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Topic: Ballast Key

	Dive site page: Looe Key Reef -LowerKeysDivesites.com:Scuba diving in Paradise, the lower Florida Keys scuba divers ...
		A ballast rock pile and heavily encrusted anchor chain are one the eastern end of the reef, about 200 yeards from Marker 24.
		Looe Key Reef is one of the nicest, most diverse reefs in the Keys.
		Divers should be warned that Looe Key Reef has been designated a SPA area [Sanctuary Preservation Area] and fishing as well as lobstering are strictly prohibited.
	www.lowerkeysdivesites.com /z_panorama/divesites_java.cfm?siteID=44 (1305 words)

	Ballast Scatter at Looe Key
		In October 1993, an archaeological reconnaissance was conducted off the eastern end of Looe Key in the Florida Keys.
		FSU students and staff relocated the ballast scatter, documented its extent and condition and compiled data to be utilized in an attempt to identify the shipwreck from which the ballast scatter was generated.
		However, the presence of copper hull sheathing and the variety of ballast stones discovered, indicate that the wreck may be that of a 19th century merchantman.
	www.anthro.fsu.edu /research/uw/research/ships/ballast_scatter/ballast_scatter.html (232 words)

	Ballast Scatter at Looe Key (Site not responding. Last check: )
		An Archaeological Reconnaissance of Scattered Ballast Rock From an Unknown Shipwreck at Looe Key.
		FSU students and staff relocated the ballast scatter, documented its extent and condition and compiled data to be utilized in an attempt to identify the shipwreck from which the ballast scatter was generated.
		However, the presence of copper hull sheathing and the variety of ballast stones discovered, indicate that the wreck may be that of a 19th century merchantman.
	www.adp.fsu.edu /looekey.html (242 words)

	Bray Yacht Design and Research Ltd. - Ultra Light Displacement Boat
		Ballast is a way of lowering the center of weight while adversely affecting the hull form.
		Ballast really becomes effective at high angles of heel whereas hull form (as in a multihull) is effective at low angles of heel.
		Ballast ratios varied between 8 and 14% with temporary trim ballast used in small amounts to trim the vessel or set the vessel down to it's lines when sailing unloaded.
	www.brayyachtdesign.bc.ca /article_uldb.html (2435 words)

	IK- Key West Enquirer
		She had several passengers on board, who left the vessel and proceeded to Indian Key, all of whom we have since learned, have gone to Charleston in the schr.
		Indian Key is a beautiful island, within a few hours sail of Key West.
		Four canoes of friendly Indians or those accustomed to trading at Indian Key were in that vicinity a few days since, but it is said they received warning not to land and soon after disappeared again.
	www.keyshistory.org /IK-Key-West-Enquirer.html (1029 words)

	Residential Light Fixtures Key Product Criteria : ENERGY STAR
		Ballasts in all fixtures (including portables) must be accessible and removable by an electrician without the cutting of wires and without damage to the fixture housing, trim, decorative elements or the carpentry (e.g., ceiling drywall) to which the fixture is attached.
		Ballasts must be accessible to and removable by an electrician without the cutting of wires and without damage to the fixture housing, trim, decorative elements or the carpentry (e.g.
		If a ballast is present in the fixture, it must be accessible to and removable by an electrician without the cutting of wires and without damage to the fixture housing, trim, decorative elements or the carpentry (e.g., ceiling drywall) to which the fixture is attached.
	www.energystar.gov /index.cfm?c=fixtures.pr_crit_light_fixtures (3375 words)

	Technical briefs, lamps and ballast disposal
		Ballast disposal workers must be provided with special education about hazardous waste handling, and a materials data safety sheet must be available at the site.
		Ballast recycling facilities remove and properly dispose of the PCB-contaminated parts of the ballast and recycle the remaining materials.
		Furthermore, the environmental risks of disposing of the old ballasts are trivial compared to the risks of leaving them in the building and the environmental impacts associated with generating the additional electricity to operate old, inefficient lighting systems.
	www.wapa.gov /es/pubs/techbrf/ballasts.htm (1573 words)

