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Topic: Bantu languages

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Luganda language

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Malcolm Guthrie

Bantu expansion

	Bantu languages - LoveToKnow 1911
		On the north this group is bounded by the non-Bantu languages of the Masai, Mbugu and Taturu, and on the south by the Ruaha river.
		Ci-subiya is the dominant language of South-West Zambezia, along a portion of the Zambezi river south of Barotseland, and in the lands lying between the Zambezi and the Chobe-Linyante river.
		Se-suto is the language of Basutoland; Se-rolon, Se-mangwato, of the Eastern Kalahri; Se-kololo is the court language of Barotseland; Ci-venda and Se-pedi or Peli are the principal dialects of the Transvaal.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Bantu_languages (8722 words)

	Bantu languages - Encyclopedia.com
		Bantu languages group of African languages forming a subdivision of the Benue-Niger division of the Niger-Congo branch of the Niger-Kordofanian language family (see African languages).
		Bantu contains hundreds of languages that are spoken by 120 million Africans in the Congo Basin, Angola, the Republic of South Africa, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Malawi, Tanzania, and Kenya.
		As the chief trade language of E Africa, it is understood by perhaps an additional 20 million.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-Bantulan.html (1418 words)

	Bantu languages — FactMonster.com
		Bantu languages, group of African languages forming a subdivision of the Benue-Niger division of the Niger-Congo branch of the Niger-Kordofanian language family (see
		All of the Bantu languages are tonal, except perhaps Swahili.
		Bantu - Bantu Bantu, ethnic and linguistic group of Africa, numbering about 120 million.
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/society/A0806091.html (378 words)

	BANTU LANGUAGES - Online Information article about BANTU LANGUAGES
		Prefix governed languages akin in stricture to Bantu, but nOt in vocabulary (9) The dialects of the Comoro Islands, between the East African coast and Madagascar, are styled Hi-nzua or Anzuani and Shi-ngazija.
		Mpongwe-Orungu and Aduma languages of French Gabun, and the tongues of the Lower Ogowe and Fernan Vaz promontory.
		The concord may be explained thus:—Let us for a moment re-construct the original Bantu mother-tongue (as attempts are some-times made to deduce the ancient Aryan from a comparison of the most archaic of its daughters) and propound sentences to illustrate the repetition of pronominal particles known as the concord.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /BAI_BAR/BANTU_LANGUAGES.html (7537 words)

	African Languages - MSN Encarta
		Languages in the Mande subgroup are spoken in Senegal, Mali, Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone.
		Bambara, spoken in Mali, is the principal language in this subgroup.
		Languages of the Adamawa East subgroup are spoken in Cameroon, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (formerly Zaire), and the Central African Republic.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761565449/African_Languages.html (1782 words)

	AllRefer.com - Bantu languages (Language And Linguistics) - Encyclopedia
		Bantu languages, group of African languages forming a subdivision of the Benue-Niger division of the Niger-Congo branch of the Niger-Kordofanian language family (see African languages).
		Bantu contains hundreds of languages that are spoken by 120 million Africans in the Congo Basin, Angola, the Republic of South Africa, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Malawi, Tanzania, and Kenya.
		All of the Bantu languages are tonal, except perhaps Swahili.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/B/Bantulan.html (447 words)

	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > Bantu languages
		Bantu is a language group that belongs to the Niger-Congo group.
		Bantu languages are spoken in South Cameroon, in Gabon, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Angola, Zambia, Malawi, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Botswana and South Africa.
		Bantu languages are on a continuum from purely tonal languages to languages with no tone at all.
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/ba/Bantu_languages (420 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Bantu is a general term for over 400 different ethnic groups in Africa, from Cameroon to South Africa, united by a common language family (the Bantu languages) and in many cases common customs.
		Before the Bantu, the southern half of Africa is believed to have been populated by Khoisan speaking people, today occupying the arid regions around the Kalahari and a few isolated pockets in Tanzania.
		He had analyzed and compared several hundred African languages and found that a group of languages spoken in Southeastern Nigeria were the most closely related to languages from the Bantu group.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Bantu (619 words)

	SOMALI BANTU - Their History and Culture
		The Bantu people are ethnically and culturally distinct from the Somali nomads and the coastal people, who generally disdain agriculture and value a tribal lineage system that does not include the Bantu.
		Other Bantu who lived in the vicinity of nomadic Somali clans (particularly those residing outside of the lower Juba River valley) integrated into the Somali nomadic clan system, which provided the Bantu with protection and a sense of identity with the nomads.
		For many of the Bantu from the lower Juba River valley, this means that their east African tribe of origin is the main form of social organization.
	www.cal.org /co/bantu/sbpeop.html (1382 words)

