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Topic: Bar Lev Line

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	Bar Lev Line - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Bar Lev Line (arabic: خط برليف, Hebrew: קו בר לב) was a chain of fortifications built by Israel along the eastern coast of the Suez Canal after it captured the Sinai Peninsula from Egypt during the 1967 Six-Day War.
		While the Bar-Lev Line was not constructed as a Maginot Line, the Israeli senior command still came to expect it to function as a graveyard for Egyptian troops, preventing any major Egyptian effort to establish bridgeheads on the east bank.
		Moreover, some say the idea of the line was counter-intuitive to the strengths of Israeli battle tactics which in their core relied on agile mobile forces moving rapidly through the battlefield rather than utilizing a heavy reliance on fixed defenses.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bar_Lev_Line (1388 words)

	State Information Service-Publications
		As the Egyptian army crossed the Suez Canal, cutting through the Bar Lev line, said The Daily Telegraph, on October 7, 1973, it changed the course of history both for Egypt and the entire Middle East.
		Crossing the Suez Canal, breaking through Bar Lev line and storming into Sinai to establish bridgeheads along the Canal coast were highly complicated tasks.
		The location is a model of a fortified point of Bar Lev line that the Egyptian forces penetrated during the October War.
	www.sis.gov.eg /En/Publications/909/914 (1251 words)

	Al-Ahram Weekly \| Dambusters on the Bar Lev Line (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		This was the enormous fortified artificial sand barrier that extended along the Bar Lev line.
		We would have to create breaches in order to allow for the passage of forces and military equipment, without which we would not be able to mount a successful penetration of the other side.
		It was this same technology that we would bring to bear on the sand barrier at the Bar Lev line.
	weekly.ahram.org.eg /1998/398/oct15.htm (460 words)

	Lebanonwire.com \| Analysis: Syria still holds the key
		The Egyptian and Syrian military managed to maintain absolute secrecy during meticulous preparation leading up to the surprise attack on Israel, which at the time occupied all of the Sinai Peninsula and faced the Egyptians across the Suez Canal behind the heavily fortified bunkers and trenches of the Bar Lev Line.
		The Israelis believed the Bar Lev Line was impregnable, thanks to its formidable fortifications.
		Their guns overheated and jammed and the surviving Egyptians made it through the defenses and captured the Bar Lev Line.
	www.lebanonwire.com /0610MLN/06100628UP.asp (745 words)

	Egypt - War of Attrition and the October 1973 War
		Egypt followed the attack with commando raids on the line itself and against Israeli patrols and rear installations.
		Early in the afternoon of October 6, 1973, Egypt launched the operation with a massive artillery barrage against Israeli positions on the eastern bank of the Suez Canal.
		Water cannons mounted on pontoons sliced gaps in the high sandbank of the Bar-Lev Line, permitting armored vehicles to cross on assault craft.
	countrystudies.us /egypt/131.htm (862 words)

	Israel Hasbara Committee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Germans simply selected two areas in which the Line was not intensely fortified, the Ardennes Forest and the French border with Belgium and cut through the Line in a matter of days.
		Israel constructed the 160 kilometer Bar Lev Line after the Six-Day War with earth and sand ramparts that were 20 meters high in some places.
		The powerful water jets washed away the sand and with this method 81 breaches were easily created in the 'impenetrable' Bar Lev Line for the Egyptian army to breach and overrun Israeli forifications.
	www.infoisrael.net /cgi-local/text.pl?source=2/a/ix/270620062 (611 words)

	Ariel Sharon and the Geometry of Occupation... Eyal Weizman - openDemocracy
		The lines of the previous international borders gradually dissolved with the welcoming in of the new lands.
		In the project of fortification that ensued, one energised by growing hostilities along the new ceasefire lines, two geometric models of defence were explored: the principle of linear fortification and a ‘matrix of strong points’ spread throughout the depth of a territory.
		The Bar-Lev Line was an immense technical undertaking that demanded the shuffling of huge quantities of sand from across the desert to the bank of the canal.
	www.mafhoum.com /press6/160P8.htm (4775 words)

