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	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Basidium
		A basidium (pl., basidia) is a microscopic, spore-producing structure found on the hymenophore of fruiting bodies of basidiomycete fungi.
		In a typical basidium, each basidiospore is borne at the tip of a narrow prong or horn called a sterigma (pl. sterigmata), and is forcibly discharged upon maturity.
		Sometimes the basidium (metabasidium) develops from a probasidium, which is a specialized cell which is not elongated like a typical hypha.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Basidium (595 words)

	Fungi Classficatiom - Basidiomycotina
		Basidiomycetes are characterised primarily by the sexual spores (basidiospores) being produced on a cell called a basidium, usually in fours.
		Basidium is the cell in which karyogamy (nuclear fusion) and meiosis occur, and on which haploid basidiospores are formed.
		The basidium produce four basidiospores, borne on the tips of little prongs which project from the apex, and which are called sterigmata.
	www.hiddenforest.co.nz /fungi/class/basidiomycotina.htm (545 words)

	Basidium
		The basidium is a microscopic structure found in at the ends of hyphae in the fruiting bodies[?] (usually mushroom-like) of basidiomycete fungi.
		The word basidium literally means little pedestal, from the way in which the basidium supports the spores.
		However, some biologists find that the structure more closely resembles a club; thus, the Basidiomycota are also known as the club fungi.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ba/Basidium.html (61 words)

	Spore discharge in mushrooms
		A typical basidium is a club-shaped structure, usually with four prongs at one end.
		While the spore leaves the basidium with a tremendous acceleration, it is small and quickly feels the effects of air resistance.
		When a spore is shot off the basidium on the gill of a mushroom, it is important that the force isn't strong enough to send it to the neighbouring gill, for the spore would remain stuck there.
	www.anbg.gov.au /fungi/spore-discharge-mushrooms.html (2702 words)

	Button Mushroom
		For 2002- 2003 the average yield of the button mushrooms for the USA was 6.3 lbs/ft 2 or 31 kg/m 2.This mushroom pertains to phylum basidiomycota and its life-cycle consists of four morphologically distinct stages: spore formation, gowth of mycelia (vegetative), primodia development, and finally maturation of the basidium, or mushroom.
		The basidium is composed of the stipe or stalk and the pileus or cap.
		Spores are formed in the basidium to complete the life cycle of the mushroom.
	www.personal.psu.edu /students/m/a/mab568/Agaricus.htm (1348 words)

	* Basidium - (Biology): Definition
		basidium Club-shaped reproductive cell in basidiomycetes undergoes meiosis to produce four haploid cells called basidiospores.
		In fungi and fungus-like organisms, spores are often classified by the structure in which meiosis and spore production takes place, such as a telium, ascus, basidium, or oogonium, which produce teliospore, ascospores, basidiospores, and oospores,...
		The basidia develop on the undersides and release their spores (four from each basidium) into the air.
	en.mimi.hu /biology/basidium.html (185 words)

	California Fungi -- Glossary
		An ascus is typically club shaped and which forms internally 4 or 8 ascospores, usually in a row.
		basidium -- a specialized sexual reproductive cell found in the fertile area of the hymenium of all Basidiomycetes, typically shaped like a baseball bat.
		A basidium possesses four slightly inwardly curved horns (sterigma) to which the basidiospores are attached.
	www.mykoweb.com /CAF/glossary.html (1119 words)

	Mycology Online -- Fungal Jungle
		Basidiomycetes: A group of fungi that reproduce sexually by the exogenous formation of basidiospores from a basidium.
		Basidium (pl. basidia): A cell that gives rise to a basidiospore.
		Basipetal: A chain of conidia, the oldest conidium is at the apex and the youngest is at the base.
	www.mycology.adelaide.edu.au /Fungal_Jungle/glossary.html (1540 words)

	The Science Creative Quarterly » A PEACH OF A PATHOGEN: CRYPTOCOCCUS NEOFORMANS
		Sexual reproduction in C. neoformans begins when two cells, each carrying one complement of their genetic information (a state in which they are called haploid), encounter one another and, as a result, fuse.
		It is the basidium that will bear the spores (sometimes called basidospores) that will eventually form.
		For this to occur the two haploid nuclei residing in the basidium must fuse, through an event called karyogamy, to form one diploid nucleus.
	www.scq.ubc.ca /?p=525 (1745 words)

	Fungi
		As this is happening four protrusions are developing from the tip of the club-shaped basidium.
		Basidiomycota are fungi that produce a basidiospore on a basidium.
		Protrusions - sterigmata - extend from the club-shaped basidium and a swelling appears.
	carroll1.cc.edu /~jclausz/botany/Fungi.html (2219 words)

