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	► Physical activity
		Basal metabolic rate increases with the amount of muscle tissue a person has, and it reduces with age.
		The target heart rate during physical activity should be 60 to 90% of the maximum heart rate.
		Physical activity contributes to health by reducing the heart rate, decreasing the risk for cardiovascular disease, and reducing the amount of bone loss that is associated with age and osteoporosis.
	www.umm.edu /ency/article/001941.htm (1031 words)

	Basal metabolic rate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Basal metabolic rate (BMR), is the rate of metabolism when an individual is at rest in a warm environment and is in the post absorptive state, and has not eaten for at least 12 hours.
		Basal metabolic rate is measured under very restrictive circumstances.
		A more common and closely related term used in many cases is resting metabolic rate (RMR), which is measured under less strict conditions.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Basal_metabolic_rate (180 words)

	Basal energy expenditure (BEE) or basal metabolic rate (BMR) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Basal energy expenditure (BEE) or basal metabolic rate (BMR) as it is sometimes called..
		Basal energy expenditure (BEE) or basal metabolic rate (BMR) as it is sometimes called, is the energy requirement to maintain life.
		David C. Frankenfield, MS, RD, Eric R. Muth, MS, and William A. Rowe, MD In the early part of the 20th century, numerous studies of human basal metabolism were conducted at the Nutrition Laboratory of the Carnegie Institution of Washington in Boston, Mass, under the direction of Francis G. Benedict.
	www.drsquat.com /newsletters/features512-bmr.htm (1423 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Physical activity
		Your basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the number of calories used by your body when it is at rest.
		Your basal metabolic rate is based on body functions such as breathing, digestion, heartbeat, and brain function.
		Basal metabolic rate increases with the amount of muscle tissue you have, and it reduces with age.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/001941.htm (986 words)

	Basal Metabolic Rate - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Type 1, and Metabolic Disorders treatment and medications
		Our metabolic rate is represented by the work we do, heat from body metabolism, and stored energy, such as in the form of fat.
		The "basal metabolic rate" (BMR) is the metabolic rate determined at rest 12 to 14 hours after the last meal.
		The metabolic rate is affected by recent food ingestion, muscle exertion, environmental temperature, height, weight, body surface area, age, sex, emotional state, body temperature, pregnancy, menstruation, level of thyroid hormones, and "stress" hormones (epinephrine and norepinephrine).
	www.medicinenet.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=193 (228 words)

	Basal Metabolic Rate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		You may be able to increase your basal metabolism if it has been lowered by poor dieting and lack of exercise, but it won't ever be what it was when you were 13 years old.
		The basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the number of calories required to keep our bodies operating at rest (that is, to maintain breathing, heart rate, body temperature and other basic functions).
		These basic functions consume a lot of energy --- about three-quarters of all calories we eat each day --- and approximately 20 percent of these calories are accounted for by muscle metabolism.
	www.hhp.ufl.edu /keepingfit/ARTICLE/bmr.htm (423 words)

	Basal metabolic rate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The amount of energy liberated per unit time (metabolic rate) determined at as complete mental and physical rest as possible, in a room at a comfortable temperature, 12 hours after the last meal.
		However, if the changes in body composition that comes with aging is taken into consideration, the BMR of the elderly may not be that much lower.
		The rate at which an animal body consumes oxygen when it is at rest and is not digesting a meal.
	www.cartage.org.lb /en/themes/Reference/dictionary/Biologie/B/85.html (122 words)

	Diabetes Monitor - establishing starting basal rate and bolus doses
		To calculate the hourly basal rate, 50% of the pump starting dose is divided by 24 hours.
		This protocol for determining appropriate basal rates and bolus doses is presented for illustrative purposes only.
		Proper consultation with the physician or other healthcare professional should be used to determine the basal rates and bolus amounts which are appropriate for individual pump users.
	www.diabetesmonitor.com /b271.htm (198 words)

	Basal Rate Estimator
		The Insulin Pumper's Basal Rate Estimator is made available to you in the hope that you may find it useful.
		This tool provides an estimate of possible changes to blood sugar levels when insulin basal rates are changed.
		Enter the basal rate you run for the time 2 to 4 hours before your blood sugar data starts as the starting basal rate time.
	www.insulin-pumpers.org /howto/basal.cgi (326 words)

	The basal metabolic rate (from pregnancy) -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		The amount of oxygen consumed is an index of the pregnant woman's metabolism when she is at rest—her basal metabolism.
		The rate begins to rise during the third month of pregnancy and may double the normal rate (+10 percent) by the time of delivery.
		The rate rises in specific proportion to the size of the fetus and represents the effects of the mother's activities plus those…
	www.britannica.com /eb/article?tocId=76060 (925 words)

	Initial Insulin Dosage for Insulin Pump
		The basal rate is adjusted after evaluating blood glucose levels throughout a 24-hour period.
		The basal rate is adjusted by 0.1 U/hr increments to keep the premeal and overnight blood glucose levels to within 30 mg/dl (1.7mmol/L) of the desired glucose range[2].
		Some patients have decreased basal insulin requirements between the hours of 12 AM and 3 AM and will need to have the basal rate decreased during those hours.
	www.perinatology.com /calculators/insulinpump.htm (605 words)

