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Topic: Basilect

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	More on Basilect
		In linguistics, a basilect is a term for dialects of speech which have diverged so far from the standard language that in essence they have become a different language.
		A basilect represents the opposite end of the scale of linguistic formality from an acrolect.
		Basilects typically differ from the standard language in pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar, and can often develop into different languages, as the basilects of Vulgar Latin eventually developed into Romance languages.
	www.artilifes.com /basilect.htm (0 words)

	Basilect Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In linguistics, a basilect is a dialect of speech that has diverged considerably from an acrolect, or standard, "educated", variety of the language.
		University of Chicago linguist Salikoko Mufwene explains the phenomenon of creole languages as "basilectalization" away from a standard, often European, language among a mixed European and non-European population.
		Basilects typically differ from the standard language in pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar, and can often develop into different languages, as the basilects of Vulgar Latin eventually developed into different Romance languages.
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /topic/Basilect.html (272 words)

	Review of Peter Patrick's Urban Jamaican Creole
		This position is disputable, first because a basilect is just an analytical construct intended to depict the extreme systemic level of divergence from the acrolect that a linguist can infer of a creole.
		The standard, often misidentified with the acrolect (the speech of the educated and/or upper class), is the other extreme of the continuum within which most speakers in a creole community gravitate in one or the other direction.
		Thus positing a mesolectal grammar that is distinct from basilectal grammar is problematic, as much as I agree with Patrick that mesolectal grammar is structurally heterogeneous.
	humanities.uchicago.edu /faculty/mufwene/mufw_patrick.html (2058 words)

	basilect - alphaDictionary * Free English On-line Dictionary
		The various varieties of Gaelic have become basilects in their regions because they do not offer the political and economic advantages of the acrolect, English.
		In Play: The dialect of Brooklyn, New York is often considered the basilect and the English of TV announcers the acrolect.
		In Jamaica, Jamaican Creole is the basilect and Jamaican English, the acrolect.
	www.alphadictionary.com /goodword/word/basilect (0 words)

	What is the acrolect and basilect in your country? \| Antimoon Forum (Site not responding. Last check: )
		And the basilect would be the " andalusian ", which is a vairety of spanish talked in the south of Spain (Andalucia) and is very incorrect, plenty of mistakes, a pronunciation very particular.
		At least here, it is very strongly basilectal with respect to its relationship of the general prevailing native dialect of the area (I say native because AAVE was brought here from the South with the movement of significant portions of the fl population of such to northern cities).
		The basilects, on the other hand, are mainly the dialects spoken in the eastern parts of the country, which are regarded as the most backward areas.
	www.antimoon.com /forum/t395-0.htm (1208 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In linguistics, a basilect is a dialect of speech that has diverged considerably from an acrolect, or standard, "educated", variety of the language.
		University of Chicago linguist Salikoko Mufwene explains the phenomenon of creole languages as "basilectalization" away from a standard, often European, language among a mixed European and non-European population.
		Basilects typically differ from the standard language in pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar, and can often develop into different languages, as the basilects of Vulgar Latin eventually developed into different Romance languages.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Basilect (187 words)

	Amazon.com: basilect (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Basilect, mesolect and corrective pressure in the speech of some Trinidadian children by Lawrence D Carrington (Unknown Binding - 1976)
		of the continuum is the basilect, the language variety furthest away...
		Stewart was to characterize as "basilect" to "acrolect." For the 1968...
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&keywords=basilect&index=blended&page=1 (1019 words)

	What is the acrolect and basilect in your country? \| Antimoon Forum
		Various linguistics textbooks define 'acrolect' as the variety of a language with the most prestige and 'basilect' as the variety of a language which is the most stigmatised.
		Some eastern dialects are more stigmatising, but the basilect is definitely the speech of Gypsies (most of them are Romungros, that is, Gypsies who have switched to Hungarian and don't use their original language any more).
		The basilect is genuine dialects from all over the island especiialy from the Troodos dialects and Paphos.
	www.antimoon.com /forum/t2073.htm (1284 words)

	Invariantology: What is not unity? (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A basilect is as intent to the fulfillments that fulfill it.
		A basilect is as fulfillment to the intents that intend it.
		A spoken language is as intent to the fulfillments that fulfill it.
	wwf.edula.com /content/linguistics/if.html (2168 words)

	Basilect (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In linguistics, a basilect is a term for dialects of speech which have diverged so far from the standard language that in essence they have become a different language.
		Basilects typically differ from the standard language in pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar, and can often develop into different languages, as the basilects of Vulgar Latin eventually developed into Romance languages.
		Ebonics may be seen as a modern example of a basilect.
	www.datamass.net /ba/basilect.html (117 words)

