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Topic: Barbier reaction

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	Cool Hunting: Birdhouses by Stephane Barbier Bouvet
		Birdhouses by Stephane Barbier Bouvet by Ted Cahill
		Check out some of his latest projects on his site or at Gallery 1m3, of which he is a founding member.
		Our favorite work from the exhibit is the interactive sculpture "E, 2001" (pictured), a cylindrical structure supporting thousands of steel needles that move in reaction to the presence of a human body.
	www.coolhunting.com /archives/2006/10/birdhouses_by_s.php (720 words)

	Grignard reagent - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Grignard reaction is exothermic and because of a oxide layer present on the magnesium, the start of the reaction is sometimes delayed.
		The Barbier reaction is an alternative to a Grignard reaction and organolithium reagents are an alternative to Grignard reagents.
		The Bouveault aldehyde synthesis is a one-pot chemical reaction that converts a primary alkyl halide to an aldehyde one carbon longer.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Grignard_reagent (423 words)

	The Grignard Reaction: Optimizing the Preparation of Triphenylmethanol (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The Grignard reaction uses magnesium metal (Mg°) to convert an electrophilic alkyl or aryl halide to a nucleophilic carbanion.
		The reaction occurs at the surface of the magnesium metal, and therefore, the surface must be clean.
		Calculate the amount such that the carbonyl is the limiting reagent and when all of the carbonyl is consumed there would be a theoretical excess of 15 percent of the phenylmagnesium bromide remaining in the flask.) Add the solution of carbonyl reagent dropwise to the solution of phenylmagnesium bromide.
	www-class.unl.edu /chem254/Lab8 (1057 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: French Literature
		In the "Barbier de Séville" the impertinent Figaro rails at the privileges of the aristocracy.
		Still, speaking very generally, it may be said that the period was marked by a reaction against the lyricism of the Romantics, a return to the study of reality, and lastly, the coming of Positivism, through the influence of Renan and Taine, two philosophers who acted powerfully upon most writers of their time.
		On another side, by way of reaction against the crass dogmatism of Zola and his school, a certain number of writers, with a talent for playing upon fine shades of meaning and a very especial taste for crowding contrary ideas together, have taken a delight in filling their romances with a subtile and penetrating irony.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/06190a.htm (14969 words)

	exafs
		The catalytic action of metallic cobalt dispersed on microporous silica for the Fischer-Tropsch reaction depends critically on the size of the Co clusters.
		In the present study, an estimate of the average cluster size in the samples prepared by three different routes is deduced from the numbers of consecutive neighbours obtained in Co K-edge EXAFS analysis.
		Co/SiO2-1 sample was prepared by reaction of silica (silica FK 310, 800 m^2/g) with CoF3 in diglyme, to yield 1.83 wt % of Co in the catalyst.
	www.p-ng.si /~arcon/xas/exafs/exafs2.htm (1068 words)

	JCE 2000 (77) 707 [Jun] Organic Reactions in Aqueous Media (by Chao-Jun Li and Tak-Hang Chan)
		Following a short introduction there are six chapters that vary in length from 10 to 50 pages; they cover pericyclic reactions, nucleophilic additions and substitutions, metal-mediated reactions, transition metal-catalyzed reactions, oxidation and reduction reactions, and industrial applications.
		On the other hand, the authors' concept of a mechanistic triad that incorporates to various degrees anion, radical, or covalent character in the carbon-carbon bond-forming step between various organometals and carbonyl substrates is appealing and suggests the need for future sophisticated experimental design.
		Rich with well-explicated examples and reactions, it is an invitingly readable and valuable survey of this fascinating area.
	jchemed.chem.wisc.edu /Journal/Issues/2000/Jun/abs707.html (896 words)

	Grignard, Victor
		In 1898, while a student under Philippe Barbier at Lyon, Grignard began his prizewinning work with a study of the alkylzinc compounds developed earlier by Sir Edward Frankland.
		It was Barbier who had Grignard repeat some experiments on the preparation of a tertiary alcohol from a mixture of methyl heptyl ketone, magnesium, and methyl iodide.
		Grignard's doctoral dissertation (1901) described the preparation of alcohols, acids, and hydrocarbons by means of reactions of organomagnesium compounds.
	www.britannica.com /nobel/micro/247_60.html (180 words)

