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	P. T. Barnum - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Barnum retired from the show business in 1855, but had to settle with his creditors in 1857, and began his old career again as showman and museum proprietor.
		Barnum died on April 7, 1891 and is buried in Mountain Grove Cemetery, Bridgeport, Connecticut.
		Barnum was significantly involved in the politics surrounding race, slavery, and sectionalism in the period leading up the American Civil War.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/P._T._Barnum (616 words)

	Connecticut's Heritage Gateway
		Barnum was born in Bethel where his father owned a tavern.
		Barnum wrote anonymous newspaper articles attaching her as a fraud while at the same time publicly defending her.
		In 1871 Barnum organized a circus, the chief attraction of which was Jumbo, the elephant.
	www.ctheritage.org /encyclopedia/ct1818_1865/barnum.htm (529 words)

	Barnum stories (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Not one to surrender to adversity, Barnum acquired yet another two replacements which this time lived long enough to be displayed to the public later, his marine collection was augmented with sharks and porpoises.
		Barnum started the rumor by having one of his associate posed before the press as an expert from the Lyceum of Natural History in London.
		Barnum and Bailey, never lacking bad taste and cupidity, promptly bought Jumbo's "widow", Alice, from London Zoo and exhibited her beside the skeleton and stuffed hide of Jumbo.
	freaks.monstrous.com /barnum_stories.htm (830 words)

	P. T. Barnum - People of Connecticut
		Barnum heard of a woman who claimed to have been George Washington's nurse, and who also claimed to be well over a hundred years old.
		P.T. Barnum had a number of high points during his life of showmanship, but the one that perhaps brought him the most personal satisfaction was when he introduced Jumbo to America.
		The Brooklyn Bridge, an incredible engineering achievement for the time, was completed in 1883, and Barnum, in his true showman style, took the opportunity to demonstrate its strength by parading Jumbo across the bridge, to the delight of spectators and the media.
	www.netstate.com /states/peop/people/ct_ptb.htm (908 words)

	Barnum A Unique Story of a Marvellous Career. Life of Hon. Phineas T. Barnum - Chapter XLI (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Barnum personally came about when I was, as a young man, conducting, almost single-handed, a lecture course in a very small country town in the later sixties, soon after the close of the war.
		Barnum's house and told him she was very poor, and had a large family to support; she could not, in fact, decently support them.
		Barnum would only loan her $75 with which to buy a sewing-machine, she assured him she could do enough better to be able to save a little, and to pay the money back.
	www.worldwideschool.org /library/books/hst/biography/PTBarnum/chap41.html (7184 words)

	P.T. Barnum
		P.T. Barnum was born in Bethel, Conn. as the eldest of five children.
		Barnum finally decided on being an editor for a small weekly newspaper at a time when editors had to be armed for fear of horse-whippings and shootings from angry readers.
		Barnum was so blunt and frank that he was arrested, sued for libel and served sixty days.
	www.angelfire.com /oh/bkitchen (843 words)

	BARNUM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The man that gave us that legend was born in Bethel, Conecticut, in 1810 and the show "Barnum" traces his career from 1835 to 1881 when he joined James A. Bailey to form the circus which was justly called "The Greatest Show On Earth".
		Barnum introduces himself as the defender of "the noble art of humbug" (There Is A Sucker Born Ev'ry Minute).
		The Barnums are a little older, a little more succesful, but their differences of opinion are the same and so is their deep-rooted affection for each other (I Like Your Style).
	www.geocities.com /Broadway/6008/Barnum.html (597 words)

	City of Barnum, Minnesota: Businesses (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In 1900 Barnum was known as a "Hello Town"; today the town continues to welcome new residents and visitors with the same enthusiasm as those early settlers did at the turn of the century.
		Barnum, located on Interstate 35, 115 miles north of Minneapolis/St. Paul and 35 miles south of Duluth, was at the time of its incorporation, and still is today, deeply rooted in an agriculture/environmental economy.
		Barnum has a newly reconditioned water system, a new waste water treatment facility and is completely accessed by industrial capacity electricity and natural gas.
	www.ci.barnum.mn.us /html/businesses.html (441 words)

