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Topic: Basilius Valentinus

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	Basil Valentine - Crystalinks
		Records of the life of Basilius Valentinus, the Benedictine monk who for his achievements in the chemical sphere has been given the title of Father of Modern Chemistry, are a mass of conflicting evidence.
		Many and varied are the accounts of his life, and historians seem quite unable to agree as to his exact identity, or even as to the century in which he lived.
		Here follow the Twelve Keys of Basilius Valentinus, the Benedictine, with which we may open the doors of the knowledge of the Most Ancient Stone and unseal the Most Secret Fountain of Health.
	www.crystalinks.com /basilvalentine.html (4443 words)

	AllRefer.com - antimony, Compound & Element (Compounds And Elements) - Encyclopedia
		Antimony is mixed with soot and other substances to make kohl, used for centuries by women in some countries as an eye cosmetic.
		A method for the extraction of antimony from stibnite was first described c.1600 by Basilius Valentinus.
		Although known to the ancients, the element was first adequately described by Nicolas LEmery in 1707.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/A/antimony.html (460 words)

	Antimony
		According to the traditional history of western alchemy metallic Antimony was described (previous to Biringuccio) by the Prior Basilius Valentinus in the Latin manuscript "Currus Triumphalis Antimonii" of about 1450, published, in the English translation "The triumphal chariot of antimony", only in 1604 by Johann Thölde (1565-1614).
		The marvellous finding of all of the Valentinus' manuscripts, as in the alchemical tales, is fully described by Jean-Jacques Manget in his Bibliotheca chemica curiosa (1702): these manuscripts remained enclosed for more than a century in a pillar of St. Peter's Abbey, at Erfurt, until the pillar was shattered by a thunderbolt.
		Many authors consider Basilius Valentinus a mythological personage: the most authoritative of them is Leibniz (1646-1716), who declared after a careful search that the Prior Valentinus never existed in the Abbey of Erfurt, but was only a pseudonym, probably of Thölde himself, used to merge poorly-translated materials of various origins.
	www.3rd1000.com /elements/Antimony.htm (1760 words)

	Encyclopedia article: Hydrochloric acid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The old (pre-systematic (additional info and facts about systematic)) name muriatic acid has the same origin (muriatic means "pertaining to brine or salt"), and this name is still sometimes used.
		Notable production was recorded by Basilius Valentinus, the alchemist-abbott of the Augustinians abbey in Erfurt, Germany (additional info and facts about Erfurt, Germany) in the 15th century (additional info and facts about 15th century).
		In the Leblanc process (additional info and facts about Leblanc process), salt is converted to soda ash, using sulfuric acid, limestone, and coal, releasing hydrogen chloride as a by-product.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/h/hy/hydrochloric_acid.htm (3652 words)

	Amazon.com: "Basilius Valentinus": Key Phrase page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		This is ascribed by some to Basilius Valentinus der heimlichen Goldblumen,.
		There is a well-known book by Basilius Valentinus;* you will find some very inter- esting things there.
		"Basilius Valentinus, a Benedictine monk, named the soul of a metal Sulphur or tincture, the body Salt, and finally he called the...
	amazon.com /phrase/Basilius-Valentinus (500 words)

	Ancient Order of Druids in America
		Valentinus established the foundations of chemistry in the Western tradition, but his views on the nature of medicine and healing were unorthodox and fascinating;
		Like many alchemists Valentinus believed that perfect human health was attainable by the administration of transformed substances from the earth, be they plant, mineral or metal.
		The keys are highly symbolic, shrouded in mystic metaphor and symbolism, they require extensive study and analysis to decipher, but represent a deep and profound understanding of the living composition of the earth, as a body and form.
	www.aoda.org /articles/vmn.htm (4088 words)

	Heinrich Khunrath - Crystalinks
		In September 1591, Khunrath was appointed court physician to Count Rosemberk in Trebona.
		He probably met Johann Thölde while at Trebona, one of the suggested authors of the "Basilius Valentinus" treatises on alchemy.
		Khunrath's brushes with Dee and Thölde and Paracelsian beliefs led him to develop a Christianized natural magic, seeking to find the secret prima materia that would lead man into eternal wisdom.
	www.crystalinks.com /khunrath.html (767 words)

	antimony — FactMonster.com
		Antimony is mixed with soot and other substances to make kohl, used for centuries by women in some countries as an eye cosmetic.
		A method for the extraction of antimony from stibnite was first described c.1600 by Basilius Valentinus.
		Although known to the ancients, the element was first adequately described by Nicolas Lémery in 1707.
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/sci/A0804243.html (414 words)

