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Topic: Bank of Finland

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	Finland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Republic of Finland (Finnish: Suomen tasavalta Swedish: Republiken Finland) is a Nordic country in northeastern Europe, bounded by the Baltic Sea to the southwest, the Gulf of Finland to the south and the Gulf of Bothnia to the west.
		The judicial system of Finland is divided between courts with regular civil and criminal jurisdiction and administrative courts with responsibility for litigation between the individuals and the administrative organs of the state and the communities.
		The climate in Southern Finland is a northern temperate climate.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Finland (3521 words)

	Bank of Finland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Bank of Finland (Finnish: Suomen Pankki, Swedish: Finlands Bank) is the central bank of Finland.
		The Bank of Finland has dates back to 1811, but it was not officially formed until Finland gained independence in 1917.
		The Bank of Finland is owned by the Republic of Finland and governed by the Finnish Parliament.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bank_of_Finland (171 words)

	Finland (09/05)
		Finland's 1995 accession to the European Union (EU) has blurred the line between foreign and domestic policy; the respective roles of the president and prime minister are evolving, and plans are under consideration to rewrite the constitution to clarify these and other issues.
		Finland and the U.S.S.R. signed a peace treaty at Paris in February 1947 limiting the size of Finland's defense forces and providing for the cession to the Soviet Union of the Petsamo area on the Arctic coast, the Karelian Isthmus in southeastern Finland, and other territory along the former eastern border.
		Finland is well represented in the UN civil service in proportion to its population and belongs to several of its specialized and related agencies.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/3238.htm (3564 words)

	globalEDGE (TM) \| country insights - Overview of Finland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Finland was a province and then a grand duchy under Sweden from the 12th to the 19th centuries and an autonomous grand duchy of Russia after 1809.
		As a member of the ESCB and Eurosystem, the Bank of Finland is one of the national central banks in the euro area.
		The Bank of Finland is also responsible for maintaining the currency supply in Finland, for investing foreign reserve assets and for contributing to the efficiency and development of payment and overall financial systems.
	globaledge.msu.edu /ibrd/CountryIntro.asp?CountryID=50&RegionID=2 (267 words)

	Finnish foreign policy
		For Finland it is important that the common foreign and security policy remains in the form of intergovernmental cooperation to be implemented primarily on the basis of unanimity and always in the field of defence.
		In Finland's view, states should increase their support for international courts of justice in the quest for the peaceful settlement of disputes through mediation and to bring to justice those responsible for violation of the rules of war and the norms of humanity.
		Finland supports countries that are ready for cooperation and committed to common objectives not only in the field of economic change but also with regard to democracy, respect for human rights, equality and building a civil society.
	virtual.finland.fi /finfo/english/forpolic2.html (2915 words)

	Bank of Finland -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Bank of Finland has dates back to 1811, but it was not officially formed until Finland gained (Freedom from control or influence of another or others) independence in 1917.
		The Bank of Finland is owned by the (additional info and facts about Finnish government) Finnish government.
		Matti Vanhala retired from his position as Governor of the Bank of Finland due to (Impairment of normal physiological function affecting part or all of an organism) illness in the year 2004.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/b/ba/bank_of_finland.htm (162 words)

	FAST-FIN-1 (TRENPP2C) Finnish Institutions Papers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Bank of Finland is one of the institutions that have been subject to numerous revisions since the Eurosystem came into being.
		For a long time, the Bank of Finland was the only bank in the country, but at the end of the 19th century, after several commercial savings banks had been established, it stopped competing with other banks for private customers, and gradually adopted its current role as a bankers' bank.
		Nor is the Bank of Finland only a passive part of the system; instead, it actively participates in the decision-making at the highest level, and thereby influences the direction in which the European economy is heading.
	www.uta.fi /FAST/FIN/ECON/hh-bank.html (2370 words)

	Encyclopedia: Bank of Finland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The markka or mark was the currency used in Finland from 1861 until January 1, 1999, when it was replaced by the euro (€).
		The Bank of Finland is owned by the Finnish government.
		Finland has a primarily parliamentary system, although the president also has some notable powers.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Bank-of-Finland (415 words)

	Central bank Article, Centralbank Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		A central bank is a privately held refinancing bank of last resort, thus a monetary monopoly.
		Central banks of various nations often deliberate jointly on monetary policy, and the combinedpower of central bank leaders is extraordinary.
		Central banks are part of the infrastructure used by the private banking community of a given country, to influence theircountry's economy.
	www.anoca.org /monetary/reserve/central_bank.html (426 words)

