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Topic: Barbarism (grammar)

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	Barbarism (grammar) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Barbarism is a language error where a non-standard or an incorrectly formed word or expression is used.
		The word barbarism was originally used by the Greeks for foreign terms used in their language.
		Note that a barbarism is an error of morphology, while a solecism is an error of syntax.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Barbarism_(grammar) (121 words)

	Decline of Grammar - 83.12
		In their essays and in the great grammars and dictionaries, we find the most direct secular continuation of the homiletic tradition, reflecting the conviction that the mastery of polite prose is a moral accomplishment, to which we will be moved by appeals to our highest instincts.
		Barbarisms seem at first to have been a diffuse class, which included the use in polite discourse of foreign expressions, of archaisms, of "low cant" and "provincial idioms," and of the newly coined jargon of philosophers and theologians, a category later expanded to include the language of the sciences, both real and self-styled.
		One type of barbarism that does rile modern critics is borrowings from technical usage--one aspect of the tendency to refashion the language on the model of scientific discourse.
	www.ling.upenn.edu /courses/Fall_2005/ling001/Nunberg.html (10502 words)

	prescriptives - prescriptives cosmetics
		Lowth's grammar is the source of many of the prescriptive shibboleths that are studied in kentucky pennsylvania nurse practitioner prescriptive prescriptive hill's prescriptive easement new york state authority prescriptive easement schools and was the first of a long line of usage commentators to judge the language in addition to describing it.
		His approach was based largely on Latin grammar, and a number of his judgments were arrived at by applying Latin grammar to English, though this contradicted his own stated principles.
		Lowth's grammar was not written for children; nonetheless, within a decade of its appearance, versions of it were adapted for schools, and cheap prescriptives cosmetics Lowth's stylistic opinions acquired the force of law in the classroom.
	www.medicalgeo.com /Med-Topics-in-the-News-P---R/prescriptives.html (1464 words)

	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2000.12.15 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Since the history of Latin grammar and its interrelation with the Greek tradition involves many extremely difficult and to some degree almost intractable problems, any scholar working in this field must state his or her own presuppositions right at the beginning.
		The same is true for Quintilian's dividing grammar into recte loquendi scientia = methodice and enarratio auctorum = historice (I 4,2 and I 9,1): This, too, Quintilian undoubtedly owes to one of his sources, most likely Remmius Palaemon, from where the later grammarians took this diptychon.
		I 4-8 is a "sketch of a typical Roman grammar intended for schools".
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/2000/2000-12-15.html (2619 words)

	barbarism - Thesaurus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Noun: solecism; bad grammar, false grammar, faulty grammar; slip of the pen, slip of the tongue; lapsus linguae; slipslop; bull; barbarism, impropriety.
		Verb: use bad grammar, faulty grammar; solecize, commit a solecism; murder the King's English, murder the Queen's English, break Priscian's head.
		Noun: inelegance; stiffness adj.; "unlettered Muse" [Gray]; barbarism; slang ; solecism ; mannerism (affectation) ; euphuism; fustian ; cacophony; words that break the teeth, words that dislocate the jaw; marinism.
	www.yourthesaurus.net /barbarism.html (606 words)

	The CONFLICT between THALIA and BARBARISM. Desiderus Erasmus ERASMUS ROTERODAMUS Translated into English by N. Bailey ...
		BARBARISM: Take this in the first Place; there are but few that adore you, the whole World adores me; you being hardly known by any Body, lie incognito; I have extended my Name all over the World, I am well known and famous every where.
		BARBARISM: Well then, I’ll speak in brief as to what I was saying before: No Body is able to number the great Confluence of Students that flock from all Parts of the spacious World to that famous School.
		BARBARISM: As they grow in Stature, so they do in Experience; and being become perfect Masters, they are made Instructors of others: Then I discharge them, that they may live happily, and die blessedly.
	evans-experientialism.freewebspace.com /erasmus12.htm (7384 words)

