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	Wikinfo \| First Barbary War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The First Barbary War (1801 - 1805, also known as the Barbary Coast War or the Tripolitan War) was one of two wars fought between the United States of America and the semi-autonomous North African city-states of Morocco, Algiers, Tunis, and Tripoli, known collectively as the Barbary States.
		For them, the First Barbary War was one in a series of punitive wars that signalled their weakened status and foreshadowed eventual colonialization by France in the 1820s.
		Distracted by the preludes to the War of 1812, the Americans were unable to respond to the provocation until 1815, with the Second Barbary War.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=First_Barbary_War (1253 words)

	War of 1812 - Printer-friendly - MSN Encarta
		Its best leaders were veterans of the successful wars of 1801 to 1805 against the Barbary Coast pirates, North African raiders who had preyed on U.S. merchant ships in the Mediterranean.
		As hostilities loomed, Congress authorized a regular army of 35,000 men, but when the United States officially declared war in June 1812, the actual land force was less than 10,000 and nearly half of these soldiers were raw recruits.
		However, opposition to the war was so strong in New England that the governors of Massachusetts and Connecticut refused to call up their militia in response to President Madison's request for troops.
	encarta.msn.com /text_761571913___3/War_of_1812.html (559 words)

	What's in a name? With 'war,' there's plenty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		But in purely legal terms it's an undeclared war because Congress hasn't officially declared a state of war, and legal experts say there are a number of consequences and problems cropping up because of that peculiar status.
		War has raged on several occasions under resolutions or congressional authorizations of military funding that have fallen short of declarations of war.
		Wars are traditionally conducted between nations, but neither bin Laden nor al Qaeda is a country, and neither leads a country.
	www.thedailycamera.com /news/terror/jan02/04awar.html (822 words)

	Unique Facts About the United States of America: The Barbary Wars
		The First Barbary War (1801–1805, also known as the Barbary Coast War or the Tripolitan War) was one of two wars fought between the United States of America and the North African empire of Morocco and city-states of Algiers, Tunis, and Tripoli, known collectively as the Barbary States.
		The turning point in the war came with the Battle of Derne, after a remarkably daring overland attack on the Tripolitan city of Derna by a combined force of American marines and Arab, Greek and Berber mercenaries under the command of ex-consul William Eaton and Lieutenant Presley O'Bannon.
		The gains of the war furthered the confidence of Thomas Jefferson to regard any threat to the liberty of the American people an act of war and furthered his conclusion that war is the only way to sustain liberty.
	www.sheppardsoftware.com /usaweb/factfile/Unique-facts-USA24.htm (1404 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Tripolitan War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Appointed a midshipman in 1799, he served in the Tripolitan War, was promoted to lieutenant (1807), and from 1807 to 1809 was engaged in building gunboats.
		In the War of 1812, as commander of the Hornet, he defeated and sank (1813) the British Peacock.
		The War on Terrorism and the modern relevance of the congressional power to "declare war".
	www.encyclopedia.com /articles/13060.html (683 words)

	The Mariners' Museum : Birth of the U.S. Navy
		The Barbary pirates' methods were fairly simple: cruising the Mediterranean in small, fast ships, they boarded merchant ships, overwhelmed the crew, and took them captive.
		Jefferson had long disagreed with the policy of paying tribute and argued that it would be cheaper to build a navy than give in to the sultans' ever-increasing demands.
		However, though Sterrett's victory was clear, the United States had not yet officially declared war on Tripoli, and therefore could not claim the ship as a prize.
	www.mariner.org /usnavy/06/06a.htm (2015 words)

	War Powers Act or how to avoid declaring war on another nation! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Korean War was not a war authorized by the U.S. Congress.
		Those who believe that formal declarations of war are not necessary say that an absence of a formal declaration does not necessary mean that a military conflict will be chaotic and unlawful; in many cases the rules of war are now well enough accepted to make formal declarations unnecessary.
		The Barbary Coast War was clearly waged against a political entity not regarded as the legitimate government of its nation of operation; the Border War, quietly declared as it was, was waged against a single person, Pancho Villa.
	www.ptsdsupport.net /war_powers_act.html (1596 words)

