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Topic: Barbershop (musical style)

	The Chesapeake Harmony Chorus \| Barbershop (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Barbershop harmony's four voice parts are still called by their traditional names - tenor, lead, baritone and bass - whether referring to men or women's vocal groups.
		Barbershop singing is no longer restricted to male quartets; there are many women's quartets, and both men's and women's choruses now enjoy this unique art form.
		Four-part harmony, barbershop style, has unique characteristics that contribute to the thrilling "lock-and-ring" sound, which results when the music is sung with skill and energy.
	www.chesapeakeharmony.com /barbershop.html (348 words)

	Sweet Adelines International Singers
		Barbershop music, with its close, unaccompanied four-part harmonies and ringing chords, is a uniquely American folk art.
		Although no one can say exactly when or where barbershop music began, the growth of the tradition was certainly aided between the 1860s and 1920s by the types of songs popular at the time - songs characterized by sentimental lyrics and uncomplicated melodies that could be harmonized with a variety of four-part chords.
		The barbershop harmony of today is a highly stylized art form requiring the same high degree of singing skill as other types of choral music.
	www.sweetadelineintl.org /history-barbershop.cfm (367 words)

	What is Barbershop Harmony?
		Barbershop harmony is a style of unaccompanied singing in which three voices harmonize to a melody.
		Barbershopping, which originated before the turn of the century right here in the good old USA, is basically a kind of 4-part a cappella singing (i.e., no accompaniment by musical instruments).
		The style is further identified by the use of chords that are harmonious (pleasing).
	mywebpages.comcast.net /leklein/barbershop_harmony.htm (294 words)

	Barbershop Style Presentation by David Wright (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		However it is clearly barbershop in that it stays within the barbershop chord vocabulary, features solid voicings, places the melody in the second tenor, and fills the gaps in the melody with creative echoes in barbershop fashion.
		The barbershop style as currently defined and practiced is uniquely distinguished amongst vocal styles and has achieved a place of respect and admiration in the world of vocal music.
		It is my perception, as a student of barbershop harmony as it existed over many generations, that the trends we hear today are generally in line with the natural development and evolution of the style that has been occurring for 150 years.
	www.spebsqsa.org /web/groups/public/documents/pages/pub_id_044942.hcsp (2956 words)

	Barbershop Tutorial (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Technically speaking, barbershop harmony is a style of unaccompanied singing with three voices harmonizing to the melody.
		The "barbershop" style of music is first associated with fl southern quartets of the 1870s, such as The American Four and The Hamtown Students.
		The first written use of the word "barbershop" when referring to harmonizing came in 1910, with the publication of the song, "Play That Barbershop Chord"—evidence that the term was in common parlance by that time.
	www.spebsqsa.org /web/groups/public/documents/pages/pub_id_000827.hcsp (1327 words)

	The historical roots of barbershop harmony (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Barbershop quartets often are characterized as four dandies, perhaps bedecked with straw hats, striped vests and handlebar mustaches.
		Barbershop music was indeed borne out of informal gatherings of amateur singers in such unpretentious settings as the local barber shop.
		Perhaps the most common rhythmic propellant in barbershop music is the "echo." The echo is closely related to call-and-response pattern and usually occurs at the end of a musical phrase while the melody is holding a note.
	www.barbershop.org /web/groups/public/documents/pages/pub_cb_00167.hcsp (2689 words)

	Is the foundation of barbershop being erased? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		But unlike the “solution,” it did have the overriding aim to preserve a style of musical expression that was solidified before the founding of SPEBSQSA and that many felt was in danger of slipping away bit by tiny bit.
		Because the barbershop style arose and flourished as catch-as-catch-can “ear music,” I believe it should be incumbent upon our judging system, and specifically upon the Music category, to attempt to preserve this now-vanishing feature of the style.
		The occurrence of these harmonies in too much barbershop show music and their occasional appearances in contest music are perfect examples of the “non-barbershop creep” that is infiltrating and contaminating the barbershop style.
	www.barbershop.org /web/groups/public/documents/pages/pub_cb2_00551.hcsp (2133 words)

	The Barbershop Style
		The hallmark of the style is 4-part harmony arranged such that the melody is surrounded above and below by the three harmony parts.
		Many different types of music are adaptable to the barbershop style, from hymns and gospel through to doo-wop, swing and show tunes.
		While the occasional popular song can be found in a barbershop repertoire, the style is best suited to songs from an earlier era -- an era when songwriters tended to write lyrics that told a story, with melodies that invited harmony, sung from the heart.
	www.harmonize.com /NorthlandChorus/barbershopstyle.htm (195 words)

