
	Where results make sense

Topic: Bast fibres

Related Topics

bast fibers

Basting syringe

Bast Cthulhu Mythos

In the News (Fri 25 Dec 09)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

Peter Chernin

Gary Locke

Match Play

Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

AR Rahman

Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

	Fibre - ninemsn Encarta
		Fibres of hair and wool are not continuous and must be spun into thread or yarn if they are to be woven or knitted into textiles, or they must be felted.
		Fur fibres from animals such as mink and beaver are sometimes blended with other hairs to spin luxury yarns but the pelts are more often used.
		Fibres of asbestos, formerly used for insulation and fireproofing, have been found to be carcinogenic.
	au.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761578941/Fibre.html (891 words)

	Fibres and Textile
		Fibres derived from animals are normally hairs, of which the wool of sheep is the most important single example; but people living in areas in which suitable plant materials were not obtainable frequently used the tendons or sinews of animals to provide coarse, strong threads.
		Fibres may be derived from the leaf of the plant, such as sisal or esparto, or from the stem.
		Bast fibres, more commonly referred to as phloem by botanists today, are the sense that in the living plant carry the food in solution from the soil.
	www.physics.metu.edu.tr /~mturan/project5/fibres.html (5430 words)

	Spinning - MSN Encarta
		The object of spinning and of the processes that precede it is to transform the single fibres into a cohesive and workable continuous-length yarn.
		Cotton, wool, flax, jute, and the other natural fibres are spun in different ways, and wool and some of the bast fibres can be spun in two different ways, resulting in yarns with differing properties.
		The latter was a stick or staff upon which a bundle of the fibre to be spun was loosely bound, and it was either held in the left hand or stuck in the belt.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761559706/spinning.html (549 words)

	CHTA Industrial Hemp
		Hemp fibre is a bast fibre similar to flax, kenaf, jute and ramie.
		All bast fibre plants have long slender primary fibres (also known as bast fiores) on the outer portion of the stalk as well as woody inner core fibres.
		Bast fibres are usually used for textiles, including carpets, clothing and industrial uses, such as geotextiles, erosion control blankets, and composite reinforcements and fillers -- the largest biggest current and future use for hemp fibre.
	www.hemptrade.ca /en/public/industrial-fibre.ihtml (356 words)

	Agriculture Canada Bi-Weekly Bulletin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The stalk is harvested for the fibre and hurds.
		There are three types of fibre: primary bast fibres which are long and low in lignin, secondary bast fibres which are of intermediate length and high in lignin content and libriform fibres which are short and high in lignin.
		Harvesting hemp for the long bast fibre for the cordage and textile industries requires the fibre to be undamaged negating the use of haybines and balers.
	www.cannabisculture.com /library/agcan.html (3077 words)

	HEMP - Production - Fibre Production - Manitoba Agriculture, Food and Rural Initiatives
		These are the bast fibres that have been used for centuries to make clothing, rope, twine, and paper etc..
		Hemp as a fibre only crop, is cut when the male plants are in full flower and shedding pollen before viable seed set.
		Fibre quality requirements will have to be developed as processors begin to find out qualities that enhance their end product.
	www.gov.mb.ca /cgi-bin/print_hit_bold.pl/agriculture/crops/hemp/bko05s12.html (398 words)

	New technology to harvest and store fibre hemp for paper pulp
		Both bast and core had to be processed and the objective was to cultivate a crop with a maximum fibre yield.
		Because of the decreased demand for bast fibres, in most areas the mechanization of bast fibre crops is not advanced.
		Because the control fibres, after 3 and 6 months, were not the same (dry compared to frozen fibres), no clear results can be given on the decrease of fibre stength in time.
	www.hempfood.com /IHA/iha01204.html (2560 words)