	Country Profile - Finland
		Finland also emphasizes the importance of the joint work programme at UNCTAD and UNEP, which Finland fully supports and it is expected that the outcome of this process will be useful in preparing for the Special Session of the General Assembly (1997) on the implementation of Agenda 21.
		Finland's forests are substantial carbon dioxide sinks and contribute to combating the intensification of the global greenhouse effect.
		Finland emphasizes the need for multidisciplinary knowledge for the conservation and management of ecosystems and the development of data on the impacts of natural resources use and on indicators for biological diversity conservation and the economic value of natural resources.
	www.un.org /esa/earthsummit/finla-cp.htm (15051 words)

	ipedia.com: Central bank Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Advocates of central banking argue that a National bank, which is chartered by the government and carries out government-designated monetary policy, is too susceptible to political pressure, which may come from factions that are incompetent to make monetary policy.
		Central banks of various nations often deliberate jointly on monetary policy, and the combined power of central bank leaders is extraordinary.
		Central banks are part of the infrastructure used by the private banking community of a given country, to influence their country's economy.
	www.ipedia.com /central_bank.html (541 words)

	BBC NEWS \| World \| Europe \| Country profiles \| Country profile: Finland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Finland is the only Nordic EU member to adopt the euro as the national currency.
		However, for Finland, which has a reputation as a country where government is stable and slow moving, her swift departure came as a major shock.
		Finland's broadcasting sector is very dynamic and the country has embarked on a comprehensive digitisation programme.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/europe/country_profiles/1023629.stm (654 words)

	Bank of Finland Museum
		Nowadays Finland participates in the single monetary policy of the euro area, and the Bank of Finland is involved in all phases from preparation to implementation of the policy.
		Being the central bank of the Finnish people and a member of the ESCB, the Bank of Finland considers itself obliged to inform Finns of the present-day business of the Bank and to explain the world of monetary policy, which is generally considered a rather complex matter.
		The history of the Bank of Finland is particularly interesting, as it is the world’s fourth oldest central bank.
	www.rahamuseo.fi /english/faq.html (2020 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Finland became an autonomous Grand Duchy connected with Russia "in 1809, and declared independence from Russia on December 6," "1917.
		Finland had its own monetary system from 1860, and was" on the gold standard from 1877 to 1914.
		Finland returned to the gold standard on January "1, 1926, and remained on the gold standard until October 1931." GDP: "GDP data from 1860 to 1944 from Hjerppe (1989, T. 3A1, col." "1, pp.
	www.nber.org /databases/jones-obstfeld/text/fin_notes.txt (503 words)

	Finland-Activities (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The London Office of the World Bank’s European Vice-Presidency is responsible for the World Bank's dialogue with stakeholders in global development in Finland, including government officials, parliamentarians, academics and members of think tanks, NGO representatives, business leaders and journalists.
		Finland participates in the Private Sector Liaison Officers Network, a joint initiative of the European offices of the World Bank, IFC and MIGA to strengthen the relationship between the World Bank Group and the private sector in Europe.
		World Bank President James Wolfensohn has met with representatives for Finnish private sector, both large and smaller companies, to discuss the "digital divide" between the developed and the developing world, forestry and the development of the Russian economy.
	wbln0018.worldbank.org /eurvp/web.nsf/Pages/Finland-Activities (1563 words)

	CONSTITUTIONAL LAWS OF FINLAND, PROCEDURE OF PARLIAMENT
		Temporary exceptions to fundamental rights which are consistent with Finland's international human rights obligations and of a character necessary during an armed attack on Finland as well as under exceptional circumstances threatening the life of the nation and lawfully comparable in gravity to an armed attack may be prescribed by Act of Parliament.
		Section 50 The management and condition of the Bank of Finland, the actions of the Governors and the Board of the Bank of Finland and the condition and management of the funds under the supervision of Parliament shall be inspected by the standing committee to which these duties are assigned by the Procedure of Parliament.
		Chapter 6 Measures Relating to the Bank of Finland, the Social Insurance Institution and the Library of Parliament Section 83 (22 July 1991/1078) Parliament shall appoint nine Governors to supervise the administration and activities of the Bank of Finland and the administration of the funds for which Parliament is responsible.
	www.eduskunta.fi /kirjasto/Lait/constitution.html (12903 words)

	Finland
		Americans visiting Finland are seldom victims of crime, but visitors should not be complacent regarding personal safety or the protection of valuables.
		If you are a tourist or temporary visitor to Finland and you require immediate emergency medical assistance, you may visit a local medical center or clinic, called “ensiapuasema” (first-aid station) in Finnish.
		Finland has an extensive network of highways throughout the country, as well as excellent public transportation services.
	travel.state.gov /travel/finland.html (1893 words)

	Suomen Pankki - Finlands Bank - Bank of Finland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Bank of Finland Bulletin is an English-language quarterly, the main purpose of which is to provide foreign experts with current information on the Finnish economy.
		Most of the articles in the Bank of Finland Bulletin are also published in Finnish in Euro and talous.
		The Bank of Finland Bulletin may be obtained by free subscription from the Bank of Finland.
	www.bof.fi /eng/6_julkaisut/6.1_SPn_julkaisut/bulletin.stm (171 words)