	[No title]
		These rules are never mentioned in style manuals or school grammars because the authors correctly assume that anyone capable of reading the manuals must already have the rules.
		This, of course, is nonsense from beginning to end (Black English Vernacular is uncontroversially a language with its own systematic grammar), but there is no point in refuting this malicious know-nothing, for he is not participating in any sincere discussion.
		By the logic of grammar, the pronoun is free to have any case it wants.
	pinker.wjh.harvard.edu /articles/media/1994_01_24_thenewrepublic.html (6700 words)

	Test on Pinker's Grammar Puss by Naves
		Many scientists, beginning with the linguist Noam Chomsky in the late 1950's, conclude that there are specialized circuits in the human brain, and perhaps specialized genes, that create the gift of articulate speech.
		the words "rule" and "grammar" have very different meanings to a scientist and to a layperson.
		All the statements are excerpts from Pinker's Grammar Puss
	www.ub.es /filoan/DG1TestPinker'sGrammarPuss.html (1249 words)

	Eggleston, Transit of Civilization, ch. 5
		These early schools with their skimmed-milk asceticism at least show the human soul in insurrection against the sordidness of barbarism, but they interest us here because from them is plainly traceable across the ages for nearly fifteen hundred years the long line of a tradition and habit of education.
		A boy from the grammar school unable to write his mother tongue with any fluency and ignorant of the multiplication table was not fitted for the counting house, where his dexterity in cobbling Latin verses would avail nothing.
		This provision for grammar schools, as the preamble implies, was intended to be the capital feature of the law, but it could not be enforced.
	www.dinsdoc.com /eggleston-2-5.htm (14358 words)

	"The complete consort dancing together [...]" - interaction in e-mail.
		Barbarism is a bad part of speech in ordinary speech, in poetic discourse it is called metaplasm.
		In our language it is called barbarism, in the speech of foreigners it is called barbarolexis, as if someone were to say mastruga `sheepskin' (a Sardinian word), cateia `club' (a Celto- Germanic word), magalia `hut' (a Punic word).
		There is another type of grammar which is intended to be descriptive and, as such, is based on the observation of language use.
	www.geocities.com /SoHo/8604/thesis.html (19043 words)

	Francesco Filelfo
		Filelfo was destined to carry on their work in the field of Latin literature, and to be an important agent in the still unaccomplished recovery of Greek culture.
		His earliest studies in grammar, rhetoric and the Latin language were conducted at Padua, where he acquired so great a reputation for learning that in 1417 he was invited to teach eloquence and moral philosophy at Venice.
		According to the custom of that age in Italy, it now became his duty to explain the language, and to illustrate the beauties of the principal Latin authors, Cicero and Virgil being considered the chief masters of moral science and of elegant diction.
	www.nndb.com /people/732/000096444 (1766 words)

	Steven Pinker \| Grammar Puss
		Prescriptive and descriptive grammar are completely different things, and there is a good reason that scientists focus on the descriptive rules.
		Most of the hobgoblins of contemporary prescriptive grammar (don't split infinitives, don't end a sentence with a preposition) can be traced back to these 18th Century fads.
		It had the misfortune of not becoming the standard of government and education, and large parts of the "grammar" curriculum in American schools have been dedicated to stigmatizing it as ungrammatical sloppy speech.
	camba.ucsd.edu /~bakovic/ll/grammar_puss.html (6910 words)

	Newman Reader - Grammar of Assent - Chapter 4
		The iniquity, for instance, of the slave-trade ought to have been acknowledged by all men from the first; it was acknowledged by many, but it needed an organized agitation, with tracts and speeches innumerable, so to affect the imagination of men as to make their acknowledgment of that iniquitousness operative.
		Wilberforce;" as if he accepted a notion without realizing a fact: at length, the growing intelligence of the community, and the shock inflicted upon it by the tragical circumstances of a particular duel, were fatal to that barbarism.
		The governing classes were roused from their dreamy acquiescence in an abstract truth, and recognized the duty of giving it practical expression.
	www.newmanreader.org /works/grammar/chapter4-2.html (4062 words)