	The Coast Guard at War
		With the declaration of war against Germany on 6 April 1917, a coded dispatch was transmitted from Washington to every cutter and shore station of the Coast Guard.
		The Coast Guard was asked to participate in the Vietnam War by the Army, Navy, and Air Force and performed a variety of duties.
		The Coast Guard was foremost among the agencies slated to become a constituent of the new department.
	www.uscg.mil /hq/g-cp/history/h_CGatwar.html (5645 words)

	Veterans Museum & Memorial Center, In Memoriam, World War I, 1917 - 1918
		Between the War for Independence and Operation Iraqi Freedom, the armed forces of the United States have participated in twenty-one principal wars and in numerous smaller conflicts and operations.
		Nevertheless, President Wilson had been eager since early in the war to serve as an impartial mediator to bring the conflict to a definitive end, and he came to the realization as the war dragged on that American participation in the combat would be his only sure entrée to peace negotiations.
		Rather than the permanent peace that should have provided a fitting legacy to the "war to end all wars," Woodrow Wilson's ambitious and idealistic plan to shape the postwar world yielded a deeply flawed peace that lasted less than twenty years before the world was engulfed by war once again.
	www.veteranmuseum.org /worldwar-one.html (943 words)

	Terrorism In Early America
		And, a time when war would be fought, not with large concentrations of military might, but by small bands peopled with individuals of indomitable spirit.
		Among the famous prisoners ransomed from the shackles of Barbary were St. Vincent de Paul, and Miguel de Cervantes, author of Don Quixote (Castor, 1971).
		Turkey, overlord of Barbary, was an ally of Britain.
	earlyamerica.com /review/2002_winter_spring/terrorism.htm (3640 words)

	Barbary Coast
		What was to become the "Barbary Coast" initially formed around a group of Chileno harlots and thieves living along the waterfront at Broadway and Pacific Streets.
		The "Barbary Coast" continued to exist well into the twentieth century occupying the area between the waterfront, Chinatown, and North Beach.
		The "Barbary Coast" of today is still something of a tourist attraction, but is a pale shadow of it's former self.
	www.inn-california.com /Articles/history/barbarycoast.html (891 words)

	The Thomas Jefferson Papers - America and the Barbary Pirates - (American Memory from the Library of Congress)
		Tripoli, the least considerable of the Barbary States, had come forward with demands unfounded either in right or in compact, and had permitted itself to denounce war, on our failure to comply before a given day.
		However, it was not until 1805, when an American fleet under Commodore John Rogers and a land force raised by an American naval agent to the Barbary powers, Captain William Eaton, threatened to capture Tripoli and install the brother of Tripoli's pasha on the throne, that a treaty brought an end to the hostilities.
		In fact, it was not until the second war with Algiers, in 1815, that naval victories by Commodores William Bainbridge and Stephen Decatur led to treaties ending all tribute payments by the United States.
	memory.loc.gov /ammem/collections/jefferson_papers/mtjprece.html (1172 words)

	"Millions for defense, but not one cent for tribute!" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In 1529, in his treatise "On War Against the Turk," Martin Luther exhorted the rulers of Europe to put aside their petty rivalries and unite against the threat posed by Islam.
		The Barbary Coast of Northern Africa consisted of the four states of Algiers, Morocco, Tripoli, and Tunis.
		For the three years of the War of 1812 (1812-1814) English warships were dominant on the High Seas and the Mediterranean.
	www.zianet.com /wblase/endtimes/barbary.htm (3460 words)

	index-home
		Laid out here are the frigate duels of the War of 1812, the confrontation of ironclads during the Civil War, the World War II carrier battles in the Pacific, and the amphibious landings in Korea.
		It was a war of surprises: the previously omnipotent Royal Navy suffered a series of of humiliating losses at sea, while the American invasion of Canada was stopped by a makeshift force of colonial militia, native Indians, and a handful of regulars.
		Mostly a war of the wits known as "The Great Terror," it was a time of secret agents, murder, political intrigue, and secret new weapons-all brilliantly captured in this book by one of the world's foremost authorities of the period.
	www.sea-room.com /History.html (3161 words)