	Anna Swan:Chronicles:P.T.Barnum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Barnum began his career in show business by “purchasing” Joice Heth, a woman who had been a slave for General Washington’s father and was believed to be 161 years old.
		Barnum believed that is was because of the thirteen that luck didn't go his way.
		Barnum was interested in politics and throughout his life he held numerous political positions.
	collections.ic.gc.ca /aswan/story/barnum.htm (659 words)

	The P.T. Barnum of the Barnum and Bailey Circus - A Prosperous Exile
		Barnum gave him the best advice he could as to management, and the cities he ought to visit, for which he was very grateful, and he called on Barnum whenever he was in New York.
		Barnum also saw him repeatedly when he came to America the second time with his lectures on "The Four Georges," which, it will be remembered, he delivered in the United States in the season of 1855-56, before he read them to audiences in Great Britain.
		Barnum, I admire you more than ever I have read the accounts in the papers of the examinations you underwent in New York courts; and the positive pluck you exhibit under your pecuniary embarrassments is worthy of all praise.
	www.electricscotland.com /history/barnum/chap27.htm (3130 words)

	Freak Show (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Barnum was born into a poor family in Connecticut in 1810.
		Marian Murray notes that Barnum was known to many as a "trickster, a perpetual liar and unscrupulous cheat who perpetrated a series of clever deceptions on a public he looked upon as fools." Barnum was also undisputed trail-blazer in the hyperbole and superlatives of circus language.
		Barnum rebuilt a New American Museum but this too was destroy by fire in 1868 with the same devastating loss of animal life.
	freaks.monstrous.com /freak_show.htm (985 words)

	P. T. Barnum
		Phineas Taylor Barnum (1810-1891), known as P. Barnum, a prominent Universalist, the most influential American showman of the nineteenth century, was the founder of the first important public museum and creator of the modern three-ring circus.
		While not a member of the society, Barnum was on its Sunday school committee and when the congregation built its present edifice he was a generous contributor.
		In providing the philosophical basis for his entertainment business, Barnum cited Unitarian minister William Ellery Channing's essay, "On the Elevation of the Laboring Portion of the Community." As for the cynical quotation associated with his name, "There's a sucker born every minute," he never uttered it.
	www.uua.org /uuhs/duub/articles/ptbarnum.html (1572 words)

	Picture History - P.T. Barnum Becomes a Hoaxster
		All in all, it was not only an eccentric way for Barnum to have entered what would soon become his chosen profession, but an unfortunate one as well, for, like it or not, from that time on his name would be associated with humbug and not taken as seriously as it should have been.
		On June 18, Barnum and Kimball entered into a written agreement to exploit jointly their "curiosity supposed to be a mermaid." Kimball would remain the creature's sole owner, and Barnum would act as lessee, paying $12.50 a week for the privilege of showing her at profit.
		Barnum himself soon admitted that his "wonder of creation" was in reality nothing but a "questionable, dead mermaid," and to the end of his life he would say he was "not proud" of the entire incident.
	www.picturehistory.com /find/c/357/mcms.html (3218 words)

	Reader's Companion to American History - -BARNUM, PHINEAS T. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Barnum, who was born poor of Yankee stock in rural Connecticut, grew up with a burning desire to make good.
		Barnum's gift for publicity enabled him to make profits where others had failed, and as Joice Heth's manager he hit on the technique of encouraging disbelief as well as credulity.
		At his death Barnum could claim to be one of the most celebrated living Americans, a pioneer in the creation of mass amusements, who not only had revolutionized their presentation and publicity but had also produced a philosophy of life to justify them.
	college.hmco.com /history/readerscomp/rcah/html/ah_008000_barnumphinea.htm (468 words)