	Grignard-Type Carbonyl Phenylation in Water and under an Air Atmosphere
		Many reactions that are traditionally carried out in organic solvent can be carried out in water with additional interesting features.
		For carbonyl additions based on organometallic reagents, it is generally accepted that strict anhydrous reaction conditions are required for a smooth reaction.
		However, when the reaction was carried out under refluxing conditions, a smooth reaction occurred to give a clean product overnight as judged by GC-MS and TLC.
	pubs.acs.org /cgi-bin/jcen?jacsat/122/i39/html/ja001699b.html (984 words)

	Talking Points Memo: by Joshua Micah Marshall: October 24, 2004 - October 30, 2004 Archives (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Barbier said she "wised up." But not before she made more than 300 donations totaling nearly $100,000 this year, the group's fund-raising records show.
		But reactions can dictate and shape outcomes, especially in such a context as this where perception is the essence of the matter.
		The White House faces a press storm over a new revelation and their reaction is to go to battle with the news organizations involved with an argument they pretty clearly hadn't thought over for more than a few minutes.
	www.talkingpointsmemo.com /archives/week_2004_10_24.php (15583 words)

	Wikipedia:List of reactions - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This list is not necessarily complete or up to date – if you see an article that should be here but isn't (or one that shouldn't be here but is), please update the page accordingly.
		Birch reduction instead of Birch reaction, Williamson ether synthesis instead of Williamson reaction).
		von Braun degradation, von Braun cyanogen bromide reaction
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_reactions (200 words)

	C251.03 Lab -- Frontalin Project
		This reaction is known as the Barbier reaction.
		A small portion of the reagent mixture (1.0 mol carbonyl compound and 1.2 mol of the halide) was dropped into the reaction vessel till, after a certain induction period the reaction begins.
		After the reaction was complete, as evidenced by a return of the lithium surface to a dull colour, excess of lithium was filtered off and tetrahydrofuran was removed by evaporation.
	www.ups.edu /faculty/hanson/c251lab.03/frontalin/frontalin.htm (4052 words)

	e-NEWSLETTER September 2003
		The reaction is thought to proceed by initial conjugate addition of the Grignard reagent to the olefin followed by SN i
		In a typical reaction an alkyne is reacted with 1.5 equivalents of nonaflate or triflate, PMHS (2 equiv), CsF (5 equiv), CuCl or CuTC (5 mol%) and bistriphenylphosphine palladium dichloride (5 mol%).
		Maiti and co-workers have found that lithium bromide (10 mol%) efficiently catalyses the three component condensation reaction of an aldehyde, a b ketoester and urea in refluxing acetonitrile to afford the corresponding dihydropyrimidinones in high yields (85-90%).
	www.scientificupdate.co.uk /newsletter/issue10/content.htm (3242 words)

	Samarium(II) iodide promoted methods: Radical and anionic processes
		This powerful reductant possesses adjustable reactivity and continues to be a useful reagent in a wide array of organic reactions.
		Efforts were directed toward a two-electron process, wherein an appropriately designed substrate would undergo an intramolecular Barbier reaction to afford a fused bicyclic alkoxide.
		With proper orbital alignment, the intermediate alkoxide is poised to undergo a Grob fragmentation to furnish both medium- and large-membered rings.
	repository.upenn.edu /dissertations/AAI3197663 (335 words)

	Cascade radical cyclization of polyolefinic vinyl iodides: comparison between 5-exo and 6-endo cyclization of vinyl ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Out of various types of radical reaction, the cascade (tandem) reaction is one of the most powerful methods to construct a polycyclic ring system in one step from unsaturated acyclic precursors.
		Allylic alcohol 3 was prepared by Barbier reaction of 2 in 89% yield under the ultrasonic circumstance.
		The radical reactions were performed by using Bu SnH (TBTH) in the presence of a catalytic amount of AIBN or Et as a radical initiator (Table 1).
	www.arkat-usa.org /ark/journal/2002/I07_Kessar/SK-537E/537E.asp (5019 words)