	Commercial Hemp Cultivation in Canada by David Marcus
		Although the bast fibres, because of their high tensile strength, have significant potential as replacements for glass fibres for fiberglass or as a replacement for asbestos in fibre cement, such applications would require the bast fibre to be separated from the hurds.
		Traditionally fibre separation was a lengthy process of water or dew retting (rotting) the crop after harvest either in water tanks, rivers or ponds, or on the field, followed by breaking the stems, scutching and finally hackling to ensure clean fibre.
		After the bast fibre is separated from the hurds, it must be combed, then processed into a sliver (an assemblage of fibres in a continuous form), then into a rove (a finer sliver) before being ready for spinning and finally weaving.
	www.naihc.org /hemp_information/content/dmarcustx.html (8880 words)

	Green Fibres and Their Potential in Diversified Applications
		The concentration of alpha-cellulose in the raw fibre (bast), reaches the level of 90 percent while the concentration of cellulose in softwood and hardwood ranges from 50 to 54 percent.
		Application of natural fibres in the automotive industry may include different types of fillings, reinforcing fibre and in some cases replacement of glass fibre, one of the components of hybrid composites, degradable composite of natural fibres and natural polymers.
		The great advantage of composites reinforced with fibres is that when the fibres are arranged parallel to the direction of applied forces (unidirectional laminates), the possibility of utilisation of anisotropic properties of material for structure arises (crushed fibres, embroided and 3-D weaved structures).
	www.fao.org /DOCREP/004/Y1873E/y1873e0b.htm (2530 words)

	New Processing Strategies For Hemp
		Bast fibres and particularly hemp possess by nature a high degree of variability and as a valuable raw material are suitable for the most diverse of industrial uses.
		While fibre length and fibre fineness are the two most important factors in the production of yarn on ring spinning machines, in rotor spinning it is the fibre tenacity and elongation of fibres which are predominantly important for successful spinning.
		Fibres intended for ring spinning are pre-spun to rovings after the drafting process, which can then be spun on ring machines in three cylinder processes to yarn finenesses of Nm 10-15.
	mojo.calyx.net /~olsen/HEMP/IHA/iha02101.html (3823 words)

	Fibres from the inner bark of a lime tree (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		These prepared tree bast fibres were then hung from a horizontal cord, in preparation for weaving into a cloth.
		The different grades of fibres can be seen: the coarser ones have holes along their length, the finer ones are smooth.
		Since the archaeological artefacts are usually preserved as small, fl fragments, it was remarkable to see the freshly prepared lime bast fibres catching the light with a faint orange glow.
	www.ucl.ac.uk /news/right-column/ucl-views/limetree (377 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Bast and Other Plant Fibres' is the first book in over 50 years to cover the most interesting plant fibres and those with high annual production.
		Bast fibres have many textile applications, with natural fibre composites being the fastest growing due to the combination of their relatively low cost and excellent technical characteristics.
		Chapter 9 brings together information on minor fibres that may deserve greater interest on the part of international markets, while Chapter 10 is dedicated to the use of bast and leaf fibres in composites.
	www.researchandmarkets.com /reports/302655/302655.htm (915 words)

	Paperwright - Pulps and Fibres
		Raw fibres need to be cooked in a soda ash solution, rinsed, and then prepared in a beater or by hand.
		Thai kozo and Phillipine Gampi are dried bast fibres used for Asian papermaking.
		Bast, strong plant fibres underneath the bark of a plant, need to be cooked before being pulverized into a pulp.
	www.trytel.com /~brittq/pulp.htm (519 words)

	Commercial Hemp Cultivation in Canada by David Marcus -Revised 1998 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		After harvesting, the hemp stalks are soaked with water to initiate a process of retting (the decompositional separation of the bark-like bast fibres from the inner woody core).
		The hurds are the short fibred inner woody core of the hemp plant which comprises 70-80% of the stalk.
		The hurds are essentially the by-product of the process of extracting bast fibre from the hemp stalks, and were traditionally considered waste.
	www.hemphasis.com /indisty1.htm (1278 words)

	Jute Summary
		Jute fibres are composed primarily of the plant materials, cellulose (major component of plant fibre) and lignin (major components wood fibre).
		This process softens the tissues and breaks the hard pectin bond between the bast and jute hurd (inner woody fibre stick) and the process permits the fibres to be separated.
		Jute fibres are kept in bundles in the background in a warehouse in Bangladesh.
	www.bookrags.com /Jute (2845 words)