	PT Barnum, The Shakespeare of Advertising
		Barnum went one further, and then suggested that Heth was still alive, that the woman that died was not the real Joice Heth.
		Barnum displayed the creature as an extraordinary nondescript (or new species) that seemed to be part deer, camel, horse, buffalo, and sheep.
		Barnum billed the boy as a prodigy of the age of 11 (when he was only 5) and taught the boy to dance and jig and recite poetry and snippets of plays.
	www.well.com /user/kafclown/barnum/humbugs.html (1890 words)

	Barnum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Phineas Taylor Barnum was born in 1810 in Bethel, CT. He worked as a clerk in a general store in 1826 in Brooklyn, NY, and married Charity Hallet in 1829.
		Barnum reconstructed Jumbo around a wooden frame covered with the elephant's preserved 1500-pound skin, and he kept the object on exhibit in his circus until donating the skin to Tufts University where it finally was accidentally desroyed by fire in 1975.
		Barnum split from Bailey in 1885 but they were reunited in 1888 to form the new Barnum and Bailey Circus, the "Greatest Show on Earth" that toured England and the United States.
	history.acusd.edu /gen/filmnotes/barnum.html (548 words)

	[No title]
		American legend P.T. Barnum is better known for saying “There's a sucker born every minute.” A charmingly appropriate legacy, that, since it wasn't he who said it.
		Barnum was, after all, a man whose career in show business got started with him purchasing and then exhibiting a woman named Joice Heth, who claimed to be the 161-year-old childhood nurse of George Washington.
		“Now,” said Barnum, “go and lay a brick on the sidewalk at the corner of Broadway and Ann Street; another close by the Museum; a third diagonally across the way… put down the fourth on the sidewalk in front of St.
	www.sniggle.net /barnum.php (609 words)

	P.T. Barnum
		Barnum was born on July 5, 1810, in Bethel, Connecticut.
		When he was 25, Barnum paid $1,000 to obtain the services of Joice Heth, a woman who claimed to be 161 years old and the nurse of George Washington.
		While Barnum's name will forever be connected with the great American circus, it is often said that his greatest success came in 1850, when he presented European opera star Jenny Lind to the American public.
	www.ringling.com /explore/history/ptbarnum_1.aspx (435 words)

	Barnum Elementary School (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Barnum Elementary school has been recognized by Governor Bill Owens, Dr. Jerry Wartgow and the DPS School Board as one of the nineteen schools that demonstrated "Significant Improvement" on students' academic achievement performance.
		Barnum Elementary is a widely diverse urban school located in the Barnum neighborhood in west Denver.
		At Barnum we address and meet the individual needs of our students by multi-age, flexible grouping and regrouping of students according to reading levels and English language proficiency levels.
	barnum.dpsk12.org (292 words)

	HistoryBuff.com -- P. T. Barnum Never Did Say "There's a Sucker Born Every Minute"
		Barnum is most often associated with the circus sideshow and the display of freaks.
		Barnum is also affiliated with the famous quote "There's a sucker born every minute." History, unfortunately, has misdirected this quotation.
		Barnum wanted the giant to display himself while the attraction was still a hot topic of the day.
	www.historybuff.com /library/refbarnum.html (1037 words)

	E Pluribus Barnum: The Great Showman and the Making of U.S. Popular Culture
		Beginning with a discussion of Barnum's early shows, Adams demonstrates the dynamic interplay between Barnum's increasingly "respectable" aspirations for his entertainments and his active cultivation of middle-class sensibilities in his audiences.
		Barnum's American Museum and the "moral dramas" presented in its theater (which included a play of Uncle Tom's Cabin) are examined in the context of debates about slavery and temperance.
		E Pluribus Barnum examines Barnum's shifting political allegiances for what they tell us about American culture at the time, examines the audiences he created, and considers his career as a crucial moment in the ongoing struggle over the politics of U.S. commercial entertainments.
	www.upress.umn.edu /Books/A/adams_e.html (591 words)