	Basal Metabolic Rate -MWF (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) is the number of calories you will burn in a 24 hour period while lying down, but not sleeping (in other words, watching TV with a remote control in your hand).
		Your Active Metabolic Rate (AMR) is estimated by adding the caloric cost of all activities you engage in throughout the day to your BMR.
		This will be used to determine your Active Metabolic Rate --how many calories you might burn in a day according to your activity level.
	motionworksfitness.com /bmr.htm (761 words)

	Increase metabolism, Speed up metabolism,metabolism boosters,Basal Metabolic Rate,BMR
		The slower the metabolic rate, the greater the weight gains.
		Your Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) is what your body needs at rest to maintain normal bodily functions like beating of our heart, respiration, and the maintenance of body temperature.
		The metabolic rate depends on sex, age, and amount of muscle.
	www.fatfreekitchen.com /weightloss/metabolism.html (495 words)

	Cardiac output increases independently of basal metabolic rate in early human pregnancy -- Spaanderman et al. 278 (5): ...
		Cardiac output increases independently of basal metabolic rate in early human pregnancy -- Spaanderman et al.
		The effect of pseudopregnancy on glomerular filtration rate and salt and water reabsorption in the rat.
		Changes in basal metabolic rate during pregnancy in relation to changes in body weight and composition, cardiac output, insulin-like growth factor I, and thyroid hormones and in relation to fetal growth
	ajpheart.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/278/5/H1585 (2218 words)

	MSU-Northern: Wellness - BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Thus your Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) is the number of calories you'd burn if you stayed in bed all day and did nothing - a tempting idea for some.
		BMR is the largest factor in determining overall metabolic rate and (also) how many calories you need to maintain, lose or gain weight.
		For example, the metabolic rate of very overweight women is 25% higher than that of thin women.
	www.nmclites.edu /wellness/bmr.htm (665 words)

	A temperature on basal metabolic rate effect suggests endocrine system disease. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The temperature on basal metabolic rate effect is very subtle.
		The effects of temperature on basal metabolic rate are expected to grow in significance as new and exciting research is published nearly every day.
		And keep in mind that anyone who is setting-out on any dietary, drug, exercise, or other lifestyle change that is intended to prevent or treat a specific disease or condition should first consult with, request a green-light from, and be monitored by a qualified healthcare provider.
	www.juicedbody.com /temperature-on-basal-metabolic-rate.html (636 words)

	Dienekes' Anthropology Blog: Basal metabolic rate in theYakut of Siberia
		Basal metabolic rate in the Yakut (Sakha) of Siberia
		Human indigenous circumpolar populations have elevated basal metabolic rates (BMRs) relative to predicted values; this metabolic elevation has been postulated to be a physiological adaptation to chronic and severe cold stress.
		The present study examines BMR in the Yakut, an indigenous high-latitude population from the Sakha Republic of Russia to determine (1) whether the Yakut show evidence of an elevated BMR, (2) if the Yakut display evidence of age-related changes in BMR, and (3) whether lifestyle differences influence BMR.
	dienekes.blogspot.com /2005/03/basal-metabolic-rate-in-theyakut-of.html (268 words)

	Basal Metabolic Rate and your energy requirements.
		In order to have energy to fulfill our daily tasks, we need to obtain energy from our diet, and an under-supply of the correct nutrients could lead to several deficiencies as well as a lack of energy, while an over-supply of "energy" in the form of food could lead to obesity.
		In determining the BMR (basal metabolic rate) certain general principles were accepted, such as the person being engaged in a "light" occupation, with 8 hours sleep, 12 hours of very light work, 3 hours of light work and 1 hour of moderate activity.
		Basal need of 1 kcal per kg per hour.
	www.anyvitamins.com /energy-info.htm (282 words)

	MSN Encarta - Dictionary - basal metabolic rate
		MSN Encarta - Dictionary - basal metabolic rate
		Search for "basal metabolic rate" in all of MSN Encarta
		rate of oxygen consumption: the rate at which an organism consumes oxygen while awake but at rest, measured in calories per square meter of body surface per hour
	encarta.msn.com /encnet/features/dictionary/DictionaryResults.aspx?refid=1861685881 (76 words)

	How to Estimate Your Basal Metabolic Rate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Precise measurement o the basal metabolic rate requires elaborate scientific equipment.
		Basal metabolism – the energy our body needs to remain alive – accounts for 50-75% of our daily caloric expenditure.
		Physical activity – 15-50% of our caloric expenditure is used for activities above the basal metabolic baseline.
	emp.byui.edu /LAMPHJ/BasalMetabolicRate.htm (309 words)

	Howstuffworks "How Calories Work"
		Your basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the amount of energy your body needs to function at rest.
		This accounts for about 60 to 70 percent of calories burned in a day and includes the energy required to keep the heart beating, the lungs breathing, the kidneys functioning and the body temperature stabilized.
		One of the most accurate methods of estimating your basal metabolic rate is the Harris-Benedict formula:
	www.howstuffworks.com /calorie3.htm (224 words)