	What is the acrolect and basilect in your country? \| Antimoon Forum
		The basilect, or at least one of them would be the dialect of the Cape Coloureds spoken in and around Cape Town.
		Probably the most stigmitised feature of the Cape Coloured Afrikaans dialect is the pronounciation of J which rather than being rendered as Y in English "yellow" as it is in standard Afrikaans is rendered as J as in English "jam".
		I don't think acrolect and basilect are really very useful terms in American sociolinguistics, or at least not for so broad a group as the country as a whole.
	www.antimoon.com /forum/t395-60.htm (1746 words)

	Unmerger and Decreolization (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Decreolization is hypothesized form of language shift in which parts of the community that formerly spoke a basilect, gradually acquire the forms of the acrolect.
		In complete decreolization, the basilect gradually disappears, and the population eventually comes to speak the standard language.
		These mergers presumably occurred at the earliest stage in the development of the creole; they are characteristic of the basilect.
	www.tomveatch.com /Veatch1991/node132.html (636 words)

	Syncretism vs. Creolization - The Free Information Society
		A major factor in the process of creolization is the interaction of the acrolect and basilect within two cultures or religions.
		The acrolect is the dominant colonizing or conquering religion, and the basilect is the colonized, conquered religion.
		What usually occurs is the incorporation of the acrolect's symbols and ideas, the dogma and doctrine, and the basilect's practices and rituals.
	www.freeinfosociety.com /site.php?postnum=2302 (490 words)

	Ways to Speak Kriol
		When a Creole language exists in the same social environment as the language from which its vocabulary was taken, a continuum of variation develops.
		The basilect is that form of the Creole language that is most different from the language from which the vocabulary came.
		In Belize the basilect is what we call ‘broad Kriol’, the acrolect could be called Belizean English.
	www.kriol.org.bz /LanguagePages/Language_Ways.htm (277 words)

	Unmerger and Decreolization (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Decreolization is hypothesized form of language shift in which parts of the community that formerly spoke a basilect, gradually acquire the forms of the acrolect.
		In complete decreolization, the basilect gradually disappears, and the population eventually comes to speak the standard language.
		These mergers presumably occurred at the earliest stage in the development of the creole; they are characteristic of the basilect.
	tomveatch.com /Veatch1991/node132.html (636 words)

	Die Roepstem - The Scots spelling system in Early Modern texts
		A basilect is the variety of the dialect which is closest to the original -- Scots -- language or dialect and farthest from RP or the standard language (Trudgill and Hannah 2002: 110, 111, 120).
		Speakers of a Scots basilect will tend to use the variety of Scottish English that is closest to RP (also known as the 'acrolect') in educated circles or areas outside the Scottish language area, whereas in situations with peers -- in pubs or other leisurely situations - the 'truly Scots' basilect will prevail.
		Scots can still be written and its basilect is still is a full-fledged language; only the number of people who can write it well is scarce if we compare it with the command of English.
	www.roepstem.net /scots.html (2954 words)

	E:\tmp\converted2html\p-c_decr.htm (Site not responding. Last check: )
		This process is called decreolization, and is usually attended by a phenomenon called a post-creole continuum, in which speakers range from a more creolized variety, the basilect, toward and intermediate varitiy (mesolect) toward the standard, or acrolect.
		basilectal or toward the basilect) than as categories.
		Most speakers will be able to shift through a range of this gamut but not the whole length of it.
	way.net /creole/p-c_decr.html (149 words)

	LINGUIST List 7.694: English as an Asian Language
		ACROLECT AND BASILECT English in the chosen countries is markedly divided between the acrolect and the basilect, and great care must be taken not to confuse the two.
		The basilect is the low form of the language, usually existing only in its spoken form and clearly regarded as not `proper English'.
		Thus in Singapore the distinction is made between Singaporean English and Singlish (the basilectal Singaporean English), the latter being increasingly loved by the Singaporeans and paraded as a national flag, but quite definitely regarded as not proper English.
	www.ling.ed.ac.uk /linguist/issues/7/7-694.html (2067 words)

	Spotted! gal with nice phones! - SGHeadphones
		The one you mentioned is the basilect variety.
		A person with the ability of using the acrolect variety may have the ability to use abny of the other varieties.
		There are a few basilects: Brummie (working-class Birmingham speech), Scouse (working-class Liverpool speech) and Cockney, which actually is associated with London! Mesolects (those varieties with mid-prestige/stigma) generally tend to be rural or national varieties.
	www.sgheadphones.net /index.php?showtopic=4664&st=15 (735 words)