	USS Constitution's Battle Record
		The Quasi War between the French and the Americans was waged from 1797 to 1801 in the Atlantic and the West Indies.
		Again her mission was to protect American merchants, this time from the powers of the Barbary Coast of North Africa.
		The highlight of her military action in that conflict was the bombardment of Tripoli with the rest of the U.S. fleet in late summer 1804.
	www.history.navy.mil /docs/war1812/const1.htm (753 words)

	Commodore Hull (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The match was fortuitous and he commanded her brilliantly during the War of 1812.
		This 74 gun warship, launched as the war with Britain ended in 1814, was the largest built in the United States to that date.
		Commodore Hull's post war assignments were Commander of the Pacific Squadron, Commandant of the Washington Navy Yard, and Commander of the US Mediterranean Squadron.
	home.earthlink.net /~usshull1/Comm-Hull.htm (842 words)

	Barbary Coast - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Barbary Coast, or Barbary, was the term used by Europeans until the 19th century to refer to the coastal regions of what is now Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya.
		It also evokes the Barbary pirates, based on the North African coast, who attacked shipping in the Mediterranean and North Atlantic.
		However, from a European perspective its "capital" or chief city was often considered to be Tripoli, in modern-day Libya, although Algiers, in Algeria, and Tangiers, in Morocco, were also sometimes seen as its "capital" by Europeans of the era.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Barbary_Coast (252 words)

	Pirates & Privateers: the History of Maritime Piracy - Barbary Corsairs
		The Barbary corsairs were privateers of the Ottoman Empire rather than pirates.
		Comparisons are often made between the Barbary corsairs and the Buccaneers (Caribbean pirates of the mid-seventeenth century), but there are more differences than similarities between these two groups.
		The Barbary Corsairs: Warfare in the Mediterranean, 1480-1580.
	www.cindyvallar.com /barbarycorsairs.html (2083 words)

	Veterans Museum & Memorial Center, In Memoriam, Vietnam War, 1964 - 1973
		In order to limit the risk of a wider war with Ho's main patrons, China and the Soviet Union, Johnson and Westmoreland held back from any attempt to annihilate North Vietnam, choosing instead to fight a war of attrition in the South.
		Consequently, the Vietnam War appeared to many to be a "working class war," with draftees and enlisted men coming disproportionately from blue-collar backgrounds.
		According the Department of Defense, the direct monetary cost of the war came to $173 billion, to which should be added "potential veterans' benefits costs of $220 billion and interest of $31 billion." The myriad indirect costs of the war may defy any final accounting.
	www.veteranmuseum.org /vietnamwar.html (1527 words)

	WikiMiki.net - 1935 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The most picturesque incident in the war was the expedition undertaken by William Eaton with the object of replacing the pasha with an elder brother living in exile, who had promised to accede to all the wishes of the United States.
		In 1835 the Turks took advantage of a local civil war to reassert their direct authority, and after that date Tripoli was under the direct control of the Sublime Porte, rebellions in 1842 and 1844 being unsuccessful.
		But his successful war against Abyssinia (Ethiopia) in 1935–1936 was opposed by the League of Nations, this eventually led to Hitler seeking an alliance with fascist Italy.
	1935.en.wikimiki.net (8492 words)

	Barbary coast hotel in las vegas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Barbary Coast Hotel Las Vegas, Guaranteed LOW Reservation Rates...
		The Barbary Coast is a first class, hotel and casino in the heart of the Las Vegas strip, on a corner opposite from Bellagio and Caesars Palace,...
		Barbary Coast, located at the center of the Strip and the Orleans.
	945.flblof.info (1334 words)

