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Topic: Barrancabermeja

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	Barrancabermeja - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Barrancabermeja is a city in Santander, Colombia, on the Magdalena River with 214,192[1] inhabitants.
		It is known as the "petroleum capital" of Colombia and is home to the largest oil refinery in the country.
		Partly due to its history as an oil boom town, Barrancabermeja has a reputation as an open and vibrant city.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Barrancabermeja (573 words)

	THE "SIXTH DIVISION": Military-paramilitary Ties and U.S. Policy in Colombia (Human Rights Watch Report, October 2001)
		Most victims in Barrancabermeja died of gunshot wounds and were believed to have been killed by paramilitaries.
		In 2000, Barrancabermeja had a homicide rate of 227 per 100,000, among the world's highest.
		As the year's final weeks approached, Barrancabermeja residents alerted human rights groups and the authorities that the AUC had promised that "Christmas weekend and the new year will be pain and blood."
	www.hrw.org /reports/2001/colombia/2.4.htm (3760 words)

	U.S. embassy statement on violence in Barrancabermeja, Colombia, February 20, 2001
		The city is currently in the midst of intensified fighting as the paramilitaries and the guerrillas fight to control the region.
		We sadly note that the true victims of the ongoing civil strife in Barrancabermeja, and in all of Colombia, are innocent civilians.
		We call on all sides of the conflict to obey international humanitarian law and to move to reduce the impact of the conflict on innocent civilians immediately by abandoning attacks in areas where civilians may be killed or injured.
	www.ciponline.org /colombia/022001.htm (243 words)

	Paramilitary Terror and the Struggle for Colombia`s Oil : Indymedia Colombia
		Says Juan Carlos Galvis, Barrancabermeja president of the Central Workers Union (CUT), Colombia´s main labor federation, which covers the USO oil workers: “Uribe´s reform was a blow to the heart of the company.
		And Galvis says that this agenda is enforced in Barrancabermeja not only by the official security forces of the army, navy and National Police, but by the unofficial ultra-right paramilitaries —who have an invisible but near-total control over Colombia´s central oil town.
		Barrancabermeja´s former mayor Julio Cesar Ardila has been in hiding since June, when he was charged with murder of radio journalist Juan Emeterio Rivas who accused him of corruption and links paramilitary violence.
	colombia.indymedia.org /print.php?id=5566 (1884 words)

	Center for International Policy
		Barrancabermeja is hard to pronounce, and very little of last year’s billion-dollar package of U.S. military aid for Colombia will end up anywhere near this city.
		Barrancabermeja, swelling the city’s eastern zones and pushing the unemployment rate to an estimated 50 percent by early 2001.
		By the late 1990s, Barrancabermeja was the only population center in the Magdalena Medio region without a permanent paramilitary presence.
	www.ciponline.org /colombia/0401barr.htm (5613 words)

	Senator Paul Wellstone Takes The Lead Against 'Plan Colombia'
		But Barrancabermeja's 195,000 residents have no such protection: this year alone, 470 of them have been slain in politically motivated attacks, human rights workers say.
		The paramilitaries, responsible for numerous massacres of suspected guerrilla sympathizers, remain allied with the army in the field in anti-guerrilla operations.
		Barrancabermeja's police commander said the bomb was found on the road from the airport to the city.
	www.commondreams.org /headlines/120200-01.htm (802 words)

	Varsity Feature -- Demanding justice for Colombia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		What makes the Barrancabermeja killings particularly chilling is their randomness- the victims were plucked from everyday activities throughout the city.
		In an interview with a Colombian news magazine several months after the massacre, the leader of a paramilitary death squad acknowledged responsibility for the incident, admitting that the 25 disappeared individuals were later shot and dumped in a nearby river.
		Despite the presence of literally hundreds of witnesses, and the confession of the death squad leader, the killers have yet to be brought to justice.
	www.varsity.utoronto.ca /archives/120/aug99/feature/demand.html (1516 words)

	An Invasion Foretold -- In These Times (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		As so often in Colombia, the AUC’s December incursion in Barrancabermeja was an “invasion foretold.” Back in April 1999, Castano’s local commander, alias “Julian,” announced that his forces were in Barrancabermeja and would take control of the city “by December.” AUC actions followed an established pattern.
		Barrancabermeja is the largest city in the Magdalena Medio, a region of vast potential wealth and strategic importance.
		Barrancabermeja is a young town, a raunchy, tough, independent, blue-collar town with an anarchist streak.
	www.inthesetimes.com /site/main/article/an_invasion_foretold (2099 words)

	Crimes Of War Project > Magazine >
		Everything might look calm in the city center of Barrancabermeja, but on the outskirts of town, a dirty war is raging between paramilitaries and guerrillas of the leftist ELN, Ejército de la Liberación Nacional (National Liberation Army).
		Located along the important Magdalena River, which offers a water route to the Caribbean Sea, this industrial city refines 80 percent of the nation’s oil and stands at the heart of the fertile cattle ranching lands and rich coca producing areas of northern Colombia.
		It was a sleepy Sunday afternoon and the armed men, some of them standing in doorways and chatting with girls, others talking on cell phones, were all but ignored by the inhabitants of the dusty village.
	www.crimesofwar.org /colombia-mag/teun-print.html (1350 words)