	Contact Languages in the Bantu Area
		Nonetheless, in both cases an indigenous language was adopted by exogenous populations who were kept on the margins and precluded by the circumstances of their immigration from participating in the regular lives of the natives.
		He concludes that ìLingala is changing from a simple Bantu language of the middle Congo banks, and becoming a mixed language with a considerably extended vocabulary and phonemic inventory, a development that is comparable to that of Swahili, and in many ways to that of Englishî (163).
		It is this correlation which suggests that the speciation of Bantu languages, due to the dispersal of Bantu populations southwards and eastwards, must have been on the model of the development of Shaba Swahili and Town Bemba.
	humanities.uchicago.edu /faculty/mufwene/mufw_bantucon.html (6659 words)

	African languages. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		These languages are spoken in all parts of the continent, from the extreme south up to the territory of the Afroasiatic languages of N Africa.
		Benue-Congo includes the huge Bantu group of hundreds of tongues found throughout central and S Africa (see Bantu languages), as well as such non-Bantu languages as Tiv, Jukun, and Efik, which are spoken in Nigeria and Cameroon.
		Swahili, a Bantu tongue of the Niger-Kordofanian stock, was written before the European conquest of Africa (see Swahili language), and Vai, a language belonging to the Mande subdivision of Niger-Congo, employs an indigenous script developed in the 19th cent.
	www.bartleby.com /65/af/Africanlng.html (1428 words)

	* Who are the "Somali Bantu"? *
		The Bantu languages and peoples are the majority of people living south of the Sahara and cover about 2/3 of the land area in the African continent south of the Sahara.
		The use of the term "bantu" refers to this alliance of tribes with their own languages and names, but has now come to be used as an ethnic name in their identity in the west.
		The Somali-speaking people of Central Somalia who are of Bantu origin could use this term to assert their Bantu identity, even though they no longer speak their original Bantu language It would seem, however, that this is an outward-looking term for use in a western context, though perhaps developed and used by the people themselves.
	orvillejenkins.com /peoples/somalibantu.html (2065 words)

	A comparative study of Bantu noun classes
		A noun class labelled 7 in one Bantu language is thus etymologically related to noun classes labelled 7 in other Bantu languages, irrespective of their phonological forms.
		In a number of languages, however, a third feature is also important, namely 'animacy', that is, whether or not the "object" referred to by the noun is a human being and/or animal (in contrast to being a non-living thing, like a knife or a stone).
		Thus in some languages we find noun class prefixes on nouns which have no counterparts in the agreement markers, which is to say that i certain contexts the noun prefix and the agreement marker do not refer to the same noun class, as in the Kiswahili phrase mafundi wabaya 'bad craftsmen'.
	www.african.gu.se /research/diss_bantu.html (1176 words)

	Bantu
		The Bantu languages are spoken in a very large area, including most of Africa from the fifth parallel of north latitude to Cape Province in the Republic of South Africa, the southernmost tip.
		There are approximately 60,000,000 speakers of the more than 200 distinct languages of the Bantu subgroup of the Niger-Congo family, which occupy almost the entire southern projection of the African continent.
		The Bantu classification is primarily linguistic, for the cultural patterns of Bantu speakers are extremely diverse.
	www.angelfire.com /az/SchoolProject (345 words)

	bantu
		The Kordofanian branch is distantly related to the rest of the Niger-Congo languages, and is considered one of the first branches to have separated.
		The Kwa languages are found in a strip along the west coast of Africa from southeastern Nigeria to Liberia.
		The Ijoid languages, spoken in the Niger delta, have proved difficult to classify, as have the Dogon languages, spoken in northeast Mali.
	members.tripod.com /~CoteA/bantu.html (535 words)

	Bantu Migration - Map - MSN Encarta
		Today, close to 100 million people across the southern half of Africa speak related languages, collectively known as Bantu languages.
		Linguistic evidence shows that the root Bantu language emerged in what is now Nigeria and Cameroon by 2000 bc.
		By 1000 bc, in a series of migrations, Bantu speakers had spread south to the savanna lands of Angola and east to the Lake Victoria region.
	encarta.msn.com /media_701611637/Bantu_Migration.html (86 words)

	bantu (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Bantu languages are spoken over half the African continent extending from Cameroon in West Africa through the Congo region to the Coast of East Africa and the tip of South Africa.
		A survey of Bantu and related languages indicates that the most probable location of Proto-Bantu, the common origin language is in Nigeria/Cameroon in the northwest corner of the current distribution.
		Accordingly, prehistorians hypothesize that the Bantu expansion is related to the spread of agriculture, which was not practiced in the areas now occupied by Bantu.
	www.umanitoba.ca /faculties/arts/anthropology/courses/122/module2/bantu.html (311 words)