	History of Men Dancing
		Following in the tradition of Ted Shawn and his Men Dancers, the Barbary Coast Cloggers is an all-male dance company based in San Francisco.
		This essay will examine the evolution of war dances and the expression of male aggression through dances from the Philippines, Angola, Brazil and the United States.
		Chapter 2: Societies have struggled to grow from one generation to the next, and this journey is cataloged in the dances of the times.
	www.barbarycoast.org /HIStory.htm (226 words)

	http://www.qando.net/ - "a triumph for the idea of freedom and democracy"
		The War on Terror has often been compared to other various historical conflicts—e.g., the Barbary Coast War, WWII, Vietnam, etc—with varying degrees of accuracy.
		Interestingly, the War on Terror is being waged on some of the same grounds—the superiority of democracy and of our values—on which we waged the Cold War.
		A semi-defensive posture has been devoloped in this War on Terror that is similar to the Cold War - the USA does not attack the theocracies of Iran and Saudi directly, just like it did not attack Russia or China.
	www.qando.net /details.aspx?Entry=3115 (746 words)

	The Barbary Wars (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		As the American minister to France, he strongly urged a multinational alliance to "reduce the piratical states to peace." Pick them off one at a time "through the medium of war," so the others get the message, and they'll give up their piracy too.
		That provoked Tripoli to declare war on us, as if this young, upstart pup of a nation had any right to stand up for its principles.
		One more footnote: France finally settled the hash of the Barbary Coast states in 1830 when it simply went in and took over the place.
	www.grunt.com /scuttlebutt/corps-stories/othereras/barbarywars.asp (818 words)

	First Barbary War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The monarchy of Morocco, which, by the time of the Barbary Wars was equally well-known for supporting piracy.
		The nations of Britain and France had come to uneasy ententes with the pirates; a combination of military might, diplomacy, and under-the-counter payments had kept ships flying the Union Jack or French flag more or less safe from attack.
		Wearied of the blockade and raids, and now under threat of a continued advance on Tripoli proper and a scheme to restore his deposed, older brother Hamet Karamanli as ruler, Yussif Karamanli signed a treaty ending hostilities on June 10, 1805.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/First_Barbary_War (1682 words)

	Barbary Coast Trail: Audio Tours
		Note: Each of the two Barbary Coast Trail Audio Tours are about 75 MB, and each takes approximately five minutes to download for users with a DSL connection to the internet.
		You’ll hear the rumble of the 1906 earthquake and the roar of the fire.
		Hear a tong war battle in Chinatown, and listen to a Beat poet startle the nation.
	www.barbarycoasttrail.org /audio_tours.htm (348 words)

	San Francisco Historical Society - Barbary Coast Trail
		Become a Barbary Coast Trail sponsor and have your name cast in a bronze medallion that marks the trail.
		To assist your exploration of historic San Francisco, two Barbary Coast Trail Guides are available at local bookstores.
		The Barbary Coast Trail connects 20 historic sites, including the birthplace of the Gold Rush, the oldest Asian temple in North America, a Silver King mansion, the western terminus of the Pony Express, and the largest collection of historic ships in the United States.
	www.sfhistory.org /index.php?pageid=5 (257 words)

	RPG Now: Barbary Coast War
		1.85 MB The Barbary Coast Wars is a low priced introductory historical board game covering the conflict between the United States and the Barbary Coast States in the early days of the US republic.
		In 1799 the United States agreed to pay an annual tribute to the Pasha of Tribili, the foremost of the Barbary States of North Africa.
		For centuries the Barbary States had been a major force for piracy in the Mediterranean and demanded tribute from many nations to allow for safe passage of merchant ships.
	www.rpgnow.com /product_info.php?cPath=3_326&products_id=5287& (388 words)

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