	Barrancabermeja report intro (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		In mid-April 2004, a delegation of press freedom organizations traveled to the Colombian city of Barrancabermeja, in the northeastern department of Santander, to verify press freedom conditions.
		The group met with journalists, prosecutors, the Barrancabermeja ombudsman's office, police and army commanders, and civilian authorities.
		A copy of the report, titled "Barrancabermeja, la voz que se resiste a callar" (Barrancabermeja, the voice that refuses to be silenced), is available in Spanish (in PDF).
	www.cpj.org /regions_04/americas_04/barrancabermeja.html (206 words)

	Colombia: Barrancabermeja: A city under siege - Amnesty International (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Amnesty International is concerned that the events of 16 May should be fully investigated to ensure that all paramilitary/security force links are uncovered; that paramilitary groups operating in the region are dismantled; that all those responsible for human rights violations are brought to justice; and that the whereabouts of the "disappeared" is established.
		The oil-refining river port of Barrancabermeja is the heart of the Magdalena Medio region.
		The paramilitary offensive began in June in the municipalities of Simití and Santa Rosa del Sur to the north of Barrancabermeja in the southern region of Bolívar department.
	web.amnesty.org /library/Index/ENGAMR230361999 (9502 words)

	Peacewomen Home Page
		We must make something positive of this extraordinary condition of not being subjected to political armed conflict at the moment and make an extraordinary effort to devise a plan of development for the civilian population that will be conducive to strengthening the Establishment that will lead to the ultimate defeat of violence.
		Theft of gasoline is one of the ways illegal armed actors finance the war and take advantage of increasing poverty in the communities by turning this into a means of creating employment for the poor, both men and women.
		We must be clear that we women do not want any armed actor, neither guerrilla nor paramilitary, we do not want the power that emanates from their weapons; we want the reestablishment of civil life safeguarded by its legitimately constituted institutions.
	www.peacewomen.org /campaigns/regions/samericarib/barranca.html (1216 words)

	News/Features \| Colombia’s ‘dirty war’ (continued) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Of the 130 community activists killed in the city of Barrancabermeja since the human-rights group was founded in 1987, five have been its own members.
		In addition to the presence in Barrancabermeja of the military battalions that protect Ecopetrol, there are two police stations and an attorney general’s office.
		Colonel Gilberto Ibarra, of Barrancabermeja’s Nueva Granada Battalion, says that "in terms of the paramilitaries, the army commanders created a law to sanction the AUC sympathizers in the armed forces.
	www.bostonphoenix.com /boston/news_features/other_stories/multipage/documents/02161799.htm (1217 words)

	Urgent Action: Protect Community Leaders in Barrancabermeja (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Since December 22, the city of Barrancabermeja, located just south of the proposed demilitarized zone between the government and the ELN guerrillas in the Middle Magdalena region, has experienced massive paramilitary invasion.
		Since that time, the paramilitaries have targeted the population of Comuna 7, calling mandatory meetings, forcing residents to sign statements in opposition to community organizations, and threatening all those who don't comply.
		Announce outrage that the Colombian State has not taken concrete actions to protect the lives of the citizens of Barrancabermeja, such as fixing the phone lines in Comuna 7 or guaranteeing the protection of threatened leaders who return to their homes.
	www.colombiasupport.net /200102/uabarranca.asp (437 words)

	Police Thwart Assassination Attempt on Senator Wellstone (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Hours before Paul Wellstone, D-Minn., and U.S. Ambassador Anne Patterson flew into the town of Barrancabermeja on Thursday, police discovered two shrapnel-wrapped land mines alongside the road leading from the airport to the town and arrested a suspected rebel, said police Col. Jose Miguel Villar.
		The land mines each carried a 6.6-pound explosive charge, were attached to cables and a detonator and were ready to be set off, Villar said in a phone interview from Barrancabermeja, 155 miles north of Bogota, the capital.
		Barrancabermeja is the most violent town in Colombia, with almost 500 politically related murders this year alone, according to human rights activists.
	members.aol.com /apollo711/war/wellstone.html (372 words)

	CPJ News Alert 2004
		On January 28 at around 3 p.m., two armed men abducted the journalist while she was walking in downtown Barrancabermeja.
		Barrancabermeja, a port city in northeastern Colombia, is controlled by paramilitary forces, which are often accused of flagrant human rights violations.
		In October 2003, Janeth Montoya, a reporter for the Barrancabermeja-based daily Vanguardia Liberal, received death threats after she reported a story exposing the social problems of a poor neighborhood where armed groups are active.
	www.cpj.org /news/2004/Colombia04feb04na.html (329 words)