	Comparison of measured sleeping metabolic rate and predicted basal metabolic rate during the first year of life: ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Objective: To compare measurements of sleeping metabolic rate (SMR) in infancy with predicted basal metabolic rate (BMR) estimated by the equations of Schofield.
		Moreover there was a significant correlation between the mean of the measured and predicted metabolic rate and the difference between them.
		Conclusions: The wide variation seen in the difference between measured and predicted metabolic rate and the bias probably with age indicates there is a need to measure actual metabolic rate for individual clinical care in this age group.
	www.nature.com /cgi-taf/DynaPage.taf?file=/ejcn/journal/v56/n7/abs/1601372a.html (406 words)

	Daily Calorie intake (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		This calculator will calculate your BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate) and your AMR (Active Metabolic Rate).
		Your BMR, or basal metabolic rate (metabolism), is the energy (measured in calories) expended by the body at rest to maintain normal bodily functions.
		This continual work makes up about 60-70% of the calories we use ("burn" or expend) and includes the beating of our heart, respiration, and the maintenance of body temperature.
	www.bodyforlife2.com /calorie_intake.htm (326 words)

	Basal Metabolic Rate - BMR
		BMR is the largest factor in determining overall metabolic rate and how many calories you need to maintain, lose or gain weight.
		Example: the metabolic rate of obese women is 25 percent higher than the metabolic rate of thin women.
		The Harris Benedict equation is a calorie formula using the factors of height, weight, age, and sex to determine basal metabolic rate (BMR).
	www.shapefit.com /basal-metabolic-rate.html (2870 words)

	BASAL RATE SETTING
		Multiple basal rates (profiles) are used to accommodate predictable changes in basal insulin needs, such as during sleep and pre-dawn hours.
		Up to 48 basal rates may be programmed with the 507C.
		The basal rate is set correctly if the blood glucose remains within30 points of the starting value for several hours when no food is eaten during the test period.
	www-nmcp.med.navy.mil /Endo/basalratesetting.asp (98 words)

	Basal Metabolic Rate - BMR and its effect on weight loss
		Your basal metabolic rate, or BMR, is the minimum calorific requirement needed to sustain life in a resting individual.
		Thyroxin is a hormone that is produced by the thyroid - a small gland in the neck, just under the Adam's apple - and is a key BMR-regulator which controls the metabolic activity within the body.
		When the thyroid is not working properly (called thyroid disorder), it can affect your body weight, energy level, muscle strength, skin health, menstrual cycle (periods), memory, heart rate, and cholesterol level.
	www.weightlossforgood.co.uk /basal_metabolic_rate.htm (426 words)

	How often do surgeons order a basal rate for PCA? - allnurses.com Nursing for Nurses (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		When post-ops have PCA MSO4 ordered, they generally have a basal rate of 1 mg/hr ordered and it's usually ordered to be D/C'd in the morning.
		The problem was that the nurse said she was not told in report that there was a basal rate for the PCA and she surely didnt think there would be for a lap appy!
		And, if a basal rate is ordered, it is only for 1mg per hour, certainly not 3mg.
	allnurses.com /forums/showthread.php?t=63629 (931 words)

	Basal metabolic rate calculator bmr calories burned exercise nutrition
		Basal metabolic rate calculator bmr calories burned exercise nutrition
		Your basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the energy used (measured in calories) by your body to perform basic functions, including internal energy expenditure, breathing, and body temperature.
		It is the number of calories your body would expend if you performed no physical activity throughout the day.
	www.hydroxycut.com /WOMEN/CALCULATORS/BMR/index.shtml (172 words)

	Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR), Energy Expenditure, and Body Composition
		Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR), Energy Expenditure, and Body Composition
		Basal Metabolic Rate is the mimimal caloric requirement needed to sustain life in a resting individual.
		This is the amount of energy your body would burn if you slept all day (24 hours).
	instruct1.cit.cornell.edu /Courses/ns421/BMR.html (1647 words)

	BMR Calculator
		Your Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) shows the number of calories your body needs to operate.
		This doesn't account for any activity, it's simply the energy needed to sustain a heartbeat, breathing and normal body temperature.
		It uses the formula from Harris, James Arthur & Benedict, Francis Gano (1919) "A biometric study of basal metabolism in man," Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington D.C. pp.
	html.kcra.com /sh/health/diettv/calc/bmrcalc.html (96 words)

	Basal Metabolic Rate
		While you are sitting around, your body burns energy for a myriad of bodily functions, for example to pump blood around the body, for the digestion of food, and for cells to grow.
		Many of the cells in the body are situated in the muscles, which require a certain amount of energy just to be maintained, even when they are not being used to do muscular work for the body.
		One way of increasing your basal metabolic rate is to increase the amount of muscle mass in your body.
	www.topendsports.com /nutrition/bmr.htm (400 words)

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