	LABBS - the barbershop style
		Barbershop harmony is a style of unaccompanied vocal music characterised by consonant four-part chords for every melody note in a predominantly homophonic texture.
		Barbershop music features songs with understandable lyrics and easily singable melodies, whose tones clearly define a tonal centre and imply major and minor chords and barbershop (dominant and secondary dominant) seventh chords that resolve primarily around the circle of fifths, while making frequent use of other resolutions.
		Barbershop singers adjust pitches to achieve perfectly tuned chords in just intonation whilst remaining true to the established tonal centre.
	www.labbs.org.uk /about/bbshop.shtml (314 words)

	Bay Area Showcase Chorus, Musical Style
		This style is one of the few music forms that originated in the United States.
		Songs that are considered barbershop were written near the beginning of the 20th century or have been written to meet the specific criteria that defines barbershop.
		Music is sung unaccompanied with four voice parts.
	us.1.p.geocities.com /bayareashowcase/style.htm (186 words)

	Barbershop music - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Barbershop harmony, as codified during the barbershop revival era (1940s-present), is a style of a cappella, or unaccompanied vocal music characterized by consonant four-part chords for every melody note in a predominantly homophonic texture.
		What sets barbershop apart from other musical styles is the predominant use of the dominant-type seventh chords, which are however not typical tempered dominant seventh chords, but justly tuned otonal tetrads; where for example the voices are at frequencies in the proportion 4:5:6:7, thus matching the harmonics of the voices quite accurately.
		Barbershop singing is performed both by men's and women's groups; the elements of the barbershop style and the names of the voice parts are the same for both.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Barbershop_music (2831 words)

	What is Barbershop? Answers from Brian Beck and Joe Liles
		The object of this clinic here in China is to introduce you to the style, and to have you enjoy singing several songs in the barbershop style, both in English and in Chinese.
		In the United States in the early part of the 20th Century, radio, theatre, and sheet music made it easy and common for the average person with any interest in music to know and be able to sing hundreds of popular songs.
		Barbershop music is probably the only style of music that takes advantage of all these principles.
	webpages.charter.net /toma/mixedbarbershop/2d.whatisbbshop.html (927 words)

	Sweet Adelines International Singers
		This is the very heart of barbershop singing and is the essence of barbershop's heritage.
		The final portion of a barbershop arrangement, usually containing very interesting chord progressions that are fun to sing.
		Tags may be sung separately from the song and are often used both by quartets and choruses for the purpose of practicing to achieve complete chord excellence.
	www.sweetadelineintl.org /barbershop-criteria.cfm (357 words)

	RARB Review of Michigan Jake - How Rhythm Was Born
		Look, four guys singing in as tight and technical a style as barbershop DO in fact have certain constraints placed upon them, lest they risk stepping too far outside the bounds of their chosen musical style.
		Half the tracks are splendid if relatively straightforward and typical of the style — but the desire to experiment a bit and push the envelope just a smidge bodes well for the future of barbershop in the a cappella community.
		It may be because the album opens with one of my favorite songs from musical theater with some sassy jazz chords and a cool slide near the end in which the voice parts cross one another within the chord.
	www.rarb.org /reviews/570.html (1026 words)

	SHAWNEE HILLS BARBERSHOP CHORUS
		We are the Harrisburg, IL chapter of the Barbershop Harmony Society.
		Barbershop Harmony is for men who like to sing and who enjoy the sound of male voices blending chords in the Barbershop style.
		Barbershop Harmony expresses a message from an era when people enjoyed the simpler pleasures of life.
	www.harmonize.com /shawneehills (255 words)

	Barbershop (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.virginia.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		These four voice-parts are the lead, which carries the melody, the bass, which sings the bass-line and carries the rhythm, the tenor, which is the high harmony, and the baritone, which fills in the chord.
		Artful barbershop means that there's a fullness in sound caused by correct intonation and a unity in the sound of the ensemble.
		Barbershop music must be presented in a lively, natural way.
	www.jfks.de.cob-web.org:8888 /index.php?id=641 (208 words)

	Spring Valley Chorus, Schaumburg, IL
		Barbershop songs are sung by men and women across the world.
		Since the key to barbershop music is its harmony, it is especially important to pay attention to accuracy in tuning and to singing with good breath support.
		Barbershop singers learn to expand their knowledge of music and vocal production.
	wannerrr1.home.comcast.net /barbershop.htm (332 words)