	SparkNotes: Fungi: Basidiomycota: The Club Fungi
		Mushrooms, puffballs, and shelf fungi are all members of this group, as are the plant rusts and smuts.
		They differ in that the basidium bears its spores outside while the ascus retains them inside the structure.
		The role of the basidium in sexual reproduction is discussed in Heading.
	www.sparknotes.com /biology/microorganisms/fungi/section1.html (595 words)

	lb2pg07
		These nuclei then migrate into four small extensions at the apical end of the basidium, and are walled off to form the four basidiospores.
		The basidia are borne in a layer on the surface of "gills" which, in turn, are produced on the underside of fleshy umbrella-like basidiocarps.
		The basidiospores are forcibly ejected form the basidium.
	io.uwinnipeg.ca /~simmons/lb2pg07.htm (676 words)

	Sparassis Details (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The basidiospores are borne on the tips of slender, tapered extensions of the basidium called sterigmata.
		The photo on the right shows a basidium with two sterigmata before spore formation.
		The shiny, yellowish structures inside the basidium are oil droplets (lipids), which provide energy for the development of the basidiospores.
	www.plant.uga.edu /mycology-herbarium/details/Ambis-details.htm (114 words)

	Russulales News / Characteristics of the russuloid fungi
		I presented a first series of basidium types, reflecting mainly the existing variation range in Central African Russulae at the 4th International Mycological Congress at Regensburg in 199.
		In delimiting the different basidium types, one should make use of the size and morphology of the basidia and of the sterigmata.
		The final publication of an illustrated reference series of basidium types should be based on detailed statistical data and cover the existing range of basidium types in Russulales and might later eventually be extended to other genera of Agaricales as well.
	www.mtsn.tn.it /russulales-news/tc_basidia.asp (792 words)

	On-Line Glossary: B
		A structure in the hymenium of a member of the Basidiomycotina that is morphologically similar to a basidium without sterigmata.
		It may be an immature basidium or a permanently sterile structure in the hymenium.
		An exogenous sexual spore (meiospore) borne on a basidium.
	ppathw3.cals.cornell.edu /glossary/Defs_B.htm (521 words)

	Using a Microscope: Basidia and Cystidia (MushroomExpert.Com)
		Their length and width (at the widest point) should be measured--but assessing the precise length often involves a little bit of guesswork, since the bases of the basidia are often obscured within the pallisade that makes up the gill surface (a crush mount will separate basidia, if you need precise measurements).
		This can be a little difficult, since basidia are often large enough that their entire depth cannot be brought into focus at once; you will usually need to roll the fine focus knob back and forth to be able to see all the prongs.
		Some families and genera can be recognized by their distinctive basidia shapes (the Chanterelles and Trumpets or the Waxy Caps, for example) but these groups are fairly easy to recognize on non-microscopic characters.
	www.mushroomexpert.com /microscope_cystidia.html (884 words)

	What is... ?
		Basidiomycete - A basidiomycete is a fungus that forms its sexual spores externally on a special cell called a basidium.
		The resulting spores are termed basidiospores and they usually are formed on the tip of a slender extension of the basidium called the sterigma.
		Because the basidium is often club-shaped, the basidiomycetes are often referred to as club fungi.
	www.plant.uga.edu /mycology-herbarium/whatis.htm (2099 words)

	Guidelines
		In the example below, basidiocarp is a child of fruitbody, basidium is a child of basidiocarp, and basidium is a grandchild of fruitbody.
		For instance, the structure of the node below implies that a basidium is a part of a basidiocarp and a basidiocarp is an example of a fruitbody.
		It implies that a basidium is part of a fruitbody.
	www.yeastgenome.org /fungi/fungal_anatomy_ontology/guidelines.html (655 words)

	Basidiomycota (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Finally, the two haploid nuclei in each basidium fuse - a process termed karyogamy) to form a diploid nucleus.
		Note that each basidium produces four stalks (sterigmata) and the basidiospores develop on the ends of these stalks.
		In many basidiomycota there is a rather elaborate mechanism for ensuring that the dikaryotic condition is maintained during growth of the hyphae.
	helios.bto.ed.ac.uk /bto/microbes/basidio.htm (1420 words)

	DRAFT FOR MYCOLOGY TERMINOLOGY HANDOUT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Basidiospore - sexual haploid spores of basidiomycetes produced on a club-shaped basidium after one meiotic division of a diploid zygote nucleus (see Basidiomycete, Basidium).
		Basidium (pl. basidia) - club-shaped cell that contains the diploid zygote nucleus of the basidiomycetes and which gives rise to four haploid basidiospores after a single meiotic division.
		Teliospore - the specialized probasidium (immature basidium) of rust fungi adapted specifially for overseasoning and which germinates by a producing a club-shaped metabasidium (mature basidium) bearing four hapoid basidiospores.
	taipan.nmsu.edu /EPWS472/terminology-472.html (3737 words)