	Al-Ahram Weekly \| Focus \| Major events, facts and precedents (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Hoses attached to dredging pumps in canal begin firing powerful jets of water at Bar Lev Line ramparts.
		- The Bar Lev Line, large parts of which Egyptian forces washed away in a matter of hours, had been the longest and strongest forward defense line in the history of warfare.
		The earthen rampart, constructed over a unique water barrier and containing reinforced strongholds, had an average height of 20 to 22 meters and a 45 degree incline on the side facing the canal.
	weekly.ahram.org.eg /2003/659/fo3.htm (529 words)

	[No title]
		The breeching of Bar Lev is hilighted as a model of engineering and tactical skill by most modern military academies - and I would assume that it is as St Cyr as well.
		THe "impregnable" Bar Leve line was a series of relatively non-supported outposts, hardly a greatly fortified line akin to the Maginot or the Mareth line, and only manned by 456 men of one scattered IDF infantyr brigade, in poor readiness due to the Yom Kippur Holy Day.
		Of course, the army had its supply lines cut and would have had to surrender sooner or later, but Sadat was counting on the Americans forcing the Israelis to cease hostilities as soon as Egyptian territory was invaded.
	www.strategypage.com /messageboards/messages/30-9563.asp (2478 words)

	Tthornton :
		At 2:00 p.m., October 6, 1973, Egypt attacked Israel moving 10,000 troops across the Suez Canal digging in on the east bank along the "Bar Lev" line.
		The Syrian threat was perceived as the greater of the two anyway, with the Golan Heights and the Galilee at stake.
		The problem with the Egyptians was that they were as surprised as anyone at their success up to that point and had not drawn up a battle plan beyond taking the Bar Lev line.
	www.nmhschool.org /tthornton/mehistorydatabase/1973_fourth_arab.htm (1325 words)

	The American Thinker (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Later, as Ariel Sharon was staging for his attack to encircle the Egyptian 3d Army, the situation was so dire with the poorly trained and led Israeli infantry, that Sharon was forced to call on paratroopers to mount up on half-tracks to go with his tanks into the fight.
		The opening attack across the Suez Canal and seizing the Bar-Lev line to start the Yom Kippur War is still viewed today as one of the best planned and executed operations of the 20th century.
		Also, the Israeli plan to respond to an attack on the Bar-Lev Line with massive air strikes was negated by the Egyptian placement of their air defense batteries well forward next to the Suez Canal.
	www.americanthinker.com /articles_print.php?article_id=4008 (1671 words)

	Sample text for Library of Congress control number 2003054353
		The assignment of such a unit to the Bar-Lev Line, once considered hazardous duty, reflected the relaxed situation on the Egyptian front.
		Budapest was the largest of the Bar-Lev Line fortifications, incorporating an artillery battery and a naval signals unit which maintained contact with vessels patrolling off the coast.
		Since the canal did not separate them, the only thing that could inhibit an Egyptian raid was a minefield that Budapest's previous commander had pointed out to him during their tour that morning.
	www.loc.gov /catdir/samples/random045/2003054353.html (2520 words)

	Jerusalem Post \| Breaking News from Israel, the Middle East and the Jewish World
		This advantage was bolstered by their numerical superiority as well as by improvements in equipment and training in the six years since the 1967 war.
		He declined to specify to whom he was referring, but this was taken to be a warning to Jordan, not to become involved in the war.
		Speaking in Hebrew and then in English to a combined press conference of the Israeli and foreign correspondents, Yariv said Israeli troops had "evacuated most of the Bar-Lev Line" on the Suez front and were established 3-5 kms from the Suez Canal.
	info.jpost.com /C003/Supplements/30YK/art.07.html (1406 words)

	[No title]
		[25.2] THE BAR LEV LINE [25.24] (new) Bar Lev line hexes cannot be attacked solely by Arab mechanized units attacking exclusively through Suez Canal hexsides; an infantry unit must be involved in such a cross-Canal attack.
		Any loss incurred when Arab units attack a Bar Lev line hex solely through Suez Canal hexsides must be taken by an involved infantry unit (Exception: see 24.45).
		If the only unit that could advance into a destroyed Bar Lev fort is eliminated in the attack, the fort is still destroyed.
	grognard.com /variants1/sinai.doc (1245 words)