	Die Roepstem - The Scots spelling system in Early Modern texts
		A basilect is the variety of the dialect which is closest to the original -- Scots -- language or dialect and farthest from RP or the standard language (Trudgill and Hannah 2002: 110, 111, 120).
		Speakers of a Scots basilect will tend to use the variety of Scottish English that is closest to RP (also known as the 'acrolect') in educated circles or areas outside the Scottish language area, whereas in situations with peers -- in pubs or other leisurely situations - the 'truly Scots' basilect will prevail.
		Scots can still be written and its basilect is still is a full-fledged language; only the number of people who can write it well is scarce if we compare it with the command of English.
	roepstem.net /scots.html (2954 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Amass the Acrolect and the Basilect separately and shape them as two equal-sized elongated rectangular pieces.
		Simultaneously spread the Basilect upwards until it lightly touches the Acrolect.
		Fix the edges of contact with chicken broth and smooth the surface of the resulting paste.
	linguistlist.org /cgi-bin/cookfly.cgi?recipe.miscell.11 (150 words)

	IngentaConnect Basilects in Creole Literatures: Examples from Sranan, Capeverdia... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Basilects in Creole Literatures: Examples from Sranan, Capeverdian Crioulo and Antillean Kréyol
		The concept of the basilect has accordingly played an important role in creole writing, critical thinking, and polemic.
		Given the assimilative pressure exerted by the superstrate, writers and critics often argue that the ideal creole literary dialect should be as divergent from it as possible.
	www.ingentaconnect.com /content/jbp/jpcl/2005/00000020/00000001/art00004 (213 words)

	contact discussion page
		Belize or Jamaica: the basilect (the most coloquial and informal variety of the contact language) may be largely unintelligible to speakers of the lexifier (English in this case) while the mesolectal and acrolectal varieties would be partially intelligible.
		And "standard" English may be intelligible to a creole speaker who has a command of the whole continuum, from basilect to acrolect.
		In such cases, linguists tend to focus on the basilect as the "authentic" creole.
	www.hku.hk /linguist/staff/contactdisc.html (1315 words)

	The Creole Origins of AAVE: Evidence from copula absence
		In the SAIE basilect, copula absence is highest (33%) before __NP, and lower before __Adj (15%) and __Prepositional Phrase (11%); in the mesolect and acrolect it is nonexistent (Mesthrie 1992:50, table 2.6).
		As we go further away from the basilect, however, into mid-mesolectal varieties like TC, or upper mesolectal/near acrolectal varieties like Samaná, ANSE, and AAVE, we find minimal copula absence differences between __Adj and __Loc, and more fluctuation in their relative ordering, suggesting that the "high adj" pattern of the basilect is not a major influence.
		For in the basilect, adjectival, progressive and future environments are all auxiliary environments (to the extent that adjectives behave like stative verbs in the basilect), and the question of how decreolization proceeds in each of these environments and ends up distinguishing them, is, in my opinion, far from settled.
	www.stanford.edu /~rickford/papers/CreoleOriginsOfAAVE.html (12684 words)

	Convergent and Divergent Accommodation in Language Death
		Actually, of course, one need not adopt an entire dialect to engage in this activity; mere adoption of some features of a dialect is sufficient, as the pop group example shows; or as Bell (1984) has demonstrated, the shift in a style of speaking is adequate, for example a shift from formal to informal style.
		This was a period of "paper" chiefs, chiefs chosen by the government because they were cooperative rather than by traditional means, further rupturing intra-tribal alliances.
		As speakers began to devalue the speech of those outside their own families, they would feel that they would have to "speak down" to non-family members if they were to accommodate in Chiwere, since for them their own dialect would be the acrolect and all others would be some kind of basilect.
	ioway.nativeweb.org /iowaylibrary/chiweredeath.htm (6509 words)

	Invariantology: What is not unity? (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A basilect is as limit to the links that link it.
		A basilect is as link to the limits that limit it.
		A spoken language is as limit to the links that link it.
	wwf.edula.com /content/linguistics/ll.html (2168 words)

	Jamaican Creole at AllExperts
		That is, there is no cut-and-dry division between the standard language (the acrolect) and the most divergent, rural form (the basilect).
		Significant Jamaican-speaking communities exist among Jamaican expatriates in Miami, New York City, Toronto, Washington D.C. Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama (in the Caribbean coast), and London.
		Note, though, that most varieties of Jamaican Creole use merely the nominative/objective pronouns in place of these possessive variants, which are used for emphasis.
	en.allexperts.com /e/j/ja/jamaican_creole.htm (1282 words)

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