	Schulers Books (Autobiography - 61/70)
		The work mentioned before makes very honorable mention of its predecessors, and we were incited to investigate those original sources themselves.
		We turned to the works of Theophrastus, Paracelsus, and Basilius Valentinus, as well as to those of Helmont, Starkey, and others, whose doctrines and directions, resting more or less on nature and imagination, we endeavored to see into and follow out.
		In the mean time, a very severe trial was preparing for me: for a disturbed, and, one might even say, for certain moments, destroyed digestion, excited such symptoms, that, in great tribulation, I thought I should lose my life; and none of the remedies applied would produce any further effect.
	www.schulers.com /books/jo/a/Autobiography/Autobiography61.htm (1441 words)

	Articles - Hydrochloric acid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The old (pre-systematic) name muriatic acid has the same origin (muriatic means "pertaining to brine or salt"), and this name is still sometimes used.
		Notable production was recorded by Basilius Valentinus, the alchemist-canon of the Benedictine priory Sankt Peter in Erfurt, Germany in the 15th century.
		In the 17th century, Johann Rudolf Glauber from Karlstadt am Main, Germany used salt (sodium chloride) and sulfuric acid for the preparation of sodium sulfate, releasing hydrogen chloride gas.
	www.efireplaces.net /articles/Hydrochloric_acid (2375 words)

	[No title]
		63 is an English translation of a work by the pseudonymous author posing behind the fictive identity of Basilius Valentinus, supposedly a fourteenth or fifteenth century Benedictine monk.
		The textual history of Basilius Valentinus in English remains an object for further study.
		For a brief bio-bibliography of Basilius Valentinus and the probable author of this treatise, Johann Thölde, see Claus Priesner and Karin Figala, Alchemie: Lexikon einer hermetischen Wissenschaft (Munich: C.H. Beck, 1998), pp.
	webapp1.dlib.indiana.edu /newton/mss/intro/ALCH00052 (793 words)

	“The Philosopher‘s Magnet“ - Alchemic Transmutation of Antimony
		Although Basilius Valentinus was very precise in comparison to other alchemical scripts, today the ancient language and symbolic codings are enough hindrance for a simple realisation.
		For instance the described reaction by Basilius Valentinus about antimony-compounds with acetic acid and alcohol is impossible in today’s opinion.
		Obviously Basilius Valentinus had an antibacterial application in mind, if he recommends the intake for a better wound healing, “so that the inner source of the wound‘s secretion is dried up”.
	www.horusmedia.de /2005-antimon/antimon-en.php (2793 words)

	Basilius Books - Signed, used, new, out-of-print
		Originally published in 1613 by botanist-apothecary Basilius Besler, this monumental book features 27 superb, oversize, full-color prints suitable for framing, including images of tulips, irises, roses, lemons, and artichokes.
		This magnificent facsimile edition of a rare hand-colored 17th-century masterpiece is one of the most splendid works ever produced on ornamental flowering plants.
		The most famous botanical record ever committed to paper: Basilius Besler's complete Book of Plants of 1613 A magnificent pictorial document of the flowers grown in the greatest German garden of its time, the Book of Plants is in a class of its own when it comes to the variety...
	www.alibris.com /search/books/author/Basilius (385 words)

	Geotimes - December 2003 - Energy & Resources
		It is the common commercial term used to describe concentrates of fluorite sold as metallurgical grade (97 percent or less calcium fluoride) or acid grade (more than 97 percent calcium fluoride).
		Although fluorite has been used for ornamental purposes since ancient times, it was not until the end of the 15th century that Basilius Valentinus, and later Georgius Agricola in 1529, recorded its earliest use as a flux.
		In this case, a flux is a substance that lowers the melting temperature of a material.
	www.geotimes.org /dec03/resources.html (693 words)

	Amazon.com: Valentinus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		From Paul to Valentinus: Christians at Rome in the First Two Centuries.(Book Review): An article from: Theological Studies by Tennyson Jacob Wellman (Aug 1, 2005)
		Untersuchungen zur valentinianischen Gnosis mit einem Kommentar zu den Fragmenten Valentins.
		CHARIOT OF ANTIMONY, BY BASILIUS VALENTINUS, WITH THE COMMENTARY OF THEODORE...
	www.amazon.com /s?ie=UTF8&keywords=Valentinus&tag=bizkitt-21&index=blended&link_code=qs&page=1 (638 words)

	Bismuth Summary
		Bismuth (New Latin bisemutum from German Wismuth, perhaps from weiße Masse, "white mass") was confused in early times with tin and lead due to its resemblance to those elements.
		Basilius Valentinus described some of its uses in 1450.
		Claude François Geoffroy showed in 1753 that this metal is distinct from lead.
	www.bookrags.com /Bismuth (3176 words)

