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Topic: Barotseland

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	Barotse - LoveToKnow 1911 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		By this award the western and part of the northern section of Barotseland as described above were declared to be outside the dominion of the paramount chief and therefore not in the British sphere of influence, while tribal boundaries were complicated by the introduction of a longitudinal and latitudinal frontier.
		Much of the area of Barotseland is within the healthy zone, the healthiest districts being the Batoka and Mashikolumbwe plateaus in the east with extreme altitudes of 4400 and 4150 ft. respectively, and the line of the Congo-Zambezi watershed which rises to 5000 ft. in many places.
		This would not only supply Barotseland with a route to the sea alternative to the Beira and Cape Town lines, but while reducing the land route by many hundred miles would also supply a seaport outlet 1700 m.
	8.1911encyclopedia.org /B/BA/BAROTSE_BAROTSELAND.htm (1796 words)

	[No title]
		The Zambezi valley from the Victoria Falls (300o ft.) to the Kabompo confluence (3500 ft.), though involving little or no risk to health to the traveller, cannot be considered suitable for white settlement.
		Approximately the mean BAROUCHE maximum and minimum temperatures stand at 8o° and 55° F. respectively, with an extreme range of 1o0° to 350 and a mean annual temperature of 68° to 70°.
		In the meantime the British South Africa Company had entered into friendly relations with Lewanika (q.v.), the paramount chief of the Barotse, and an administrator was appointed on behalf of the company to reside in the country.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /correction/edit?locale=en&content_id=7141 (1727 words)

	Development in Barotseland
		Indeed Britain stands accused by historians of developing Barotseland during the colonial period into a 'living museum' propping up yet sucking the lifeblood out of the Barotse Royal Establishment (BRE) as a legitimate leadership structure in the lives of the Lozi peoples in the process.
		Development seems to have passed Western Province by in favour of the Copper Belt, Lusaka and the 'Line of Rail', partly due to politics and partly as a result of the perception that Western Province is an isolated country region with little to offer the rest of the country.
		Barotseland needs sustainable development and the BRE stands ready to welcome all genuine iniatives, which should be presented to and be approved by the Government of the Republic of Zambia and the Barotse Royal Establishment at Limulunga.
	www.barotseland.com /dev1.HTM (405 words)

	History of Zambia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		When the first Europeans arrived, by far the most important state in what is now Zambia was the kingdom of Barotseland, ruled by the Lozi people.
		Its ruler was called litunga, and had two capitals: in the dry season he stayed at Lealui, while in the rainy season he moved to Limulunga, a move that is still celebrated in the Kuomboka annual festival.
		The first certain historical fact concerning Barotseland is in the early 19th century the trek of the Makololo, a clan of the South-african Basotho or Tswana people.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/History_of_Zambia (1272 words)

	The Namibian
		Did you know that your government officers in Barotseland are demanding licences for collecting firewood for daily use, cutting grass for thatching their houses, collecting tree fibre for making mats, or fishing in their traditional ponds?'' Kawanambulu wrote.
		The secessionists argue that if the government cannot abide by the 1964 agreement, both parties should be allowed to return to their "original status".
		Barotseland covers more than half of Zambia, an area representing six of the country's ten provinces.
	www.namibian.com.na /netstories/December98/caprivi1a.html (688 words)

	[No title]
		Similarities among Barotseland and Casamance Although they were respectively colonized by Britain and France and lie at opposite ends of the continent, the historical patterns of relation, contemporary grievances, and modes of integration of Casamance and Barotseland vis-à-vis Senegal and Zambia are stunningly similar.
		Barotseland was a British protectorate, which gave it greater autonomy and a milder form of colonialism than the rest of Northern Rhodesia with which it was administratively associated (Caplan 1970:38-73; Hall 1965:54-86).
		Barotseland What is most stunning about Barotseland is the remarkable preservation of its “traditional” political structure, which has endured through the relative mildness of the British protectorate and neglect of the Kaunda regime.
	www.polisci.ucla.edu /wgape/papers/7_Englebert.doc (11574 words)

