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| | Guardian Unlimited | Science | One Big Bang, or were there many? |
 | | The standard big bang theory says the universe began with a massive explosion, but the new theory suggests it is a cyclic event that consists of repeating big bangs. |
 | | With each bang, the theory predicts that matter keeps on expanding and dissipating into infinite space before another horrendous blast of radiation and matter replenishes it. |
 | | The Cosmological Constant is a mathematical representation of the energy of empty space, also known as "dark energy", which exerts a kind of anti-gravity force pushing galaxies apart at an accelerating rate. |
| www.guardian.co.uk /science/story/0,,1768191,00.html (632 words) |
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