	What's New in Process Chemistry?
		Polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS) as an Additive in the Sonogashira Reaction
		One-pot synthesis of dihydropyrimidinones catalysed by lithium bromide: an improved procedure for the Biginelli reaction
		Diastereoselective Temporary Silicon-Tethered Ring-Closing-Metathesis Reactions with Prochiral Alcohols: A New Approach to Long-Range Asymmetric Induction
	scientificupdate.co.uk /newsletter/issue10/issue10.htm (222 words)

	[ISI Highly Cited Researchers Version 1.1]
		Effective catalysis in Diels-Alder reactions showing excellent enantioselectivity, extreme chiral amplification, and high tolerance to water, alcohols, amines, and acids." Journal of the American Chemical Society 120 3074 - 3088, 1998.
		"On the mechanism of the intramolecular samarium Barbier reaction.
		A study of the rate and selectivity of nitrile oxide cycloaddition reactions of acryloyl derivatives of the Rebek imide benzoxazole." Tetrahedron 53 1971 - 1982, 1997.
	hcr3.isiknowledge.com /formViewCharacteristic.cgi?table=Publication&link1=Browse&link2=Results&link3=Biography&id=75&nav=p2 (1377 words)

	The UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A9 Enzyme Is a Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor alpha and gamma Target Gene ...
		The UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A9 Enzyme Is a Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor alpha and gamma Target Gene -- Barbier et al.
		reaction was incubated for a further 15 min at room temperature.
		Barbier, O., Pineda Torra, I., Duguay, Y., Blanquart, C., Fruchart, J. Glineur, C., and Staels, B. Arterioscler.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/278/16/13975 (4933 words)

	BIOBUSINESS Corporate Profile. Genetic Engineering News - Biotechnology from Bench to Business
		The company is at the forefront in applying innovative breeding technologies and molecular tools, including the use of genetic biomarkers to aid in the selection and tracking of desirable traits....
		Remi Barbier started Pain Therapeutics(www.paintrials.com) in 1998 with the singular vision of creating the next generation of painkillers to treat severe chronic pain.
		He is referring to opiates, the gold standard for pain control, which include opium used 2,000 years ago and morphine, its modern derivative.
	www.genengnews.com /biobusiness/cplist.aspx?chid=0 (1881 words)

	Hepatic Expression of the UGT1A9 Gene Is Governed by Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4{alpha} -- Barbier et al. 67 (1): 241 ...
		reaction, which is a major pathway in the catabolism and elimination
		Barbier O, Villeneuve L, Bocher V, Fontaine C, Pineda Torra I, Duhem C, Kosykh V, Fruchart JC, Guillemette C, and Staels B (2003) The UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A9 enzyme is a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor
		Claudel T, Inoue Y, Barbier O, Duran-Sandoval D, Kosykh V, Fruchart J, Fruchart JC, Gonzalez FJ, and Staels B (2003) Farnesoid X receptor agonists suppress hepatic apolipoprotein CIII expression.
	molpharm.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/67/1/241 (4938 words)

	a-Lithioenamines by Chlorine-lithium Exchange: Versatile Acyl Anion Equivalents (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The reaction of chloroenamine 1a with carbon dioxide gave a ketoacid, which was isolated and purified after conversion into the corresponding methyl ester 3ag by treatment with methanol under acid catalysis (Chart 1).
		As a conclusion, we have reported here the preparation of α-lithioenamines by a chlorine-lithium exchange, which represent a versatile class of acyllithium synthons, which by reaction with different electrophiles and final hydrolysis allowed the preparation of functionalized ketones resulting from the transfer of the acyl moiety to the electrophile.
		The reaction mixture was stirred for 20 min at the same temperature and then hydrolyzed with water (10 mL).
	www.arkat-usa.org /ark/journal/2002/I05_Moreno-Manas/MM-331C/331.asp (3004 words)