	MAR \| Data \| Chronology for Lozi in Zambia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Barotseland maintained a certain amount of autonomy until the independence of Zambia.
		The National Party is headed by a member of the Lozi royal family, and her brother was a candidate for the Mongu (in Barotseland) seat in the National Assembly in 1994 by-elections.
		The MMD handicapped its opponents through adoption of controversial constitutional amendments including a clause limiting eligibility for the presidency to people whose parents were not born in Zambia, a clause banning traditional rulers from running, and harassment of the press and NGOs.
	www.cidcm.umd.edu /inscr/mar/chronology.asp?groupId=55102 (3105 words)

	The Namibian
		The real issue in Barotseland is the abrogation of the Barotseland Agreement 1964 by successive Zambian Governments, and the final refusal of the present MMD Government to even discuss the problem.
		That is what drove the people of Barotseland into demanding their self-determination back: For, logically, if one party to an agreement dishonours it, then the agreement becomes null and void, and the parties return to their status prior to the agreement in question.
		It is the people of Barotseland who have always had problems with the Zambian Government, and not the Zambian Government having problems with the people of Barotseland as stated in the article in your newspaper.
	www.namibian.com.na /netstories/Ops12-98/LETS120498.html (7325 words)

	Barotseland (Zambia) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		In Crampton's Grote Geïllustreerde Vlaggengids, 1990, is written: Chief of Barotseland: Red with a white elephant.
		Barotseland did have a simple, yet beautifull flag granted at the end of XIXth century.
		The Lozi live in what was formerly Barotseland; the Lozi claim descent from the Mwata Yamvo empire (on the watershed between presentday Zambia and Congo.
	www.netlinkit.dk /fotw/flags/zm_ba.html (1475 words)

	flag of Barotseland (Zambia) flags
		Crampton's Grote Geïllustreerde Vlaggengids, 1990, coments that the flag of the Chief of Barotseland is red with a white elephant.
		In the history of Barotseland I thought I ought to correct one misspelling, and underline another point not fully brought out in your chronology.
		The Lozi live in what was formerly Barotseland; the Lozi claim descent from the Mwata Yamvo empire (on the watershed between present day Zambia and Congo/Zaire.
	www.flags-of-the-world.net /flags/zm_ba.html (1388 words)

	Twilight on the Zambezi: Late Colonialism in Central Africa. Eugenia W. Herbert
		Its principal aim is not to explain a specific incident, to provide a comprehensive vision of a small, remote place, or even to use a small place to explain a big phenomenon like nationalism.
		As Nyasaland protrudes into this study, Herbert loses her focus on Barotseland, and to some extent calls the work's premise -- that one can understand a colonial moment through a locally focused lens -- into doubt.
		The implication is that despite colonialists' occasional delusions of their transformative impact, their presence sat lightly in Barotseland, and eroded quickly.
	web.africa.ufl.edu /asq/v8/v8i1a16.htm (845 words)

	Barotseland.com
		Before 1964, however, Western Province was known as Barotseland, home of the Lozi nation, whose influence spread north from Botswana and Caprivi to the present day border betweeen Zambia and the Democratic Republic of Congo, and from south-eastern Angola west to the Kafue.
		There is no absolutely no profit or political agenda to this initiative which is commited to the development and upliftment of the lives of all those who live or have an interest in the land and its peoples.
		Barotseland today comprises vital integral components of the postcolonial states of Zambia, Namibia, and Angola.
	www.barotseland.com (428 words)

	PASALA Graduate Symposium 1997: Milbourne
		As I walked down the path to the Nayuma Museum Guest house where I was to stay, I heard the rhythm of drams and the calling of whistles (Figure 2).
		Although the "Lozi" as an autonomous people are identified along either side of the Zambezi, the diversity in the population of the whole of Barotseland is clearly visible.
		2 One scholar insisted that any arts found in Barotseland were the result of efforts by their neighbors; others said they were not sure whether or not there were any art~makers in the region.
	sdrc.lib.uiowa.edu /ceras/baobab/milbourne.html (3531 words)

	LOZI (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The Barotseland region of Zambia represents a large autonomous kingdom in the Western Province.
		The whole of Barotseland then fell under the rule of the Kilolo, led by Sibitwane, brother of the great Moshesh of Lasotho, for the next twenty-four years.
		The Elites of Barotseland 1878-1969: A Political History of Zambia's Western Province.
	www.4dw.net /royalark/Zambia/lozi.htm (1262 words)

