

	First Balkan War: 1912-1913
		The First Balkan War was started by an alliance made up of Bulgaria, Greece, Serbia, and Montenegro.
		The Balkan League agreed to ally themselves to take the offensive.
		Montenegro's attachment to the league was secured by an informal arrangement with Bulgaria and Greece, and a treaty with Serbia concluded in September 1912.
	www.thenagain.info /WebChron/EastEurope/FirstBalkan.html (417 words)

	Untitled Document
		The Civic League is founded to continue the Congressional agenda of former U.S. Congressman Joe DioGuardi to liberate the seven million Albanian people in the Balkans from hostile Slavic domination and Communism.
		The Civic League goes to Albania with the National Republican Institute to monitor the first election in Albania and is the first organization to declare the Communist Party victory illegal and the elections a sham.
		The Civic League holds a rally in Manhattan, marching from the United Nations to the office of U.S. Special Envoy to the Balkans Richard Holbrooke, to protest Holbrooke's entering into the October agreement with Milosevic-a diplomatic holding pattern that would lead to the infamous massacre of Albanians at Recak.
	www.aacl.com /10years.html (3069 words)

	Glossary#21-99
		In the first Balkan Crisis, Serbia, Bulgaria, Montenegro, and Greece form the Balkan League and defeat the Ottoman Empire.
		In the second Balkan Crisis, Bulgaria was defeated by Greece, Serbia, Romania, and the Ottoman Empire.
		The lands gained in the first Balkan War are mostly divided between Serbia and Greece.
	www.historyteacher.net /EuroProjects/DBQ1998-1999/Glossary21-99.htm (424 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The trend of Balkan events prepared the way by 1930 for the organization of a league among these six small powers which was commonly understood to be formed and promoted chiefly by Mr.
		In 1931, a second meeting of the League was held in Constantinople; a third in 1932 in Bucharest, capital of Rumania; and in 1933, Thessaloniki, a central commercial city but not a Balkan capital city, was chosen as the place of the meeting.
		The Balkan League was rather loosely organized, and perhaps was the better for not attempting too much offhand.
	www.oswego.edu /~baloglou/anatolia/anat-balk.html (531 words)

	The Open Door Web Site : History : The Eastern Question : The Balkan Wars and after
		In 1912, a group of countries formed the Balkan League (Serbia, Bulgaria, Greece and Montenegro).
		The Balkan League attacked Turkey and conquered its remaining European territories.
		These victories led to a Second Balkan War in 1913 when the League fought amongst itself for the rewards just won.
	www.saburchill.com /history/chapters/empires/0065.html (265 words)

	Balkan Wars
		The people of Balkan states had suffered a long and cruel yoke for 5 centuries.
		The christian league was able to field a combined force of 750,000 men.
		The heightened tensions in the Balkans reached their climax in World War I, which was sparked by the assassination of the Austrian heir-apparent by a Serb in Sarajevo, Bosnia, on June 28, 1914.
	members.fortunecity.com /fstav1/megali_idea/balkanwars.html (537 words)

	Balkan wars - Balkans (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Tensions among the Balkan states over their rival aspirations in Macedonia subsided somewhat following intervention by the great Powers in the mid-1900s aimed at securing both fuller protection for the province's Christian majority and protection of the status quo.
		On December 2, the Balkan League signed an armistice with Turkey ending the war.
		An initial peace was concluded at the Treaty of London in May 1913.
	www.balkans.eu.com /wiki/index.php?title=Balkan_wars (594 words)

	Scenarios for TOAW
		The Balkan League went on the offensive again and within days had captured most of the remaining fortresses retained by the Ottomans after the first war.
		After performing the best of all the League members against the Ottomans, Bulgaria felt slighted at not receiving what they perceived as their fair share, particularly in Macedonia.
		The League was not unprepared and within one week were launching their own offensives against Bulgaria.
	www.fortunecity.co.uk /underworld/shoot/68/balkan1913.htm (334 words)

	THE FIRST BALKAN WAR
		The other 3 players are the members of the Balkan League: Serbia, Bulgaria, and Greece.
		SETUP League Divisions are concentrated on their borders.
		LINKS The Balkan Variant Maps of the Balkan Wars The Balkan Wars 25 Lectures on Modern Balkan History
	www.angelfire.com /games2/warpspawn/Balk.html (617 words)

	Grand Prix Online :: Home (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		This league will simulate Formula 1 2005 season,with RH2005 or CTDP 2005 mod (we are yet to decide),and league will feature 50% lenght races with mandatory pit stop.
		League races will be held on Saturdays in CET (European time).
		The league should consist of 10 races maximum,and races will be held during weekend days.
	josh.gp4sound.com /gpo_portal (524 words)

	Balkan League -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust!
		Balkan League -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust!
		The league was victorious, but it disintegrated when its members quarreled over the division of their territorial spoils in Macedonia.
		This dispute resulted in the Second Balkan War, against Bulgaria, in 1913 (see Balkan Wars).
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-9011970 (876 words)

	Balkan soccer league??? - Soccer Fans Network Forums (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		It should be done in the format where the current leagues in each country are kept as competition, whilst a few teams from each country compete in the "Balkan Soccer league."
		We would be one of the major leagues in Europe with the likes of Stankovic/Klasnic/Srna etc playing in a domestic league.
		Now there are so many countries in the Balkans and too many wars to be forgotten, but soccer might help alleviate the pain.
	forums.soccerfansnetwork.com /showthread.php?t=23559 (1450 words)

	Balkan Connection - Business & Opportunities (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		This is a unique opportunity for Austria to present its activities and achievements in the Balkans to the rest of Europe.
		By organizing the Balkan Case Challenge 2006 in Vienna, Austria will be able to highlight that countries of the South-eastern Europe are a part of Europe and as such can both benefit from the economic development of EU and contribute to it.
		We regularly publish poetry from the Balkans and have done several special issues/collections from that area, including a special collection of poetry from all the Balkan nations in 1995, and special issues on Bulgaria, Romania and Macedonia.
	www.balkans.eu.com (3611 words)

	ipedia.com: Balkan Wars Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Balkan Wars were two wars in South-eastern Europe in 1912 - 1913 in the course of which the Balkan League first conquered Ottoman -held Macedonia and most of Thrace and then fell out over the divi...
		Tensions among the Balkan states over their rival aspirations in Macedonia subsided somewhat following intervention by the great Powerss in the mid-1900s aimed at securing both fuller protection for the province's Christian majority and protection of the status quo.
		Defeated by Serbia, Greece, Montenegro, Romania and Turkey in the Second Balkan War, Bulgaria signed an Armistice on July 31, 1913.
	www.ipedia.com /balkan_wars.html (637 words)

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