	Magnesium-Catalyzed Reduction of Oximes to Amines Using Ammonium Formate - [www.rhodium.ws]
		The course of reaction was monitored by TLC and IR spectra.
		The reaction was also carried out for several hours with ammonium chloride instead of ammonium formate expecting an efficient reduction, but the yield is very low.
		In order to obtain the volatile aliphatic amines in good yield, the reaction was carried out using a condenser cooled with ice water and the reaction flask immersed in a cold-water bath.
	www.erowid.org /archive/rhodium/chemistry/oxime2amine.mg-af.html (1645 words)

	organic synthesis reactions
		… Practical and reliable organic, organometallic and inorganic chemical synthesis, reactions and procedures are published.
		Antibody spurs disfavored reaction - laboratory-made immune-system catalyst
		Scientists have used a new catalytic antibody to perform a disfavored reaction.
	www.bvslex.com /organic-synthesis-reactions.html (315 words)

	organic reactions
		All of the Classic Organic Reactions images were created with ChemPen software.
		After you have enjoyed viewing the reactions, please do visit the links below and learn about the software used to illustrate these pages.
		von Braun Degradations; von Braun Cyanogen Bromide Reaction
	www.chempensoftware.com /organicreactions.htm (97 words)

	[No title]
		We investigated three different approaches for building up the carbon framework starting from benzyloxyacetaldehyde and subjecting this to an aldol reaction, a titanium tetrachloride-mediated aldol reaction of a protected beta-ketoester and a Barbier-type reaction using zinc or indium, respectively.
		These results indicate that alpha Arg-376, which is close to the beta- or gamma-phosphate group of bound ADP or ATP, respectively, does not make a significant contribution to the catalytic reaction, but coordination of the arginine to nucleotide filling the low-affinity sites is essential for promotion of rotational catalysis to steady-state turnover.
		Another group of pigs that were fed a regular diet supplemented with placebo served as a control.
	www-u.life.uiuc.edu /labs/crofts/arc-lit/200005/05095147 (3082 words)

	Reaction Index: Name Reactions in Organic Chemistry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The IUPAC Commission on Physical Organic Chemistry has recommended a system for naming not reactions but transformations - a transformation shows only the substrate and product, whereas a reaction includes all the reactants.
		Consequently, many reactions are known by the name of the scientists who discovered, popularized or studied them.
		This is a list of such reactions, with the hope of building a database containing a graphical abstract and the original reference for each one of them.
	www.pmf.ukim.edu.mk /PMF/Chemistry/reactions/rindex.htm (239 words)

	Neoclassical Art
		Its rigidity was a reaction to the overbred Rococo style and the emotional charged Baroque style.
		The rise of Neoclassical Art was part of a general revival of interest in classical thought, which was of some importance in the American and French revolutions.
		It did not really replace the Neoclassical style so much as act as a counterbalancing influence, and many artists were influenced by both styles to a certain degree.
	www.artcyclopedia.com /history/neoclassicism.html (150 words)

	Catalysis in Organic Chemistry - Poitiers - France (LACCO)
		Most of the activities of our Group focus on the controlled preparation and characterization of catalytic materials (supports, metal catalysts) as well as on the understanding of the reaction mechanisms.
		From these techniques, it is possible to anchor selectively the "additive" on specific surface sites of the first metal (e.g., ridges, wedges, faces).
		In addition to dispersing the active phase, the support may also play a major role in some steps of the reaction mechanism (surface acido-basic properties, transfer of the reaction intermediates between the metal and the support …).
	labo.univ-poitiers.fr /umr6503/index.php?page=catalyse_metaux_en (312 words)

	The Curran Research Group - Publications 1991-1995
		Curran and J. Xu, “Giese-type” Radical Addition Reactions to an Acceptor that Functions by a Unimolecular Chain Transfer Reaction of a Silicon Hydride, J.
		Curran and A. Abraham, 1,2-Asymmetric Induction in Radical Reactions.
		Curran, A. Abraham, and H. Liu, Radical Translocation Reactions of o-Iodoanilides: the Use of Carbon-Hydrogen Bonds as Precursors of Radicals Adjacent to Carbonyl Groups, J.
	radical.chem.pitt.edu /publications/1991.html (1368 words)

	The Grignard Reaction
		Victor Grignard was an enthusiastic young French chemist who discovered how to make organomagnesium halides (RMgX) while working for his PH.D. His boss, Barbier, had been trying this sort of chemistry for some time, but Victor was the genius who solved the problem.
		After the reaction of the Grignard with carbon dioxide, addition of mineral acid liberates the carboxylic acid.
		Before we go on to look at more Grignard reactions with carbonyl groups, here's a problem for you to try.
	www.sunderland.ac.uk /~hs0bcl/org3.htm (346 words)

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