	Bioresource Hemp
		Today, bast fibres are finding use in various technical applications, and the goal of the research was to evaluate the stem and bast fibre productivity and bast fibre properties (strength and elasticity of fibre bundles, diameter of single fibres) of these plant species grown in Finland.
		Total bast fibre content in the hemp stem averaged 21.9%, of which 89.0% was primary fibre.
		Task of the Crop Science Department is to study the anatomy of bast fibres of linseed, flax and fibre hemp using light microscopy.
	www.nova-institut.de /bioresource-hemp/vortraege/sankari.htm (668 words)

	Fibres
		There are so many highly useful biomaterials available for use as fibres it would be impossible to discuss each here.
		The industrial type of hemp is described as a bast fibre, (like.flax and jute).
		Hemp plants consist of ~ 30% bast fibre, 60% hurd, and 10% dust and waste.
	xnet.rrc.mb.ca /davidb/fibres.htm (675 words)

	American Journal of Pharmacy, 1883: Gleanings in Materia Medica. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The inner bark consists of extended bast bundles divided by the delicately-celled medullary rays and surrounded by rows of crystal cells.
		The bast fibres are long, thin, and characterized by the sharply defined primary membrane.
		Zinc chloride with iodine imparts a violet color to the entire primary bast fibres, and with considerable swelling to the secondary layers of the secondary bast fibres and to the sieve-tube walls.
	www.ibiblio.org /herbmed/eclectic/journals/ajp1883/08-gleanings.html (1825 words)

	Hemp pulp and paper production: Paper from hemp woody core
		I learnt that the chemical pulping of hemp bast fibres primarily for fibre softening and separation (due to the low lignin content) is not difficult.
		The long bast fibres were used either for sailing and fishing gear, or for strong thin cellulose rich paper.
		Of course the long cellulose-rich bast fibres are of great value, but the specialty paper market is small, thus it is necessary to also examine other possibilities, particularly textiles and glass-fibre replacement.
	mojo.calyx.net /~olsen/HEMP/IHA/iha02112.html (1972 words)

	Introduction to African Textiles: Part Three - Raw Materials
		The weaving of bast fibres, produced by allowing the stalks of plants such as jute or flax to decompose in water for a few days, would seem to have been far more widespread in the past than it has been in the twentieth century.
		Linen woven from bast fibres was the material used in the weaving of ancient Egypt, source of some of the oldest surviving garments in the world.
		Small fragments of woven bast fibre were excavated with elaborate brass vessels dated to the ninth century AD at Igbo Ukwu in southeastern Nigeria.
	www.adireafricantextiles.com /africantextintro3.htm (1165 words)

	Use of AAS pulping for flax and hemp shives
		Some plants such as hemp, flax and kenaf produce two types of fibres: long bast fibres and short woody core (shive) fibres.
		The bast fibres are used in the pulp and paper industry; however, the short core fibres do not produce good quality pulp using conventional pulping technology.
		This feature would allow the development of the most efficient technology for pulping bast-fibre plant stalks such as hemp, kenaf and flax without their separation into bast (fibre) and woody (shive) fractions, as is the suggested current practice for kenaf pulping described in the technology of Ankal Proprietary Ltd. (Australia) (Kaldor et al.
	www.druglibrary.org /olsen/hemp/iha/iha03110.html (1496 words)

	GUIZHOU PROVINCE: SOUTH-WEST CHINA BAST FIBRES USED BY THE MIAO (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Hemp is traditionally the fibre of north China and ramie the fibre of the Yangtze and the south.
		The raw basi fibre has a length of 40-150cm, but once the fibres are separated and degummed, the length of the fibre is between 15-60cm depending on the skill of the processor.
		The outer layer, or cortex, is peeled off and the bast fibres are separated using a metal tool which is run along the length of the cortex.
	www.textilesocietyofhk.org /Newsletters/newsletter014May96Guizhou.asp (1874 words)