	Microsoft Customer Evidence: Customer and Partner Solution Brief: Bank of Finland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Bank of Finland is Finland’s central bank and a member of the European System of Central Banks (ESCB).
		The Bank of Finland wanted to standardise on one operating system to cut costs, increase stability, and benefit from ease of maintenance.
		Ten banking applications are now being migrated from a mainframe architecture to a client/server system based on Microsoft® Windows® 2000 Server and Microsoft SQL ServerTM 2000.
	www.microsoft.com /resources/casestudies/ReferenceProfile.asp?ReferenceProfileID=949A7E77-AC35-46C3-A125-195CF09C73B7 (355 words)

	Governments on the WWW: Finland
		Embassy of Finland in Abu Dhabi, Arab Emirates
		Embassy of Finland in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
		Permanent Representation of Finland to the European Union in Brussels
	www.gksoft.com /govt/en/fi.html (348 words)

	Finland and the IMF -- Page 1 of 4
		Finland is a subscriber to the Special Data Dissemination Standard.
		On behalf of: Denmark, Republic of Estonia, Finland, Iceland, Republic of Lithuania, Republic of Latvia, Norway, Sweden.
		Denmark, Finland, Estonia, Iceland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, and Sweden, to the IMFC Meeting in Dubai, September 21, 2003
	www.imf.org /external/country/FIN/index.htm (789 words)

	Union Bank of Finland Ltd (Unitas Ltd Group )
		The Finnish banking system is dominated by three banking groups: Merita Bank, the result of the recent merger of Kansallis-Osake-Pankki (KOP Bank) and the Union Bank of Finland (Unitas Group), as well as Okobank (the Cooperative Bank Group) and Postipankki.
		They also manage individual subsidiaries that engage in mortgage banking, finance company activities, credit card business, investment operations etc. Commercial banks have extensive foreign networks of branch offices, subsidiaries, consortium banks and representative offices through which foreign trade payments are effected.
		The largest local banks are cooperative banks and savings banks whose nationwide and international operations are run by their individual umbrella banks.
	www.antiqnet.com /detail,union-bank-finland,345303.html (245 words)

	finland economy and other finland related information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		List of lakes in Finland [ edit ] Economy Main article: Economy of Finland Finland has a highly industrialised, largely free-market economy, with per capita output roughly that of the UK, France, or Italy...
		Finland Flag, Finland History, Culture of Finland, Economy of Finland, History of Finland, Flag of Finland, People of Finland, Information on Finland, Finland Flag, Finland Facts, Finland News...
		Finland has a highly industrialized economy based on abundant forest resources, metalworking and engineering, and high technology, especially the...
	www.nethorde.com /finland/finland-economy.html (358 words)

	Bank of Finland Baltic Privatization Bogs Down by Likka Korhonen
		Estonia and Latvia were quick to privatize their larger banking institutions, while the Lithuanian state still retains a majority in the country’s second- and third-largest commercial banks.
		A tender for the sale of Taupomasis Bankas (Savings Bank) will be announced in early September, but the bank will remain in state hands well into 2001 even if the tender goes well.
		In the aftermath of the Russian crisis in 1998, the central banks in Estonia and Latvia were forced to take over illiquid banks that threatened the stability of their financial systems.
	www.worldbank.org /transitionnewsletter/augsepoct00/page41.htm (602 words)

	Finland Helsinki Mission - Helsinki Center (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Finland Helsinki Mission Alumni Alumni Web Site is dedicated to the alumni of this mission of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
		Helsinki helsinki city finland include buildings suburbs industrial planning commercial finnish sweden city's 888 technical apartments 871 impressive...
		Studio Helsinki Finland is spesified to architecture and design field where we produce custom projects from idea to product.
	www.deuxfillesetunesouris.ca /finland-helsinki-mission.html (350 words)

	Tilastokeskus - Statistikcentralen - Statistics Finland
		In Finland voice communication services have largely moved from fixed telephone networks to mobile networks.
		The publication Telecommunications in Finland 2004 presents a wide array of information about the telephone culture and changes in it.
		The annual Statistical Yearbook of Finland is an exhaustive reference book on Finland and its people.
	www.stat.fi /index_en.html (142 words)

	Tilastokeskus - Tilastot
		Data from all statistics produced by Statistics Finland are published on the Statistics web pages.
		Statistics Finland produces nearly 200 different statistics and around 700 releases are made from them per year.
		Statistics Finland's free StatFin service can be found in the Statistical Databases section.
	www.stat.fi /tk/tilastotietoa_en.html (72 words)

	Bank Of Finland Discussion Papers (SMEALSearch) - Pal,Rangaswamy,Giles,Debnath (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		We argue that the importance of this channel for investment in residential housing is highly dependent on the structural features, and particularly the efficiency and institutional organization, of housing finance.
		We employ a VAR methodology to analyse this issue with respect to the housing markets of four European countries (Finland, Germany, Norway and the United Kingdom), which differ greatly in terms of structural features.
		Our results are generally consistent with the existence of a broad credit channel, whereas the bank-lending channel seems to be operational only under certain conditions.
	gunther.smeal.psu.edu /20935.html (219 words)

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