	Book 1 - Chapter 5: Quintilian's Institutes of Oratory
		Another kind of barbarism is that which we regard as proceeding from the natural disposition, when he, by whom anything has been uttered insolently or threateningly or cruelly, is said to have spoken like a barbarian.
		For dua, tre, and pondo, are barbarisms of discordant gender; yet the compounds duapondo, "two pounds," and trepondo, "three pounds," have been used by everybody down to our own times, and Messala maintains that they are used with propriety.
		Those who speak of it most fully make the nature of it fourfold, like that of the barbarism, so that it may be committed by addition (as nam enim, de susum, in Alexandriam); by retrenchment (as Ambulo viam, Aegypto venio, ne hoc fecit); 39.
	www.public.iastate.edu /~honeyl/quintilian/1/chapter5.html (3274 words)

	Do You Speak American . What Speech Do We Like Best? . Correct American . Decline \| PBS
		Here is Fowler: Each and the rest are all singular; that is undisputed; in a perfect language there would exist pronouns and possessives that were of as doubtful gender as they and yet were, like them, singular; i.e., it would have words meaning him-or-her, himself-or-herself, his-or-her.
		Before we can talk about how to put grammar back on its moral and intellectual feet, we must consider what grammatical criticism has been all about in the English-speaking world, and how we have come to the present sad state of affairs.
		CRITICS have shown themselves to be relatively flexible in their resistance to barbarisms.
	www.pbs.org /speak/speech/correct/decline (10801 words)

	Language Log: A Hearty Second for Richard Grant White
		I say this guardedly, because all grammars of English appear to be antique these days, with the notable exception, of course, of Huddleston and Pullum's Cambridge Grammar of...
		I say this guardedly, because all grammars of English appear to be antique these days, with the notable exception, of course, of Huddleston and Pullum's Cambridge Grammar of the English Language (note: we newly hired should always flatter the corporate high mucky-mucks).
		"Its complication, so far from being an element of its power, is a sign of rudeness, and a remnant of barbarism; that the Greek and Latin authors were great, not by reason of the verbal forms and the grammatical structure of their languages, but in spite of them.
	itre.cis.upenn.edu /~myl/languagelog/archives/002907.html (486 words)

	Disputed English grammar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (via CobWeb/3.1 planet03.csc.ncsu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		A case of disputed English grammar arises when there is disagreement about whether a given construction constitutes correct English.
		There are a number of fairly long-standing cases of disputed English grammar (some of which are summarized below), and each has its own peculiarities; nonetheless, people use, and historically have used, many of the same arguments in justifying their positions in various cases.
		Since the rules of grammar are largely conventional, constructions seen as older and better established are often seen as superior; by contrast, those seen as recent innovations (see Neologism) are often criticized, usually because they are originally associated with speakers who are uneducated or unfamiliar with the traditional rules.
	en.wikipedia.org.cob-web.org:8888 /wiki/Disputed_English_grammar (1159 words)

	’Twere Well Said, Were it Said Grammatically by Terrence Moore (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Notwithstanding this caveat, it must be observed that at the grammar stage of learning, children ought to learn how to speak and write grammatically.
		Upper elementary and middle school students who are corrected for improper grammar will respond, "But that doesn’t sound right." Unfortunately, students are often better reporters than philologists.
		In short, were each teacher to have his students speak well and to use good grammar, he would commit fewer grammatical mistakes of his own and help his charges speak better than we.
	www.ashbrook.org /publicat/oped/moore/04/grammar.html (873 words)

	[No title]
		Zetzel, 'Wisdom, Authority and Grammar in the Seventh Century: Decoding Virgilius Maro Grammaticus', Bryn Mawr Medieval Review 9510 URL = http://hegel.lib.ncsu.edu/stacks/serials/bmmr/bmmr-9510-zetzel-wisdom @@@@95.10.5, Law, Wisdom, Authority and Grammar Vivien Law, Wisdom, Authority and Grammar in the Seventh Century: Decoding Virgilius Maro Grammaticus.
		Within the predictable medieval tradition of grammatical works based on, or commenting on, Donatus' artes, however, one author stands out for sheer strangeness, the mysterius Virgilius Maro, who was probably Irish and probably writing in the middle of the seventh century.
		Law argues that the works of Virgilius are both too long and too complex to be simply parody, and that the unusual mixture of traditions and genres within his works suggests that he is concerned with more than just grammar.
	www.infomotions.com /serials/bmmr/bmmr-9510-zetzel-wisdom.txt (1781 words)