	Times of Zambia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Lealui, is the summer capital of Barotseland, it is located on the Barotse flood capital and 13 kilometers south west of Limulunga, the winter capital and 13 kilometers west of Mongu.
		Landmark decisions, which were to shape the destiny of Barotseland were made in Lealui.
		It was at Lealui that the important Barotseland agreement of 1964 was discussed.
	www.times.co.zm /news/viewnews.cgi?category=7&id=1144956697 (1484 words)

	BAROTSE, BAROTSELAND - Online Information article about BAROTSE, BAROTSELAND
		latitude, the plateauland of Barotseland compares very favourably with existing conditions elsewhere, being several degrees more temperate than would be expected.
		BAROUCHE maximum and minimum temperatures stand at 8o° and 55° F. respectively, with an extreme range of 1o0° to 350 and a mean annual temperature of 68° to 70°.
		Bay in Portuguese West Africa a railway was being built in 1909 which would connect with the main line near the Congo frontier.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /BAR_BEC/BAROTSE_BAROTSELAND.html (2995 words)

	H-Net Review: Allen F. Roberts on Twilight on the Zambezi: Late Colonialism in Central Africa
		Barotseland and the somewhat similar Betchuanaland (now Botswana), to its south, stand as peculiarities of African colonial history, largely because their remarkable kings--Lewanika and Khama, respectively--were larger-than-life individuals who often played the colonizers' games breathtakingly better than they did.
		A district commissioner is relieved to be assigned to bucolic Barotseland after a stint in Kenya dealing with the Mau Mau Emergency (p.
		When Herbert visited in 1999, she found Barotseland a depressing place of ruin and rust, punctuated by the rare but regular joy of the Kuomboka river pageant, which by 1999 was a major international tourist event replete with t-shirts "sell[ing] like hotcakes" (p.
	www.h-net.org /reviews/showrev.cgi?path=122241063159355 (2164 words)

	Lozi - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Lozi
		Member of a large group of Bantu people living in Barotseland, in northwestern Zambia.
		Since Zambian independence 1964, the power of their traditional authorities has been curtailed.
		The economic isolation of Barotseland has also led many to seek wage labour elsewhere.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Lozi (141 words)

	flag of Barotseland (Zambia) flags
		It is interesting to see that Barotseland has a current flag, as well as one dating back a century.
		Barotseland did have a simple, yet beautiful, flag granted at the end of XIXth century.
		Indeed, when in 1999 the Caprivian Liberation Army try to take over Katima Mulilo (main city of Caprivi) the Namibian authorities blamed Zambia because the Barotseland Patriotic Front, led by Imasiku Mutangelwa, was believed to support the Caprivi secessionists.
	www.flagsflagsflags.net /flags/zm_ba.php (1388 words)

	Tour Zambia Home Page
		The kingdom once stretched across much of the upper Zambezi basin in the west of the country to Victoria Falls in the south of Zambia and the Caprivi Strip in northern Namibia, specialised in their goods, such as leather products.
		Following the signing of an agreement in 1900 between king Lewanika and Cecil Rhodes of the British South Africa Company, which had bought up huge swathes of southern Africa, the kingdom of Barotseland was given a semblance of independence within the British colony Northern Rhodesia.
		At Zambia's independence in 1964 under the then President Kenneth Kaunda, Barotseland was integrated into the rest of the country, although calls for secession are sometimes still heard.
	www.tourzambia.com /zambia/culture.htm (1084 words)

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		I, am very impressed and wish other cultures could learn from this so the heritage can be passed on to generations to come.
		I imagined that if each and every Lozi person invested their resources monetary or otherwise into the development of Barotseland, I am quite sure our motherland would be a show piece to marvel about.
		I know some great sons and daughters of Barotseland have already contributed significantly towards the development of our great land.
	htmlgear.tripod.com /guest/control.guest?u=flintdenton&i=1&a=view (592 words)