	Wound Up Like a Cheap Alarm Clock \| Feng Shui Ultimate Resource (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		From Blake to Goethe to Kant, all fervently believed in the extremely ancient worldview of the planet and its creatures as a holistic living system.
		It was aptly expressed by a medieval alchemist, Basilius Valentinus, as well as any Kabbalist or Romantic:
		The earth is not a dead body, but is inhabited by a spirit that is its life and soul.
	www.qi-whiz.com /node/26 (1344 words)

	REVIEW ARTICLE
		They are deeply suggestive of mineral variety, of an assortment of metals having been modeled into the forms of living figures, having been endowed with life.
		Twenty of the sculptures—a set of small reliefs displaying vaguely defined figures emerging from backgrounds roughly incised with panel designs -- are all of different colors and are titled with the narnes of 2O of the alchemical elements from a table of such elements by the alchemist Valentin (or Basilius Valentinus).
		Patinas are achieved through the application of caustic acids, by a chemical reaction.
	www.bway.net /~sinrom/Invite99/Review_Article99/REVIEW_ARTICLE.html (888 words)

	Keys of Basilius Valentine
		While at the link the tablets are laid out in an order as was presented by Valentine, modern research has revealed another numerical sequence, as shown on this page.
		Yves will now explain the significance of the pictures of Basilius Valentinus and he will also answer questions about yesterdays practice.
		In this seminar I think you will have a certain amount of knowledge and you will birth certain light concerning the alchemical kingdom.
	members.tripod.com /~icanseefar/keys.html (641 words)

	Bismuth (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		For many centuries Bismuth was confused with tin and lead, which it resembles in its natural state.
		The earliest reference to Bismuth is from 1450, when Basilius Valentinus described some of its potential uses.
		Claude Francois Geoffroy proved scientifically that Bismuth was distinct from lead in 1753.
	www.snazzdragon.com /main/caz/bis.php (592 words)

	Sulfuric acid: Pumping up the volume
		There is evidence that it was known prior to the 10th century.
		In the late 15th century, Basilius Valentinus described two ways to prepare sulfuric acid; one was by burning sulfur with potassium nitrate, or saltpeter, and the second was by distilling the acid from a mixture of silica and ferric sulfate (vitriol—hence the name “oil of vitriol” used by alchemists).
		Until the 18th century, demand for sulfuric acid was slight; small amounts were consumed in preparing nitric and hydrochloric acids for use in treating or assaying nonferrous metals.
	pubs.acs.org /subscribe/journals/tcaw/10/i09/html/09chemch.html (1628 words)

	Ancient Symbolism
		Download a 568k fl and white tif file.
		Note that the identity of Basilius Valentinus is unknown and it appears that the writings attributed to him were the product of the last decade of the sixteenth century.
		It is generally believed, but unproven, that he was born in 1394, and that he was Canon of the Benedictine Priory of St. Peter at Erfurt, near Strasburg.
	freemasonry.bcy.ca /art/ancient_symbolism.html (256 words)

	Mineral Classics - Fine Minerals
		These pages will eventually have a great selection of species, including some of the best Amazonite specimens collected by Richard Kosnar.
		Valentinite is Antimony Oxide (Sb) and was named in 1845 after the mythical monk and alchemist Basilius Valentinus.
		Some of these are "textbook", tabular, monoclinic examples of Valentinite crystals as illustrated in Atlas der Krystallformen by Victor Goldschmidt.
	www.minclassics.com /minerals.html (1185 words)

	Thoughts on Cultural Roots
		The sequence or basic pattern shapes meaning, adding context to individual ideas.
		For example, in The Golden Tripod Basilius Valentinus sets forth twelve keys that will unlock the hermetic secrets.
		Each key is composed of a text and an illustration; both must be interpreted together as a unit.
	westgatehouse.com /entry2.html (1355 words)

	Alchemical articles archive
		The study of spiritual alchemy: mysticism, gold-making and esoteric hermeneutics.
		His notes on Basilius Valentinus and Andreas Cellarius.
		Review of Giovanni Carbonelli 'Sulle fonti storiche della chimica e dell'alchimia in Italia.
	www.alchemywebsite.com /articles_proj.html (7847 words)

	The Society of Physics Students
		This representation of Mercury from a 1613 text by Basilius Valentinus representing the summation of Alchemical work, and its intertwining with man, religion, and the universe.
		Although physics has changed, its connection with other areas of human endeavor have continually deepened.
		Do a little bit of work and bla bla bla...
	www.mrnuke.com /sps.shtml (262 words)

	file0001
		"Records of the life of Basilius Valentinus, the Benedictine monk
		"Internal evidence shows that Basilius could not have been a
		though they must have known that his gnosticism, heavily influenced by Valentinus, was profoundly
	www.yankeeclassic.com /miskatonic/library/stacks/alchemy/shelves/stacks-bc.html (2419 words)

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