	Cedar Apple Rust
		During rains, after the telial horns absorb water, the teliospores germinate to produce a germ tube (basidium) from each cell.
		Four basidiospores are produced on each basidium (Fig.
		At optimum temperatures, basidiospores are produced within 4 hours of the horns absorbing water.
	www.nysipm.cornell.edu /factsheets/treefruit/diseases/car/car.asp (542 words)

	OEDILF
		Certain basidiomycete fungi use hydrostatic pressure to project their sexual spores long distances from the basidium (buh-SIDD-dee-yum, pl. basidia).
		A basidium is the minute club-shaped structure on which the spores grow, typically in groups of four spores per basidium.
		Such ballistospores are seen in a wide alphabetic range of fungal groups, from ascomycotes to zygomycotes.
	www.oedilf.com /db/Lim.php?VerseId=44333 (148 words)

	APSnet Education Center - Plant Disease Lessons - Stinking smut of wheat - Pathogen Biology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		They are released from infected plants (see Disease Cycle and Epidemiology) and land on healthy seeds or on the soil surface.
		When environmental conditions are favorable, each teliospore germinates by producing a short germ tube, technically called a basidium.
		Shortly after the basidium is formed, long thread-like, light-colored, haploid spores are produced, four or more per basidium (Figure 7).
	www.apsnet.org /education/lessonsplantpath/StinkingSmut/pathbio.htm (432 words)

	glossary
		The state of an insect population in which large deviations from population oscillations do not occur.
		A basidiospore that is forcibly shot away from the basidium.
		Small sexually produced spores, borne on a basidium or stalk as in the Basidiomycetes (rusts, smuts and mushrooms).
	www.pestmanagement.co.uk /lib/glossary/glossary_b.shtml (3607 words)

	Basidium - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Schematic showing a basidiomycete mushroom, gill structure, and spore-bearing basidia on the gill margins.
		An immature basidium is known as a basidiole.
		Sometimes the basidium (metabasidium) develops from a probasidium, which is a specialized cell which is not elongated like a typical hypha.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Basidium (200 words)

	Amazon.com: basidium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Basidium and Basidiocarp: Evolution, Cytology, Function and Development (Springer Series in Microbiology) by Kenneth Wells and Ellinor K. Wells (Hardcover - Mar 1982)
		traced the spokes of the basidium as he marshaled his next...
		are forcibly discharged from the basidium at maturity, except in the...
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&keywords=basidium&tag=icongroupinterna&index=blended&link_code=qs&page=1 (975 words)

	Cryptococcus - MicrobeWiki
		At the end of the hypha a structure called the basidium, a spore-producing, club-shaped structure.
		The basidium produces spores when the two haploid nuclei inside the structure fuse to produce one diploid nucelus.
		Spores result from meiosis and mitotic divisions, which are then released and enter the host through the respiratory system.
	microbewiki.kenyon.edu /index.php/Cryptococcus (417 words)

	Basidium
		The basidium is a microscopic structure found in at the ends of hyphae in the fruiting bodies (usually mushroom-like) of basidiomycete fungi.
		However, some biologists find that the structure more closely resembles a club; thus, the Basidiomycota are also known as the club fungi.
		English words defined with "basidium": basidiospore ♦ Dacrymyces, Dacrymycetaceae ♦ family Dacrymycetaceae, family Tremellaceae ♦ Gastroboletus, genus Dacrymyces, genus Gastroboletus ♦ hypobasidium ♦ promycelium ♦ Tremellaceae.
	www.websters-online-dictionary.org /definition/english/ba/basidium.html (431 words)

	Basidiomycota
		Homobasidium - the "typical" basidium as in Agaricus.
		Each cell of the teliospore will develop a transversely septate basidium, and the 4 nuclei resulting from meiosis will ascend into the basidium and onto the sterigmata.
		The succeeding mitotic divisions produce a small mycelium in the embryo of the kernel.
	www.cs.cuc.edu /~tfutcher/Basidiomycota.html (2127 words)

	basidiocomycota (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Gills are located on the underside of the mushroom cap which contain the basidia.
		The spores are released from the basidium when they mature and are spread by the wind.
		It is often hard to tell between the two and should only be done by a professional.
	www.cbv.ns.ca /MCHS/diversity/basidiocomycota.html (226 words)

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