	Lightfair New Product Showcase 2003
		Advance announces three innovations in its CENTIUM ballasts for T5/HO Lighting: IntelliVolt-Hi (347-480 volts) for industrial applications; IntelliVolt (120-277 volts) rated at 90 degrees C for enclosed or high-temperature environments; and Hi-Low Switching (3 and 4 lamp) for frequent switching applications, all meeting Title 24.
		These ballasts offer the same superior characteristics Aromat's Ballasts are known for but now are enclosed in a much smaller casing.
		The ballast is available for 120, 277 or 347 volts in various casing formats.
	www.lightsearch.com /showcase/LF2003/ballasts (484 words)

	NBIC: National Ballast Information Clearinghouse
		The National Ballast Information Clearinghouse (NBIC) is a joint program of the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center (SERC) and the United States Coast Guard that collects, analyzes, and interprets data on the ballast water management practices of commercial ships that operate in the waters of the United States.
		The principal aims of NBIC are to quantify the amounts and origins of ballast water discharged in US coastal systems and to determine the degree to which such water has undergone open-ocean exchange or alternative treatments designed to reduce the likelihood of ballast-mediated invasions by exotic species.
		Ballast water data are available for download from our online database.
	invasions.si.edu /nbic (147 words)

	Moparts on the Web - Main Index (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Then turn the key to the run posistion and take a meter or test light and find which one of the 2 connctions (wires that plugged to the ballast) has 12 volts on it and mark it ign #1.
		Then have someone hold the key in the start posistion of the switch,and check the other wire to the ballast, it will have 12 volts on it then this is the ign #2 side.
		Then take the wire from the key switch ign #1 (the one with 12 volts when the key was in the run pos) and hook it to the other spade on the piggy back connector.
	www.moparts.com /Tech/Archive/elec/3.html (445 words)

	Nat'l Ballast Clearinghouse
		We expect to estimate rates of ballast water exchange, both in terms of the frequency of vessels that undergo exchange and the percentage of ballast water exchanged, for different vessel types (e.g., bulk carriers, oil tankers, container ships, etc.).
		Ballast water is carried by ships to provide stability and adjust a vessel's trim for optimal steering and propulsion.
		NISA issued mandatory ballast management reporting and voluntary ballast exchange guidelines to all vessels that enter U.S. waters from outside the EEZ, with the exception military vessels, crude oil tankers that carry out coastwise trade, and some passenger ships that are equipped with ballast treatment systems.
	www.hrw.com /science/si-science/biology/animals/marineinvasions/ballast.html (1419 words)

	Home Tanning Beds
		Cage-clamp design where all the wires are terminated
		We use one ballast for each bulb, many home tanning units use one every two bulbs
		Metal acrylic support strips (our competitors use plastic here where all your weight goes)
	www.tanningonline.com /hometanningbeds.html (641 words)

	The IMO Guidelines
		Subsequent discharge of ballast water or sediment into the waters of port States may result in the establishment of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens which may pose threats to indigenous human, animal and plant life, and the marine environment.
		Where practicable, routine cleaning of the ballast tank to remove sediments should be carried out in mid-ocean or under controlled arrangements in port or dry dock, in accordance with the provisions of the ship's ballast water management plan.
		The length of time during which ballast water is within an enclosed ballast tank may also be a factor in determining the number of surviving organisms, because of the absence of light, decreasing nutrients and oxygen, changes of salinity and other factors.
	globallast.imo.org /resolution.htm (4398 words)

	Tidepool \| Features
		Through ballast water discharges, the European green crab has made its way into Northwestern waters and is spreading rapidly.
		Sikkema and numerous others concerned by this unprecedented change in natural ecosystem balances agree that treating ballast water -- which would entail adding chlorine to ballast water to kill any resident stowaways, then dechlorinating before discharge -- is the key to stemming the invasion.
		Although many research projects are underway to look into effective treatment of ballast water, industry representative Jermain stressed that any method would have to pass muster for maintaining structural integrity of the ships.
	www.tidepool.org /features/ballast.cfm (1246 words)