	Barrancabermeja Women'
		The women's mobilization in Barrancabermeja continued today to be an extraordinary success despite the harassment and blockade of the paramilitaries yesterday.
		This is important, because it underscores the importance of keeping attention on Barrancabermeja and on Colombia between events like mobilizations and delegations.
		International attention and mobilization has enabled the courageous women of Barrancabermeja, and of Colombia, to reclaim their public spaces and to become visible.
	www.zmag.org /crisescurevts/colombia/mingacm2.htm (536 words)

	PANOS LONDON > ONLINE - NEWS & FEATURES - LATEST FEATURES
		BARRANCABERMEJA CITY, COLOMBIA (PANOS FEATURES) — Women’s groups in Colombia, working to bring about peaceful social change and an end to 50 years of political violence, are having to face a fierce backlash by right-wing paramilitaries.
		Nowhere is this more evident than in Barrancabermeja, a city of 320,000 lying some 200 km north of the capital Bogota, where the Popular Woman’s Organisation (OFP), a grassroots non-government organisation, is being targeted by the United Self-Defence Forces of Colombia (AUC), an umbrella group of 10,000 paramilitaries.
		Viviana Bolívar, a psychologist who works in Barrancabermeja for the non governmental group Links, says women living in conflict suffer from severe stress, fearing they will be raped, abducted or killed.
	www.panos.org.uk /newsfeatures/featuredetails.asp?id=1182&null=1005& (1178 words)

	IFEX :: Journalists assaulted in Barrancabermeja
		In an 18 June press release, the Barrancabermeja Journalists' Association (Asociación de Periodistas de Barrancabermeja, APB) said some of the journalists were attacked by police officers dressed in civilian clothes.
		FLIP tried to contact the Barrancabermeja police chief, Colonel Jorge William Gil, but he could not be reached for comment.
		Barrancabermeja Ombudsman Jorge Enrique Gómez said his office would launch an investigation into the National Police's conduct during the protest.
	www.ifex.org /en/content/view/full/59643 (306 words)

	Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections - Barrancabermeja is Colombia's petrol capital
		He explains that making the initial hole in the pipeline is dangerous and difficult, because if the drill gets too hot it can ignite the petrol.
		The local government in most of the poor areas in Barrancabermeja is the guerrillas, and they take their cut of the trade.
		The organisation is set to start a peace process with the government, and its networks in Barrancabermeja have been hard hit by members of the right-wing Self Defence Forces of Colombia -- a paramilitary army pledged to destroy the guerrillas.
	www.gasandoil.com /goc/news/ntl11284.htm (750 words)

	[No title]
		This morning, Monday March 15, Coca-Cola union workers in Colombia began a hunger strike in front of the Coke bottling plants in Barrancabermeja, Bogotá, Bucaramanga, Cali, Cartagena, Cúcuta, Medellín, and Valledupar.
		On behalf of the workers and their families, please send the strongest possible message to The Coca-Cola Company in Atlanta and Coca-Cola FEMSA in Colombia.
		We're doing this to denounce, nationally and internationally, that nine Coca-Cola workers have been killed and 67 have been threatened with death; and that we've been the victims of attempted murder, kidnappings, forced displacement, and the burning of one of our union offices by the paramilitaries.
	www.colombiaactionnetwork.org /action_alert.html (1676 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Democratic security in Barrancabermeja is being accomplished by the illegal armed actors, who carry out police, judicial and social functions.
		The Communal State understood to be the totality of the community together seeking solutions to the social problems from an institutional and social point of view, [we see] that that function is being carried out in [this] city by the illegal armed actors.
		When they discovered that she was a member of the Organizacion Femenina Popular, they continued to threaten her and declared that she must leave Barrancabermeja, but she decided not to go.
	www.womenwarpeace.org /colombia/docs/ofpuribeletter.doc (915 words)

	americas.org - Six More Perish in Oil Port (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Barrancabermeja police commander Col. Jaime Martínez said that urban militias linked to leftist guerrilla groups responded by attacking the paramilitaries, forcing them to leave.
		The attacks came a day after a car bomb exploded in a market district in Barrancabermeja, killing one woman and injuring nine others.
		Threatening pamphlets dated September 28 and signed by the AUC were left at a conference titled “For Life and Human Rights,” held in Barrancabermeja September 29–30.
	www.americas.org /item_6322 (264 words)

	FiftyCrows - Social Change Photography
		Human rights activists have risked their lives to shed light on wide spread abuses and the war’s effect on civilians caught between paramilitary death squads and insurgent guerillas.
		In 1992, his close friend, human rights worker Julio Cesar Berrio, was assassinated for an outspoken stance on behalf of families of the “disappeared,” detained, and tortured.
		Goto left Colombia in 1993 after his name was put on a “death list.” A decade later, he returned to the town of Barrancabermeja to find the families he knew and to document the violence that continues to haunt the community.
	www.fiftycrows.org /photoessay/goto/index.php (305 words)

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