	Echo in the Dark - OnPolitics: The Barotse Question - Epitomising historical romanticism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Thence, relative to defining Barotseland’s geographic space, one is drawn to the understanding that boundaries are simply the extent of physical land occupation or ownership of a people with the idea of belonging.
		If we are to assume my conceptualisations of a nation and state provided here in are to some degree valid, then we must acknowledge the fact that the Barotse nation-state was one characterised by inclusion of all groups who paid homage to the King.
		On the question of the contentions in the Barotse Agreement, I here simply surmise that the underlying premise of the contentions is the recognition of Barotseland as an autonomous state, whose autonomy should have been guaranteed in the post colonial period.
	miliko.8m.net /onpoilitics_2.htm (1563 words)

	Konigmacher, Samuel, Malawi / Zambia, Seventh-Day Adventist (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Early in the 1920s the Konigmachers were asked to pioneer yet a third station far up the Zambezi River in Barotseland, Zambia.
		For the next eighteen years Barotseland was their home.
		A number of outschools were established and a firm foundation was laid for the strong work that is now conducted in Barotseland.
	www.dacb.org /stories/zambia/konigmacher_samuel.html (368 words)

	Zambia Travel Guide @ TravelNotes.org
		In the next century, the Kololo, fleeing the Zulu crushing in South Africa, moved northwards and established a brief dominance over much of central and northern Zambia, before the Lozi imposed themselves again.
		Chief Lewanika was the Lozi ruler when the British came to Barotseland.
		The discovery of copper in the north led to the extension of the railway in the late 1920s.
	www.travelnotes.org /Africa/zambia.htm (493 words)

	St. Matthew's United Church of Canada
		The first group of missionaries, under the leadership of François Coillard, was arrested and mistreated.
		In 1964, under the name Evangelical Church of Barotseland, the church became independent.
		In 1958 the Central Free Church Council, which coordinated seven European congregations in the Copperbelt, merged with the CCAR and its name was changed to United Church of Central Africa in Rhodesia.
	www.stmatts.ns.ca /f2f_brochure4.html (502 words)

	More than a Man of Style - Milbourne (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		In 1902, Lozi king Lewanika of Barotseland attended the coronation of British monarch, Edward VII.
		Not only did this savvy leader negotiate to establish Barotseland as a protectorate, and not a colony, he implemented corporeal fashions for kings and subjects that have remained mainstays of a Lozi image to this day.
		From bent knees to clapping hands, in Barotseland comportment is an art form.
	www.uiowa.edu /~obermann/grants/humsym/AfricaFashion_Abstracts/Milbourne.html (351 words)

	OUTSIDE THE CIRCLE: The denial of minority rights - NI 128 - Tribal fusion or fission
		The gradual - and bloodless - absorption of what was the Barotseland protectorate into Zambia during the past 20 years is a good example.
		He had much support, as many Lozi (Barotse) people truly feared in 1964 that the Bemba, the dominant tribal group in Zambia, would subjugate them ruthlessly as soon as the protecting white man left.
		Yet the fears of the Lozi have proved groundless, What used to be Barotseland is now just Zambia’s Western Province and the persecution feared by the Lozi has simply not happened.
	www.newint.org /issue128/tribal.htm (988 words)

	Minority language and the state in Zambia and Botswana (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Favoured by the colonial state which was imposed in 1900, Lozi administrative and judicial subjugation, social humiliation and economic exploitation of the people in the eastern Barotseland fringe even increased during the colonial period.
		Meanwhile, throughout Northern Rhodesia (now Zambia) of which Barotseland formed part, seven languages had come to be recognized by the state as vehicles of formal education, broadcasting, the judiciary, and state/subject interaction: Bemba, Tonga, Nyanja, Lozi (throughout Barotseland and in the region of Livingstone, the early colonial capital in the south), Lunda, Luvale and Kaonde.
		The prohibition of the habitual labour migration from Barotseland to Rhodesia and South Africa increased ANC sympathies among the Lozi, at a moment that UNIP was already contemplating one-party rule.
	ethnicity.bravepages.com /ethnicity/minority.htm (9445 words)

	Zambezi - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A few kilometres higher up on the east the main stream is joined by the Luena.
		A short distance downstream of the confluence with the Luanginga is Lealui, one of the capitals of the Lozi people who populate the semi-autonomous Zambian region of Barotseland.
		The chief of the Lozi has two compounds, the other being at Limulunga.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Zambezi_River (3023 words)

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