	Musical Island Boys barbershop quartet
		Originally from Tawa College, the Musical Island Boys have gone from strength to strength over time, and continue to strive to perfect the craft of a cappella singing in the barbershop style.
		She has directed barbershop at Tawa College for a number of years, and last year Tawa College won every section of the 2003 National Barbershop Finals in Wellington, all under the directorship of Charlotte.
		Jeffrey (19) is second year studying towards a BA in Music and Media Studies, and Lusa (20) is studying a BSc in Chemistry and Mathematics, and a BTeach in teacher education.
	www.singers.com /barbershop/musicalislandboys.html (1012 words)

	Countertenor (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.virginia.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The countertenor voice has grown over the years, in variety of tone within the individual and within the voice type as a whole, to the point where some male singers are not easy to distinguish from female singers.
		Originally a church singer, he was at the forefront of the early music movement.
		The barbershop tenor range is, as notated, Bb-below-middle C to D-above-high-C (and sung an octave lower).
	www.mp3.fm.cob-web.org:8888 /Countertenor.htm (878 words)

	History of Barbershop Music
		arbershop music, with its close, unaccompanied four-part harmonies and ringing chords, is a uniquely American folk art.
		t the turn of the century amateur singers, usually men, could often be heard singing improvised barbershop harmony at parties and picnics.
		This follows the pattern of many early American hyms written for men and women, with the melody in the male tenor voice and the women singing harmony above.
	www.glcsing.org /History.html (367 words)

	Broadway: The American Musical . Stars Over Broadway . Stephen Sondheim \| PBS
		Sondheim's partnership with the director/producer Hal Prince resulted in Tony Awards for Best Musical Scores for three consecutive years (1971-1973), and "Pacific Overtures" (1976) was hailed as a landmark in American musical theater because of its masterful use of traditional Japanese theater elements.
		Hammerstein's critical evaluation of "By George" initiated a four-year relationship that was decisive in formulating the young artist's style.
		Similarly, he maintained his musical individuality even while operating in the adopted Eastern musical style of "Pacific Overtures." Sondheim's consistent ability to merge words and music that hint at the deeper personality beneath the prototype character distinguished him as a composer of rare ingenuity and talent.
	www.pbs.org /wnet/broadway/stars/sondheim_s.html (1113 words)

	Impulse -- An A cappella Quartet -- What is Barbershop? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		These are all valid responses; however, barbershoping has come a long way over time.
		While all these changes have occurred to expand the scope of what barbershop singing was all about years ago to what it is today, the style has remained intact.
		If you haven't given barbershop a try because of old preconceived notions, it's time you put those aside and see what the new barbershop is all about.
	www.impulsequartet.com /barbershop.asp (226 words)

	Voices carry
		The 100-voice Mission Valley Chorus is a barbershop music tradition in the Bay Area.
		The award-winning chorus, which rehearses at Cubberley Community Center in Palo Alto, is dedicated to performing vocal music in the classic American four-part harmony style known as barbershop.
		That said, the all-women chorus applies that dedication and talent to virtually every style of music that can be called American--jazz, R&B, Broadway, big band, gospel, swing and rock 'n' roll--as well as to a number of European styles.
	www.paloaltoonline.com /weekly/morgue/cover/1998_Dec_4.ARTS04.html (799 words)

	Barbershop Quartet: Book & Music Lists, Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh
		The Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh Music & Art Department serves as the main barbershop music resources center for the Rome Division of the Johnny Appleseed District of the Society for the Preservation and Encouragement of Barbershop Quartet Singing in America (SPEBSQSA).
		Male call: TTBB choral arrangements in the barbershop style.
		A music information file that includes magazine articles and newspaper clippings about local ensembles and information on the Society for the Preservation and Encouragement of Barbershop Quartet Singing in America (SPEBSQSA) is kept at the reference desk in the Music & Art Department.
	www.clpgh.org /subject/music/lists/barbershop.html (489 words)

	Little Egypt Barbershop Chorus
		We are the Little Egypt chorus of the Carbondale Chapter of the Barbershop Harmony Society.
		We strive to preserve the style and keep it alive worldwide by actively singing and encouraging other men to do so.
		Barbershop Harmony is for men who like to sing and enjoy the sound of male voices blending chords in the Barbershop style.
	www.harmonize.com /LittleEgyptChorus (309 words)

	Tour Info
		His introduction to our style of music started with a lot of quartet singing and that has been his love ever since.
		Nardin was introduced to the BarberShop style of music while in Junior High and his love for this musical style never died.
		Livesay, the baritone in our quartet sang with two quartets in California for several years and also was a regular on stage with the Pomona Valley Carousel Chorus.
	www.evbarbershop.com /2UPbio.htm (308 words)

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