	TIME.com: Life on the Bar-Lev Line -- Jun. 22, 1970 -- Page 1
		In the 100-mile string of underground forts and minefields known as the Bar-Lev Line, after Israel's chief of staff, peace seems remote.
		Running opposite Port Said in the north to a point opposite the city of Suez in the south, the line was finished only days before Egypt's President Gamal Abdel Nasser renounced the cease-fire and launched his "war of attrition" in March 1969.
		Daily bombardments force soldiers to spend most of the time under the desert in the strongly fortified bunkers, emerging at night for patrols and showers when shelling slackens.
	www.time.com /time/magazine/article/0,9171,944086,00.html (688 words)

	Nasser Terminates the Cease-Fire
		We have been aware and have learned from Israeli leaders' statements that the Israelis seek complete calm on the front so that they can strengthen their fortifications and turn the cease-fire line into permanent borders...
		They began its implementation at the beginning of last month rather, at the beginning of March, since today is the Ist of May. The armed forces' objective has been to destroy the Bar-Lev Line, which Israel says is indestructible and impregnable.
		General Fawzi told us in the Cabinet that the armed forces would continue to implement their plan until they completed the destruction of the remaining 40 per cent of the Bar-Lev Line that the Israeli forces have set up east of the Canal...
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/History/nasser3.html (659 words)

	Journeys to Jerusalem - Home (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Motivating participants and capturing their expectations, presentation of the process flow should culminate in idea generation, working through a top-down, bottom-up approach.
		Whether the organization's core competences are fully in line, given market realities by moving executive focus from lag financial indicators to more actionable lead indicators, from binary cause and effect to complex patterns.
		Whether the organization's core competences are fully in line, given market realities organizations capable of double-loop learning, by moving executive focus from lag financial indicators to more actionable lead indicators.
	www.barlev.net (471 words)

	Course of the Yom Kippur War 1973
		As a result of the Egyptian deception efforts, and Israeli overconfidence in the Bar Lev Line along the Suez Canal, Egyptian forces quickly and decisively overwhelmed Israeli forces in the early stages of the Yom Kippur War.
		Approximately 70,000 Egyptian troops attacked the 500 Israelis stationed along the Bar Lev Line and it was easily taken.
		In a daring drive led by General Ariel Sharon, the IDF exploited a gap between the Egyptian 2nd and 3rd Armies, crossing at Deversoir north of the Egyptian crossing, a thrust that eventually enveloped the large Egyptian Third Army and occupied the main Suez highway.
	www.palestinefacts.org /pf_1967to1991_ykwar_course.php (1319 words)

	Chaim Bar-Lev - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Adan's proposal that a high sand-dune wall be built along the east bank of the Suez Canal to prevent the Egyptian military from observing Israeli defenses along the Suez Canal.
		Behind the sand-dune a line of fixed fortifications was constructed.
		Once the front was stablized Bar-Lev directed Maj.Gen. Adan to go on the offensive and initiate Adan's plan for an invasion across the Suez Canal into Egyptian territory just north of the Great Bitter Lake.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chaim_Bar-Lev (772 words)

	Modern Monuments
		Israel occupied the Sinai Peninsula during the Six-Day War in 1967.
		They built the defence line Bar Lev on the East Bank of the Suez Canal.
		During the Jewish festival Jom Kippur, October 6, 1973, the Egyptian Army made an assault across the Canal and landed on the riverbank.
	www.arvendalstudios.com /egypt/html/ismae1.htm (155 words)

	Outpost, September 1996, p. 4
		The army was mired in the Bar Lev line, prevented from effective countermoves.
		This was the first war the IDF hurried to finish without even getting back its captives in the framework of the ceasefire agreement.
		Those who did not understand the failure, like Minister of Defense Moshe Dayan, Chief of Staff Haim Bar Lev, and his general staff, continued to celebrate victory in illustrated albums of the 1967 war.
	www.afsi.org /OUTPOST/96SEP/sep4.htm (978 words)