	MITSG CCR: Marine Bioinvasions: Conference Abstracts
		Ballast water discharge has been identified as an important means of introducing exotic aquatic organisms to waters well beyond their natural geographic range.
		Offshore ballast exchange could be effective at the Ports of Vancouver and Prince Rupert because over 90% of the total cargo handled is exported, therefore most of the inbound vessels arrive in ballast.
		In contrast, ballast water exchange may not be an effective preventative measure on the Great Lakes because about 50% of the total cargo handled is exported, and over 80% of the overseas vessels enter with no exchangeable ballast on board (NOBOB).
	massbay.mit.edu /exoticspecies/conferences/1999/abstract9.html (2323 words)

	Digital Ballasts and Magnetic Ballasts for HPS and MH Lights and Lamps
		Our ballasts range in intensity from diminutive 150W models to powerful 1000W versions and are compatible with both HPS and MH grow lamps, which present a key solution to solving your hydroponics gardening needs.
		In most lighting systems, the lamp ballast is key to regulating the current to the lamps without increasing its set draw.
		Ballasts are normally designed to operate with specific grow lamps, matched by type of grow lamp, luminaire, lamp quantity, and line voltage.
	www.hidhut.com /catalog/discount-magnetic-digital-ballasts-c-46.html?osCsid=e631293b3e83b56b4196597d04043329 (504 words)

	Inter Research » MEPS » v215 » p1-12
		During sequential stages of ballast transfer (uptake, transport, and release), the density and diversity of the plankton assemblage is selectively filtered, determining the pool of potential invaders.
		We suggest that the invasion success of a particular taxon may be predicted both by high density at the end of a voyage (which is comparatively easy to measure) and by low mortality during a voyage (which may indicate good body condition, but is harder to measure).
		However, the total density and diversity of plankton in the ballast tanks increased significantly following exchange and in laboratory experiments ocean water was not lethal to coastal organisms.
	www.int-res.com /abstracts/meps/v215/p1-12 (426 words)

	Looe Key - Snorkeling, diving, things to do - Big Pine & Lower Florida Keys
		Located about five nautical miles offshore of Big Pine Key is Looe Key, which isn’t an island but a “groove and spur” reef and part of the reef system that parallels the Atlantic side of the Florida Keys.
		But some pieces of thin copper, possibly hull sheathing, and a piece of concrete located in that area of the reef seem to indicate that the ballast and wreckage found there may be from a wreck more closely resembling a 19th century merchantman.
		The reef at Looe Key, roughly 200 yards wide and 800 yards long is generally “U” shaped, and is comprised of both patch and outside reefs.
	www.floridakeys.com /lowerkeys/looekey.htm (537 words)

	MITSG CCR: Marine Bioinvasions: Conference Abstracts
		The movement of ballast water in commercial ships is acknowledged as a primary vector for the global transfer of marine organisms, yet surprisingly little is known about the starting composition or abundance of the inoculants or patterns of survival during transit.
		Data are needed on (1) which taxa start voyages as well as which finish and (2) how survivorship of the ballast water biota varies as a function of physical characteristics of the ballast water, voyage length, and taxa.
		The domestic vessel took approximately 1.5 d to carry ballast water from Massachusetts to Chesapeake Bay, while the transoceanic vessel took approximately 19 d to travel from Israel to Chesapeake Bay.
	massbay.mit.edu /exoticspecies/conferences/1999/abstract11.html (2961 words)

	Woman Key
		Next to Woman Key is a small 24 acre private island that was for sale a couple years ago for a mere $3.5 million.
		Woman Key was originally deemed as "Public Domain" land, and given to the Army in 1944 for bombing training during World War II.
		When the Key West National Wildlife Refuge was established in 1908, US Fish and Wildlife was given only secondary jurisdiction over Woman Key, as the Navy had reserved primary ownership for "naval purposes", what exactly those purposes were remains unknown.
	boonedocks.net /travel/florida/woman.html (595 words)

	Operating and Environmental Standards (G-PSO) Home Page
		Ballast water discharged from ships is one of the largest pathways for the introduction and spread of aquatic nuisance species (ANS).
		However, the rate of compliance was found to be inadequate, and vessel operators often failed to submit mandatory ballast water reports to the Coast Guard during this timeframe.
		These regulations also require vessels to maintain a ballast water management plan that is specific for that vessel and assigns responsibility to the master or appropriate official to understand and execute the ballast water management strategy for that vessel.
	www.uscg.mil /hq/g-m/mso/bwm.htm (620 words)