	P. T. Barnum - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Phineas Taylor Barnum (July 5, 1810 – April 7, 1891), American who is best remembered for his entertaining hoaxes and for founding the circus that eventually became Ringling Brothers and Barnum and Bailey Circus.
		He made a special hit in 1842 with the exhibition of Charles Stratton, the celebrated midget "General Tom Thumb".
		In Brooklyn, New York in 1871, he established "The Greatest Show on Earth," a travelling amalgamation of circus, menagerie and museum of "freaks." In 1881 he merged with James Bailey to create the, which toured around the world.
	www.peekskill.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Phineas_Taylor_Barnum (444 words)

	Barnum's Life
		Barnum writes in his memoirs, "My grandfather would go farther, wait longer, work harder, and contrive deeper, to carry out a practical joke, than for anything else under heaven.
		Barnum's grandfather was pleased with his grandson's scheme, and he describes the old man's appreciation in his memoirs: "My grandfather enjoyed my lottery speculation very much, and seemed to agree with many others, who declared that I was indeed "a chip off the old block."
		Barnum was curious as to how people would remember him so he granted The Evening Sun permission to print his obituary prematurely.
	xroads.virginia.edu /~MA02/freed/Barnum/barnumslife.html (459 words)

	Barnum's World (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Barnum mentioned that the confederates may try to burn down his museum because they hated him for supporting the Union.
		Barnum said in the introduction that the "Bowery roughs" may burn down his museum because they did not like the fact that he had turned respectable.
		If Barnum had not flaunted his improved fire safety plan and the fact that he put the first fire out so quickly due to his brilliant plan, his museum would not have been set on fire.
	mason.gmu.edu /~jcade/hist120/barnum.html (561 words)

	P. T. Barnum
		The web page title P.T. Barnum Never Did Say "There's a Sucker Born Every Minute" is part of the Dicovery Channel's web site.
		Barnum was also a somewhat successful politician, serving several terms as a Connecticut State legislator.
		He is credited as casting the deciding factor in the senate vote for the abolition of slavery after the Civil War.
	home.nycap.rr.com /useless/barnum (400 words)

	St. James Encyclopedia of Pop Culture: Ringling Bros., Barnum & Bailey Circus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In 1919, the Barnum and Bailey Circus was merged with the Ringling Brothers Circus, which had purchased it in 1907 but ran it as a separate entity for twelve years.
		Circus impresario Phineas T. Barnum (1810-1891) was a flamboyant showman who bought a five-story marble museum in New York City in 1842 and transformed it into the American Museum, a carnival of live freaks, theatrical tableaux, beauty contests, and other sensational attractions.
		In 1907, after Bailey's death, the Ringling Brothers bought the Barnum and Bailey Circus for $400,000 and ran it as a separate entity until 1919, when their operations were combined into Ringling Brothers, and Barnum and Bailey, its present name.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_g1epc/is_tov/ai_2419101027 (900 words)

	Barnum Family Genealogy Index Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		It is intended as a reference site for anyone who is researching the genealogy of the Barnum, Barnam and Barnham families worldwide and is available 24 hours a day from anywhere in the world.
		Thanks are due to many Barnum family members and relations who have unselfishly shared their own information and research for the benefit of other researchers.
		ost (and possibly all) of the Barnum families of North America are descended from Thomas BARNUM (1625-1695), the immigrant ancestor, and their lines of descent are well represented here.
	www.barnum.org (424 words)

	Barnum Museum Web Site
		Beyond the picture of Jumbo, a thumbnail portrait of Barnum, and a sketch of sideshow star Tom Thumb, photos and illustrations are surprisingly scarce, and this fact serves to make a potentially fascinating topic seem uninteresting.
		Therein lies a hint of curatorial interpretation, with the suggestion that Barnum associated himself with Lind in order to "elevate his social position." However, we are left to wonder, or to seek out on our own in other, uncited sources, why it was that Barnum felt the need to do so.
		At the bottom of the welcome page is a link to The Lost Museum, a virtual recreation of Barnum's American Museum which is a joint venture of the American Social History Project and the Centre for Media and Learning of the City University of New York.
	www.publichistory.org /reviews/view_review.asp?DBID=4 (1358 words)

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