	Anglicism (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.umd.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Because English itself borrowed a great amount of French vocabulary after the Norman Conquest, some Anglicisms are actually Old French words that dropped from usage over the centuries in French itself but were preserved in English, and have now come full circle back into French.
		Official language (as given by the Language Planning Office) deprecates anglicisms, and for the most part, native constructions are sufficient even in spoken language.
		An example of borrowing grammar is the English you-passive.
	anglicism.iqnaut.net.cob-web.org:8888 (911 words)

	The Grammarphobia Blog
		When questions of grammar arose in the 18th century, Latin scholars sought to impose the rules of Latin on English.
		A lot of former "rules" of grammar are old myths invented by Latinists in the 18th and 19th centuries.
		In English we express the plural of "you" with "you two" or "you three" or, in Katie Couric's case, "you all." But in Latin languages it is expressed with one word that, literally translated would be "yous" (for example: "vous" in French or "vosotros" in Spanish).
	www.grammarphobia.com /blog (14430 words)

	dog or higher: barbarism
		In Singapore, the barbarity of the death penalty (per capita far ahead of any nations, even the chinese and USA) is compounded by it being mandatory - a judge cannot commute a sentence, regardless of the situation of the defendent.
		In 2003, Howard said "The reason I don't support capital punishment is pragmatic." He went on to say "I know lots of Australians who believe that a death penalty is appropriate and they are not barbaric, they're not insensitive, they're not vindictive, they're not vengeful..." [quote from SMH].
		To call someone barbaric because their ideas don't "sit well" with your own denies that fact.
	westciv.typepad.com /dog_or_higher/2005/12/barbarism.html (3479 words)

	Grammar and Style Notebook
		As I said on the first day of class, writing correctly and writing well are two different matters: the former has to do with mechanical issues -- grammar, syntax, usage, spelling, and punctuation -- while the latter encompasses such things as thesis, voice, style, rhythm, organization, and argument.
		Without a firm grasp of the basic rules of the language, you will have little control over your own writing; instead, it will control you, leaving you feeling frustrated and inarticulate.
		Unfortunately, certain shifts in pedagogical fashion during the 1960s and '70s meant that most of us were never formally trained in grammar, spelling, or punctuation.
	instruct1.cit.cornell.edu /courses/hist100.81/grammar.html (684 words)

	chomsky.info : What's New
		Hauser argues that the moral grammar operates in much the same way as the universal grammar proposed by the linguist Noam Chomsky as the innate neural machinery for language.
		The universal grammar is a system of rules for generating syntax and vocabulary but does not specify any particular language.
		I have been writing on terrorism for 25 years, ever since the Reagan administration came in 1981 and declared that the leading focus of its foreign policy was going to be a war on terror.
	www.chomsky.info /2006_10_01_archive.htm (1598 words)

	Barbarism (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.umd.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		A barbarism is a word or expression that is not standard in a language.
		---- Barbarism is a form of art also known as primitivism.
		---- Barbarism may refer to a civilisation that has lapsed from a "higher" historical era in terms of its social structure, technology, etc. It may also be a (pejorative) description of one civilisation by another that considers itself sociologically or technologically its superior.
	barbarism.kiwiki.homeip.net.cob-web.org:8888 (267 words)

	-- Beliefnet.com
		But to say that irreligion encourages savagery is not the same as asserting that separationism favors paganism.
		There is, between irreligious barbarism and secularist separationism, a tertium quid.
		I was still in grammar school when the "released time" program was instituted--an undertaking that used hours of the public-school day to send pupils to local churches for religious instruction.
	www.beliefnet.com /story/1/story_128_2.html (462 words)

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