	Natural Fibre Composites in Structural Components: Alternative Applications for Sisal?
		After fibre bundles are impregnated with a resin during the processing of a composite, the weakest part in the material is the lignin between the individual cells.
		An appropriate method to get a layer of fibres with an anisotropic orientation which is loose enough to provide sufficient fibre flow during the moulding process depends on the type of fibre and on the way in which the raw material is being supplied.
		After fibre placement a basket with resin is poured in the middle of the product, a rigid top mould is put on and at the edge of the set of moulds vacuum is applied.
	www.fao.org /DOCREP/004/Y1873E/y1873e0a.htm (2740 words)

	Exporter of Jute, Kenaf, Roselle Fiber & Products
		Jute, Kenaf, and Roselle Hemp (Mesta Jute) Fibres are 100% bio-degradable & recyclable and thus environment friendly.
		Jute, Kenaf, and Roselle Hemp (Mesta Jute) are the most versatile Natural Fibres (aka Vegetable Fibres or Bast Fibres) that has been used in packaging, textiles, non-woven, composite, pulp & paper industries.
		- Jute, Kenaf, and Roselle Hemp Sliver [Combed Tow of Bast Fibres]
	www.webspawner.com /users/jutexporter (1133 words)

	Ramie: the different bast fibre crop /Australian New Crops Newsletter
		Ramie is one of the oldest textile fibres.
		The ultimate fibres are exceptionally long and are claimed to be the longest of vegetable origin, with one report claiming the fibres range up to 580 mm, averaging about 125 mm.
		As cotton is currently the major plant fibre produced in Australia it would be important to compare the relative costs and returns from cotton and ramie.
	www.newcrops.uq.edu.au /newslett/ncn11162.htm (1868 words)

	CD: Groliers Encyclopedia
		Fibres obtained from a plant or an animal are classed as natural fibres.
		Animal fibres are provided, generally, by animal hair and, in the case of silk, by the secretion of the silkworm.
		Fibres taken from the plant leaf are called 'hard', or cordage, fibres because they are used principally to make rope.
	www.ntz.info /gen/b00324.html (3841 words)

	Textile Terminology (plus minority fibres*)
		— fibre obtained from the inner bark of a plant.
		— The breaking of bast fibres, usually by rolling, to facilitate the removal of the fibre bundles and the wood.
		Can also be applied to man-made fibres where there is extrusion into a liquid bath.
	www.e4s.org.uk /textilesonline/content/6library/report1/textile_terminology.htm (2086 words)

	Hands on Paper plant fibre paper
		Fibres for papermaking are classified on the basis of their source, some of the best and longest fibres are those from the inner bark or bast for example Kozo from Japan and daphne paper from Nepal.
		Bast fibre is prepared by stripping the bark off the plant and removing the outer bark, sometimes steaming will make the removal of bark from the stems easier.
		Sometimes the fibre is ready for use at this stage but it becomes finer if it is beaten with a wooden mallet then vitimised for a few seconds.
	www.bluep.com /~stiffe/plant.html (913 words)

	VÚB a.s.
		- bast fibres are characterized by their "cooling" efect.
		This can be used first of all in production of underwear and bed clothes as well as in fabrics for leisure and sport wear, work and protective clothing.
		- textile products made of bast fibres do not irritate human skin and they are suitable for people with more sensitive skin and for people who cannot tolerate products made of cotton or wool.
	www.vubas.cz /EN/Prize/Lyk_Vlakna.htm (165 words)

	Customs Department >> Tariff Issues
		Jute and other textile bast fibres (excluding flax, true hemp and ramie), raw or processed but not spun; tow and waste of these fibres (including yarn waste and garnetted stock).
		Sisal and other textile fibres of the genus Agave, raw or processed but not spun; tow and waste of these fibres (including yarn waste and garnetted stock).
		Coconut, abaca (Manila hemp or Musa textilis Nee), ramie and other vegetable textile fibres, not elsewhere specified or included, raw or processed but not spun; tow, noils and waste of these fibres (including yarn waste and garnetted stock).
	www.customs.gov.jo /tarrif_items.asp?chapter_id=53 (247 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)