	What did Machiavelli say? - Haaretz - Israel News
		In 1948, for example, setbacks in the battles at Latrun, Gush Etzion and the Nebi Samuel convoy, which was carrying supplies to the besieged settlement bloc, saved Jerusalem during the war for the capital.
		This time, there is a different feeling in the air, because of the rage and fury expressed in the criticism, and because it is directed first and foremost against Israel Defense Forces commanders.
		The "Bar Lev Line" was meant to be crushed
	www.haaretz.com /hasen/spages/760288.html (963 words)

	Arutz Sheva - Israel National News
		Yogev mentioned in this connection the Bar-Lev Line that Israel built to ward off an Egyptian attack.
		The Bar-Lev Line was a series of 33 heavily fortified observation posts built after the Six-Day War atop sand ramparts 8-10 meters high along the east bank of the Suez Canal; it should be noted that then-IDF officer Ariel Sharon, already a recognized military hero, opposed it at the time.
		"The Egyptians penetrated and destroyed this line at 14 different points during the Yom Kippur War," Yogev said.
	www.israelnationalnews.com /news.php3?id=50204 (528 words)

	Sharon -- End of an Era?
		Both the defenders of Beaufort Castle and the RPG kids provided role models for future generations of Palestinian fighters for their noble cause.
		Sharon's "20-25 kilometres" did not define the end-point of the invasion (For Saadat in 1973, the Bar-Lev line was the intended end-point; for Sharon in 1982, the "20-25 kilometres" was brilliant propaganda in the service of unbridled militarism).
		Sharon was determined to go as far as he could, just as the IDF had done in 1948 and 1967.
	www.newdemocracyworld.org /War/Sharon.htm (1349 words)

	JewishGates.Com - The Definitive Source for Talmudic Learning (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Egyptian President Nasser's forces shelled Israel's positions on the east bank of the Gulf of Suez in what was called a War of Attrition.
		Israel built a huge set of fortifications all along that defense line, called the Bar Lev Line.
		Approximately 70,000 Egyptian troops crossed the Suez Canal and attacked the 500 Israelis stationed along the Bar Lev Line.
	www.jewishgates.com /file.asp?File_ID=167 (783 words)

	Sharon - the end of an era?
		The previously ridiculed Egyptian armed forces had shown that they had the ability to cross the Suez Canal and overrun the Israel Defence Forces' Bar-Lev Line.
		The Egyptians themselves didn't believe their own success, and clearly had no plan to defeat the IDF or to assist the Palestinians in their quest for national self-determination.
		(For Sadat in 1973, the Bar-Lev line was the intended end-point; for Sharon in 1982, the "20-25 kilometres" was brilliant propaganda in the service of unbridled militarism.) Sharon was determined to go as far as he could, just as the IDF had done in 1948 and 1967.
	www.redress.btinternet.co.uk /hlowi4.htm (1401 words)

	HMS MAXTON M1165 - SUEZ CANAL CLEARANCE - 1974
		Clearly seen are the "berms" (sandbank fortifications) on the left hand side of canal which marked the Israeli defence lines (the "Bar-Lev" line) at the end of the 1973 Yom Kippur War.
		We were joined in Ismailia, or rather Lake Timsah, by the USS BARNSTABLE COUNTY, who anchored in the Lake and assumed control of the Task Force.
		As well as the bar she also provided us with an opportunity to go onboard for a meal (real steak!) and of course the chance to see "DEEP THROAT" - I`m sure there were more Brits onboard to watch the movie than there were US personnel...
	hmsmaxton.tripod.com (740 words)

	Between Agranat and Winograd - Haaretz - Israel News
		The time frame of the investigation was narrowed to a minimum and only included the initial days.
		All of this was aimed at avoiding the obvious conclusion that there was a direct causal relation between holding on to the banks of the Suez canal via strongholds and the failures and heavy losses of the initial days.
		Indeed, the decision to defend Sinai from the Bar-Lev Line was a political decision, bereft of any military logic.
	www.haaretz.com /hasen/spages/771542.html (1053 words)

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