	Encyclopedia: Ballast Key (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Located near the end of the Florida Keys, it is among several small islands that are south of Key West.
		Because the island is privately owned, Key West is popularly considered the southernmost point.
		Palm trees in Islamorada The Florida Keys is an archipelago or cluster of islands extending from the southeastern Florida peninsula near Miami, running south and then curving west to Key West, and out to the uninhabited Dry Tortugas.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Ballast-Key (210 words)

	CNN.com - Key West fest honors Tennessee Williams - Feb. 23, 2003
		Key West's first Tennessee Williams Festival culminates on Monday -- the 20th anniversary of Williams' death at age 72 at New York's Hotel Elysee on February 24, 1983 -- with a gala appearance by actress Elizabeth Ashley.
		In Key West, Williams was known for dressing casually in white, often sporting a mustache and beard.
		Williams also was a prolific painter who liked to escape the hubbub of Key West by going to Ballast Key, a private island 9 miles (14.5 km) off Key West and owned by friend David Wolkowsky, 83, a pallbearer at Williams' funeral.
	www.cnn.com /2003/SHOWBIZ/books/02/23/williams.festival.ap (792 words)

	Biological Pollution: Abstracts
		The Great Lakes Ballast Technology Demonstration Project investigated the effectiveness of automatic backwash screen filtration of ballast water during its uptake as a means of minimizing the potential for the introduction of nonindigenous species by ships.
		Delayed mortality effects on zooplankton were measurable following treatment during ballasting, while immediate zooplankton mortality was evident upon treatment during deballasting, indicating that the intake treatment, storage in a ballast tank, and a slower pump rate upon discharge could contribute to zooplankton susceptibility to the treatment.
		The Great Lakes Ballast Technology Demonstration Project has investigated the effectiveness of automatic backwash screen filtration of ballast water during its uptake as a means of minimizing the potential for the introduction of nonindigenous species.
	www.nemw.org /abstracts.htm (2479 words)

	Ballast holds key to ancient voyage
		The ballast stones are of such unusual rock that geologists believe they have worked out the vessel's entire route.
		Dr Aryeh Shimron, of the Geological Survey of Israel, in Jerusalem, traced three large metamorphic rocks that were pinned with large iron nails to the bottom of the vessel, to Karystos Bay on the island of Evia.
		Pottery fragments found in the vessel confirmed that this part of the ballast originated in a small delta of the Kouris river, near the ancient port of Curium in southern Cyprus.
	www.telegraph.co.uk /htmlContent.jhtml?html=/archive/1997/04/30/wbal30.html (371 words)

	Ballast Key, Florida, United States
		Ballast Key, a 26-acre private island estate, has long been a haven for actors, writers, and dignitaries seeking a restful retreat from everyday life.
		It is only a short boat trip from Key West Harbor to this picturesque setting, where time is kept by the rise and fall of the tides.
		One of the only privately owned islands in the Key West Wildlife Refuge, Ballast Key is surrounded by world-class tarpon- and permit-fishing waters.
	www.privateislandsonline.com /ballast-key.htm (282 words)

	Cooper Lighting: Industrial Solutions: HID (Site not responding. Last check: )
		So the second function of a ballast is to limit the amount of current the lamp draws while at the same time controlling the lamp wattage at its design center while the incoming line voltage varies.
		Ballast Losses (Watts Loss): Represents the amount of energy that is consumed by the ballast to operate the lamp.
		Life expectancy of a ballast, capacitor and ignitor (or starting aid) is directly related to ambient temperature in which the fixture operates.
	www.cooperlighting.com /solutions/industrial/hid.asp (629 words)

	Programmable Power Supply Products - BTS Series (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Key benefits of the BTS system include high throughput with typical test times of less than 2 seconds per ballast and its easy to use Windows ™ interface.
		General purpose ballast test software is included which provides a simple, function key driven interface to the operator.
		After loading a ballast on the test fixture, a single function key is used to start the entire test sequence.
	www.calinst.com /bts.html (635 words)

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