	Map Zones : Cameroon Map
		Bantu speakers originating in the Cameroonian highlands were among the first groups to move out before other invaders.
		The Bantu settled in the Cameroons from equatorial Africa.
		Elsewhere, French is the principal language, although pidgin and some local languages such as Ewondo, the dialect of a Beti clan from the Yaounde area, also are widely spoken.
	kids.mapzones.com /world/cameroon (2807 words)

	4 Bantu languages and their Origins
		Bantu languages use prefixes and the harmonic concord.
		We have a means of comparison in the Romance languages of Europe; they give some indication of the speed with which Latin diverged into Italian, French and Spanish over the last almost 2,000 years.
		The main reason for looking to west Africa at all is the rather distant relationship of the Bantu language group with the west African language group.
	husky1.stmarys.ca /~wmills/course316/4Bantu_languages.html (1170 words)

	myUganda - Casinos \| Gambling \| Slots \| Pocker Hats
		Bantu are a group of people who speak related languages and have similar social characteristics.
		The Bantu are said to have originated from somewhere in the Congo region of central Africa and spread rapidly to southern and eastern Africa.
		Bantu are said to have settled in Uganda between A.D 1000 and A.D. Some reasons are given to explain why the Bantu moved from their original homeland to come to settle in Uganda.
	www.myuganda.co.ug /about/bantu.php (547 words)

	Bantu
		The Bantu are a group of people known more as a language group than as a distinct ethnic group.
		The Bantu are split into two major language families, the Eastern Bantu and the Western Bantu.
		The first Europeans to have contact with the Bantu were usually priests or missionaries, so they were interested in translating the Bible and would write down the local language using whatever spelling conventions their own language used.
	www.mnsu.edu /emuseum/cultural/oldworld/africa/bantu.html (325 words)

	Web resources for Bantu languages
		Thus the Bantu languages are here grouped according to a referential classification originally devised by Malcolm Guthrie in the 1940s (cfr Guthrie 1971, Maho 2003, 2006), in which the Bantu languages are grouped into 15 geographical zones labelled with letters from the Latin alphabet.
		New developments in the classification of Bantu languages and their historical implications (PDF).
		Bantu tone spreading and displacement as alignment and minimal misalignement (PDF).
	goto.glocalnet.net /maho/webresources/bantu.html (1204 words)

	South Africa Languages and Culture
		Afrikaans is a born language and attached is a fascinating history.
		The language of Sepedi is spoken by approximately 4,208,980 individuals and it is one of the eleven official languages in
		The language is usually spoken in Mpumalanga, Gauteng and...
	www.sa-venues.com /sa_languages_and_culture.htm (849 words)

	Research Report 2005 \| The Bantu Languages
		The 500 Bantu languages, roughly a tenth of the world's total, are spoken in sub-Saharan Africa from Cameroon to southern Somalia to Cape Town by 250 million people, a third of the continent's population.
		The first is shorter, containing chapters on general topics, such as the phonetics, phonology, tones, morphology of the noun, morphology of the verb, syntax, grammaticalization, acquisition, history, and historical classification of Bantu languages, use of lingua francas, and an updated taxonomy, to replace the one used for the last 30 years.
		As it is impossible to cover 500 languages adequately in 400 pages, individual chapters deal with groups of languages or lesser known languages, while providing a bibliography for readers who want to dig deeper.
	www.mun.ca /research/2005report/publications/philippson.php (284 words)

	SOAS: SOAS; Africa Department; Course; The Bantu Languages
		Bantu languages, spoken by an estimated 240 million speakers in 27 African countries, are one of the most important language groups in Africa in terms of geographical and demographic spread.
		In this course we are looking in more detail at the most salient structural properties of Bantu languages, such as the noun class system, the structure of verbs, and topics in the phonology and the syntax of Bantu.
		In addition, the course addresses topics related to the historical and social contexts in which Bantu languages are spoken, e.g.
	www.soas.ac.uk /studying/coursedetail.cfm?coursesunitsid=1511 (206 words)

	Map Zones : Map of Congo, Democratic Republic of the
		Bantu speakers form a majority of the country's population and occupy about two-thirds of its area.
		Lingala is the official language of the military and is widely spoken in Kinshasa.
		Four African languages are also widely spoken: Swahili in the east, Kikongo in the area between Kinshasa and the coast, Tshiluba in the south, and Lingala along the Congo River.
	kids.mapzones.com /world/democratic_republic_of_congo (2112 words)

	Swahili history
		It is well known that any language that has to grow and expand its territories ought to absorb some vocabulary from other languages in its way.
		Those that suggest that Swahili is an old language point to this early source for the possible antiquity of the Swahili language.
		The promotion of the Swahili language is not only in its use but also deliberate efforts are made throughout the world to include it in education curriculum for higher institutions of learning.
	www.glcom.com /hassan/swahili_history.html (1029 words)

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